Chess Ultimate Collection

Hi guys!

About a year ago, I guess during the Turin Olympiad, a Mr. Edmund Wee Beronio offered his "Ultimate Collection" of chess bits to Mr. Bobby Ang's Chess Piece column which in turn, Bobby Ang offered to his readers. I was one of the fans who asked for it. I could remember very well when Mr. Ang sent me the file saying "granted as you wished".

This so-called ultimate collection were taken mostly from the internet and compiled into one, nasty (heheheh!) read of chess, chess and more chess!

Let's check it out!

ULTIMATE CHESS COLLECTION
By Edmund Wee Beronio

Part 1 : 10 Dangerous Moments in Chess
Part 2 : 25 Tell-Tale Signs of a Chess Addict
Part 3 : 6 Evils of Chess
Part 4 : 644 Ultimate Chess Trivia (my personal all-time favorite!!!)
Part 5 : 10 Questions and Answers in Chess
Part 6 : 25 Really Weighty Chess Trivia
Part 7 : World Chess Champions
Part 8 : 64 Chess Commandments
Part 9 : 10 Controversial Chess Games
Part 10 : 19 Chess Tips
Part 11 : 50 Bad Chess Habits
Part 12 : 18 Seeds of Tactical Destruction
Part 13 : 14 Best Techniques to Annoy Your Opponent
Part 14 : 127 Best Games of Chess
Part 15 : Miscellaneous Chess Quotations
Part 16 : Famous Chessplayers' Occupation
Part 17 : Monickers of Famous Chessplayers
Part 18 : Chess Horoscope
Part 19 : USSR Chess History Champions
Part 20 : USA Chess History Champions
Part 21 : 10 Games Involving Queen Sacrifices
Part 22 : Bill Wall's Best 100 Chess Players of All Times
Part 23 : Jeff Sona's Best 100 Chess Player's of All Times
Part 24 : Chess Olympiad Winners
Part 25 : Youngest Grandmasters
Part 26 : FIDE Category Tournaments
Part 27 : Pronunciation of Chess Players and Terms
Part 28 : All About ELO Ratings
Part 29 : Internet Chess Club (ICC) Handles of Grandmasters
Part 30 : Encyclopedia of Chess Openings (incomplete)


Part 1: 10 DANGEROUS MOMENTS IN CHESS

01.) There has been a change in the pawn structure. Your opponent has 8 and you
don't have any.

02.) Your opponent begins to throw pawns at your eyes.

03.) You have a position won but your opponent has a gun.

04.) The arbiter tells you not to bother turning in your scoresheet after the game.

05.) Before the game begins you notice your opponent first initials are 'GM'.

06.) After completing your development, you sense your opponent playing the endgame.

07.) Just as you make your opening move your opponent announces mate in 11.

08.) You don't control any squares at all.

09.) Your draw offer sends all the people watching your game into uncontrollable laughter.

10.) Your opponent has 3 bishops.


Part 2: 25 TELL-TALE SIGNS OF A CHESS ADDICT

01.) You kicked out your teddy bear and sleep with your chess pieces.

02.) During sex, you and your partner use blitz time controls.

03.) Your special remix from your favorite chess games didn't score well on your
children's houseparty.

04.) You think the book "the mating game" is a chess book in spite of the strange
acting nude couple on the cover.

05.) You think Monica blew Bill off the chessboard during her intern hours at the
White House.

06.) You call your girlfriend a "novelty".

07.) You deleted Windows from your PC to have enough space for your computer
chess tablebases.

08.) When you look at a picture of that top model you think "Could she play chess?"

09.) You want the school teacher to give your children an ELO-rating instead of grades.

10.) You think the remark: "Get a life." wasn't directed at you.

11.) You look at a newspaper's chess column before any other section.

12.) You mumble "J'adoube" when bumping into things.

13.) You keep a chess book and chess set in the bathroom.

14.) You ask new acquaintances if they know how to play chess.

15.) You ask all chessplayers, "What's your rating?"

16.) You directly walk to the games/chess sections in any bookstore.

17.) You own more books about chess than any other subject.

18.) You own more chess clocks than watches.

19.) You keep a chess board and pieces at the office or in a backpack.

20.) You multiply 8x8 faster than 7x7.

21.) You think the "olympics" take place every two years.

22.) You name first child Bobby or Judith and decorates nursery in black and white
squares "just in case".

23.) You panic for an instant when a waiter says "Check?"

24.) You pay more attention to the game in a movie than the action.

25.) When asked about that movie, you say a white square was not in the right hand
corner of the board.


Part 3: 6 EVILS OF CHESS

01.) It is a great time-waster. How many precious hours (which cannot be recalled)
have I profusely spent in this game!

02.) It hath had with me a fascinating property; I have been bewitched by it: when I
have begun, I have not had the power to give over.

03.) It hath not done with me, when I have done with it. It hath followed me into my
study, into my pulpit; when I have been praying or preaching, I have (in my
thoughts) been playing at chess; than I have had, as it were, a chess-board
before my eyes…

04.) It hath caused me to break many solemn resolutions; nay, vows and promises.
Sometimes I have obliged myself, in the most solemn manner, to play but so
many mates at a time, or with any one person, and anon I have broken these
obligations and promises…

05.) It hath wounded my conscience and broken my peace. I have had sad reflections
upon it, when I have been most serious. I find, if I were now to die, the remem-
brance of this game would greatly trouble me and stare me in the face. I have
read in the life of the famous John Huss, how he was greatly troubled, for his
sing of this game, a little before his death.

06.) My using of it hath occasioned much sin, as passion, strife, idle (if not lying)
words, in myself and my antagonist, or both. It hath caused the neglect of many
duties both to God and men…


Part 4: 644 ULTIMATE CHESS TRIVIA

01.) A chess addict died --- and after a few days, a friend of his heard a voice: It was him!
What is it like where you are now? He asked. What do you want to hear first?
Good or bad news? Tell me the good news first. "Well, it is really heaven here!
There are tournaments and blitz sessions all the time and Morphy, Alekhine,
Lasker, Tal, Capablanca, Botvinnik, they are all here and you can play with them."
Fantastic! And what is the bad news? "You have black against Capablanca on
Saturday." (actually not a trivia hehehe!!!)

02.) During the first round of Istanbul 2000 Chess Olympiad, GM Alex Baburin offered
GM Ivanchuk a draw, which was accepted after about an hour of thought!

03.) Dave Wolz of Des Moines drives 15,000 miles - naked - to various chess tournaments.

04.) "Fischer is a disgrace of chess." wrote someone to www.worldchessrating.ru

05.) In 1988, GM Arnold Denker became the first grandmaster to lose a match 0.5-3.5
against a computer.

06.) Vienna 1991: GM John Nunn was wandering around the tournament hall when he
saw a woman named Petra sacrificed a pawn against a strong player Rotstein.
After the game, he invited her out to dinner but she said "no". He tried again later
and she finally accepted the offer. The rest was history. They were married in 1995…

07.) The chap on "Who Wants to be a Millionaire" who asks the audience to help him.
38% think that the word "gambit" is a word used in gardening. He believes them.
It costs him $2,000.

08.) World's first chess machine, legendary Chess Turk, built by a baron for a Queen,
battled Napoleon Bonaparte, Benjamin Franklin bowed, Edgar Allan Poe fascinated
and torn between fear.

09.) In a letter to US President Bush, Spassky wrote, "Bobby and myself committed
the same crime. Put sanctions against me also. Arrest me. And put me in the same
cell with Bobby. And don't forget to give us a chess set." To which Fischer quipped,
"I don't want him in my cell. I want a chick." And Bobby suggested the beautiful
GM Alexandra Kosteniuk as cellmate.

10.) GM Mikhail Tal's heyday in chess was when he beat Bobby Fischer 4-0 shutout
during the 1959 Candidates Matches in Yugoslavia.

11.) Antarctica 1950: A scientist at a Soviet research station who lost a chess game,
killed his opponent with an axe. Chess was later banned there by the Soviets.

12.) "I still like to attack. If this be treason, then make the most out of it." GM Arnold
Denker, the Dean of American Chess died after a brief struggle with brain cancer.
He was 90.

13.) Dortmund 1993: Game between GMs Kramnik and Serper ended on the 27th move.
"I should have resigned on the 18th move but was afraid that spectators wouldn't
understand." Serper was quoted.

14.) Heaviest chessbook at 2.28 kgs. is the Handbuch des Schachspiels by Bilguer,
1992 8th edition, 1,091 pages, size 9 x 12 inches.

15.) Weaver Adams wrote a book "White to Play and Win". In 1939 US Open in Dallas,
he didn't win a single game as white (3 losses and 1 draw) and won all his 4 games
in black.

16.) Baguio hosted the 1978 World Championship between Karpov and Korchnoi. On
the morning of the match, it was discovered that there was not a single "staunton"
design chess set in the city. Someone drove 150 miles to Manila to buy a staunton
chess set. It arrived 15 minutes before the scheduled first game.

17.) 30 years ago, Bobby Fischer saw the writings on the wall, "Someday, computers
will make all GMs obsolete." Fischer told one of his best friends GM Larry Evans

18.) GM William Hartston: At Hasting 1972-3, he turned down a draw offer against
Uhlmann and lost the game. If he had accepted the draw offer, he would have
become England's first GM.

19.) "I don't play any games. There is no time for it. When I get through work, I don't
want anything which requires the working of the mind." quoted from Albert Einstein
who was a good friend of World Chess Champ Emanuel Lasker. They shared an
apartment together in Berlin in the 1930s. However, he did play chess with friends.

20.) Max Euwe was once the former amateur heavyweight boxing champ of Europe.
In 1948 World Match, Euwe wore gloves while playing his games to induce
fighting spirit.

21.) Edmund Edmondson: Former President of US Chess Federation (1963-66) who
suffered and died of heart attack while playing chess on the beach at Waikiki.

22.) Russian GM Semen Dvoirys: He once threw his shoe through the tournament hall
in Holland after a defeat. Another time, he pound his head on the floor after a loss.

23.) When Fedor Dus-Chotimirsky took a move back versus Bronstein he said, "Hey,
I just made a bad move and now I am changing it to a good one. To hell with the
rules, this is chess!"

24.) International word for Chess: skaak, dacke, escachs, sachy, skak, sakoj, shakki,
sjakk, schaakspel, szachy, xadrez, sah, ajedrez, schack, schachspiel, satranc,
echecs, catur, chess, scacchi, sachmatai, sakk.

25.) Asia's First Grandmaster Eugene Torre became one of the few trusted confidantes
of Bob Fischer, who in turn made Torre his official second for his 1992 return match
with Borris Spassky that took place in war torn Yugoslavia. Fischer also relied on
Torre in 1996 when the wayward American genius launched "Fischer Random Chess"
in Argentina.

One anecdote during this period has it that when Torre and Fischer boarded a taxi
in Buenos Aires, the driver easily recognized Torre as a chess player. As both were
about to leave the taxi, the driver not knowing who the other distinguished passenger
was, asked Torre:"Whatever happened to that crazy guy Fischer?"

26.) GM Ratmir Kholmov won the Lithuinian Championship ten times. He was once
suspended for a year from tournament play because of conduct unbecoming a
chess master due to excessive drinking.

27.) We don't have such dogs in the Soviet Union. (Mikhail Botvinnik - upon seeing a rare
breed while on a walk with Euwe in England in 1936) to which Max Euwe replied:
No, I suppose your people have eaten them all. This caused a rift with Botvinnik
that lasted for years, but was eventually healed.

28.) The longest chess game theoritically possible is 5,949 moves.

29.) One day, while Capablanca was having coffee and reading newspaper, a stranger
stopped at his table, motioned at the chess set and indicated he would like to play
if Capa was interested. Capa's face lit up, he folded the newspaper anyway,
reached for the board and proceeded to pocket his own queen. The opponent
(who apparently who had no idea who Capablanca was) reacted with slight
anger. "Hey! You don't know me! I might beat you!", he said. Capablanca,
smiling gently, said quietly, "Sir, if you could beat me, I would know you."

30.) GM Frederick Yates was British Champion in 1913, 1914 (after tie), 1921, 1926,
1928 and 1931. A dogged and tenacious player he was a dangerous opponent to
anyone. He managed to defeat at least once most of the best players of his time.
Sadly he died in his sleep, gassed by a faulty pipe connection at his home in
London in 1932.

31.) In 1903, the Grand Master Colonel Moreau put in one of the worst tournament
performances of all time. In the Monte Carlo Tournament, the Colonel lost all
twenty-six of games (that pathetic!). The Colonel complained of a headache but
even this was no excuse for his poor performance!

32.) 1960 Leipzig Chess Olympiad: Max Euwe won 3 games, drew 7, and lost 8 games
for the worst score of 40.6% by a GM in olmypiad history.

33.) Old world dominated by B (Botvinnik, Bronstein, Boleslavsky, Bondarevsky) and
we had K (Karpov, Kasparov, Kramnik, Korchnoi, Kamsky). So what's going to
be the next letter?

34.) Neumann won a tournament in 1865 with a score of 34 wins, no losses, no draws.

35.) In 1962, the Cyprus chess team performed quite badly. In the Olympiad teams
tournament, they lost all twenty of their matches. Out of eighty games played by
the awful 'foursome', they won a measly 3 games. Not surprisingly, the team
selectors decided to give some players a go the following tournament.

36.) In 1964 the first unofficial international rating list was published by Arpad Elo. The top
two players, with a 2690 rating, were Tigran Petrosian and Bobby Fischer.

37.) March 24, 1946 Hotel Estoril: Chess genius Alexander Alekhine, age 53, has died.
Autopsy stated the death caused by asphyxia due to obstruction of a piece of meat.

38.) Legendary Efim Geller often dreamed about chess. 'Sometimes he whispered
chess moves in his sleep,' his widow recalled, 'or he would wake up in the night
and go to his desk to write down a variation that had come into his head.'

39.) According to the memoirs of his wife, Vladimir Lenin, a keen chess player, would
shout out in his sleep after several games in the evening: "If he goes there with
his bishop, I'll go here with my bishop."

40.) Yuri Razuvaev recalls that when he and Furman were assisting Karpov in the 1970s,
the 12th world champion surprised them with amazing ideas that had come into
his head in a dream, which he demonstrated the next day on the board.

41.) Victoria Marie, a prize-winning pig (a Gloucester Old Spot) is killed by a flying
chess queen piece during a gale.

42.) One of Steinitz's regular customers was a woodpusher who lost game after game,
week after week. As chess writer Irving Chernev tells the story, a friend advised
Steinitz to let him win just one game, so as to avoid killing the golden goose.
Steinitz took the advice, played as badly as he could, left his queen en prise, and
when his opponent finally saw it, resigned. He began setting up the pieces for
a new game but the jubilant victor ran out of the cafe shouting the amazing news
that at long last he had defeated the World Champion, and never played him again.

43.) Chess was forbiden by the Taliban in Afganistan for 15 years, possibly to prevent
intellectuals from getting together. Taliban believed chess as a form of gambling.

44.) GM Andras Adorjan played under the last name Jocha. He later adopted his
mother's surname Adorjan. During his game against Pachman in Munich 1977,
he fell from his chair due to heart attack. He was rushed to the hospital and
survived. His highest rating has been 2675.

45.) In 1995, Robert Smeltzer of Dallas Texas played 2,266 USCF rated games in 1
year, the most ever.

46.) Neil Carr was the youngest player to beat a grandmaster in a clock simultaneous
exhibition. In 1978 at the age of 10 he beat a grandmaster.

47.) During the 1972 Fischer-Spassky match in Rekjavik, the Russians linked Spassky's
erratic play with Fischer's chair. The Icelandic organization put a 24-hour police guard
around the chair while chemical and x-ray tests were performed on the chair. Nothing
unusual was found.

48.) In round 9 of the 25th USSR championship at Riga in1958, David Bronstein took 18
minutes of thought before playing 1...c5 in response to Aivar Gipslis' move of 1.e4

49.) US President John Quincy Adams (1825-29) was an avid chess player. He may
have lost his presidency because of chess. He was charged wasting public funds
to buy expensive ivory chess sets.

50.) FM Armando Acevedo is a former champ of Mexico. One night when GM Nigel
Short thought he was playing Bobby on the internet, he asked his opponent when
he played Acevedo. The response was immediate. "Siegen 1970". Fischer had
played Acevedo in the Siegen Chess Olympiad in 1970. Nigel finally confirmed that
the stranger on the internet was legendary Bob Fischer. However, Bob denied that
he ever played on the net.

51.) "I have come all the way from Norway for this!" an incensed spectator shouted after
a 14-move grandmaster draw between Kasparov and Kramnik in 2000 World Chess
Championship where Kramnik leads 2-0.

52.) On Apr. 26 2004, at the age of 13 years, 4 months, and 26 days, Magnus Carlsen
became the youngest GM in the world. Washington Post dubbed him the "Mozart
of Chess".

53.) "Those World Champions who devoted themselves to chess tended to die young
while those whose interests were more diversified lives longer." Dr. Miguel Marin-
Padilla, leading Neurologist

54.) After leaving his native Czechoslovakia in 1972 and settling in West Germany,
Ludek Pachman (1924-2003) became the subject of a "boycott" by Eastern
European players, who would refuse to compete in tournaments in which he was
entered. The "boycott" was broken in 1976, when the Eastern European players
were forced to compete against him at the Manila Interzonal tournament.

55.) The American 19th century player Napoleon Marache was a quick learner of the game.
Three weeks after his first lesson from his tutor, he was giving the tutor odds of a rook.

56.) The Alexander McDonnell and Louis Labourdonnais match in 1834 was the first
major match to have the moves of every game recorded for posterity. William Walker,
a friend of McDonnell, attended all of the 85 games played and wrote down all of
the moves.

57.) Max Harmonist, a minor German master who played in several tournaments in the
1880's and 1890's, was actually a ballet dancer by profession.

58.) Frank Roden, the Hastings Congress Director, was somewhat taken aback when
Alexander boasted, "I am not frightened of Paul Keres. I've beaten him the last 3
times I have played him." It turned out that this was at the table tennis in the
Royal Victoria.

59.) GM Istvan Bilek arranged grandmaster draws in all of his 10 games in 1979 in Slupsk
Northern Poland. A total of 125 moves in 109 minutes. Indeed he was never invited
again in Poland.

60.) The Belgian master Count Alberic O'Kelly de Galway competed in the 1957, 1958,
and 1959 Beverwijk international tournaments. His score over the 3 tournaments
was an amazing +1, =25, -1.

70.) The Australian women's team that competed at the 2004 Chess Olympiad at Calvia
in Spain featured three players who were making their international debuts for
Austrralia after representing another country earlier in their chess career. The 3
players were: Arianne Caoli (Philippines); Anastasia Sarokina (Belarus); and
Ingela Eriksson (Sweden).

71.) GM Boris Gulko is the only player who has won both the USA and USSR Chess
Championships.

72.) D. Van Forest (86 years old) lost to Jacques Meises (84 years old) in the Hague
1949 simultaneous chess tour. Meises quipped after the game. "Youth has triumped!"

73.) When Jose Capablanca scored 6/14 at the 1938 AVRO tournament in Holland, it was
the first time in his international tournament career that he had failed to score 50%.

74.) In October 2004, Swiss GM Viktor Korchnoi played on Board 1 for the Swiss
Team in the World Senior Team Tournament on the Isle of Man. After 4 rounds, he
then left to represent Switzerland in the "Open" Chess Olympiad at Calvia Spain.

75.) In all of the game scores that have survived, there are no examples of Andre
Philidor playing the Philidor's Defence as Black.

76.) The 36th Chess Olympiad at Calvia in Spain featured 2 teams in the men's
competition that did not represent a country. The 2 teams were: IPCA (Disabled)
Team; and IBCA (Blind) Team. The teams finished 66th (19.5 points) and 75th
(18.5 points) respectively.

77.) In 1927, Nimzovich complained to Tournament Director Maroczy that Vidmar had
just pulled out some cigars and put it on the chess table. Maroczy asked why
Nimzovich was so upset, since Vidmar has not started smoking, Nimzovich
replied, "Yes, but the threat is more imporatant than execution."

78.) At the age of 57, Hungarian master Geza Marozcy undertook a chess playing
tour of Europe. Between June 1927 and March 1928 he played 943 games in
various exhibitions, with a total score of +825, -5, =113 (93.5%).

79.) The first cable match (moves transmitted by telegraph) was between the British
Chess Club and the Manhattan Chess Club in 1895. In 1897 a cable match between
the British House of Commons and the U.S. House of Representatives resulted in
a draw.

80.) First non-European elected FIDE President. He played board 2 for the Philippines
in the 1956 Olympiad in Moscow, the 1958 Olympiad in Munich, and was the top
board for the Philippines in the 1960 Chess Olympiad. When he was elected FIDE
president in 1982 the entire FIDE staff and FIDE secretary resigned in protest. He
graduated from Brown University.

81.) Siegbert Tarrasch was one of the top four players in the world for twenty years. He
had the lamest excuse in history for losing a world championship match blamed
due to influence of sea-air.

82.) 8th World Champion Mikhail Tal was awarded a GM title without having been an IM
first. In 1973-4, he played 93 games without a loss in international competition.
He died of kidney failure.

83.) Peruvian chessplayer who got his Grandmaster title in 1977 at the age of 81. He lived
in Venice, Italy since 1923, yet represented Peru as late as 1950 in the Olympiad.

84.) When Bob Fischer was detained in Japan, Filipino fans formed a car caravan
plastered with signs calling to "Free Bobby Fischer". "He is an international
treasure!" Filipino fan Boy Pobre exclaimed.

85.) In 1962 Candidates Match in Curacao, Fischer revenged versus Tal 2-1 who was
sick and was obliged to be hospitalized. Only Bob Fischer visited Tal in the
hospital. In one occasion, Bob admitted that he did not understand Tal's irrational
sacrifices.

86.) Late GM Tony Miles was a tremendous fighter. He won over Korchnoi in 1985
Tilburg where he played most of his games laid out on a stretcher to counter a
back problem.

87.) Before he died in 1952, famous French study composer Henri Rinck requested that
a copy of his 800 page work "1414 Fins De Parties" be next to him when he was
buried. The request was complied with, and the book was tucked up under his arm.

88.) When playing with the White pieces against Edgar Colle at Budapest in 1926,
Andre Steiner accidentally knocked over his king when making his 14th move.
He replaced the king on g1, when it should have been placed on h1. Later in the
game Steiner played a combination which forced a win, but would have been
unsound with the king on h1. The error was not discovered until the game was over.
Colle protested, but the protest was turned down, and Steiner's win stood.

89.) During the 1937 Chess Olympiad Dutch player Salo Landua fell asleep at the
board after making his 11th move against Belgian player Arthur Dunkelblum.
Dunkelblum sportingly shook Landau by the arm to wake him up, and suggested
a draw, which Landau immediately accepted.

90.) Soviet GM Mark Taimanov bought a point from Matulovic for $400 at the Palma De
Mallorca Interzonal in 1970. He played more games than any other in Soviet
Championships.

91.) Tennis Chessplayers: Anand, Byrne, Capablanca, Fischer, Hort, Karpov, Keres,
Portisch, Seirawan, Spassky, Kavalek, and Browne.

92.) King of Denmark and England in the 11th century. He learned the game of chess
during a pilgrimage to Rome. The King had a Danish Earl murdered when the Earl
overturned a chessboard after the King made a bad move and tried to take it back.

93.) Capablanca once had the mayor of Havana clear a tournament room so that no
one would see him resign a game (against Marshall in 1913). He once refused to
pose with a beautiful film star, saying, "Why should I give her publicity?" Capablanca
never had a chess set at home. He died while watching a chess game at the
Manhattan Chess Club. General Batista, President of Cuba, took personal charge
of the funeral arrangements.

94.) The longest delay of a capture of a piece or pawn is 57 moves, played by Chajes-
Grunfeld, Carlsbad 1923. The game took over 15 hours and lasted 121 moves.

95.) German Richard Teichmann (1868-1925) was blind in one eye, and wore an
eye-patch when playing in tournaments. Between 1902 and 1907 he finished
5th in 7 of the 15 tournaments that he played in, which led to him being nick-
named "Richard the Fifth".

96.) Filipino Eugene Torre is Asia's 1st GM. He was once voted as one of the ten
sexiest sportsmen of the Philippines and was featured in a movie. He beat Karpov
in 1976 Manila Match.

97.) Mexico's 1st GM Carlos Torre quit serious chess at age 22 after playing only two
years professionally. He was once found running down in 5th Avenue in New York
completely nude. According to Reuben Fine, he was addicted to pineapple sundae
and consumed about 15 a day. He played against 3 world champions and had a
plus score.

98.) In the course of playing Roman Dzindzichashvili during the 1989 US Championship
Tournament, Igor Ivanov made 7 draw offers in the space of just 23 moves.

99.) The winner of the drawn 1983 Candidates quarter-final match between Vassily
Smyslov and Robert Hubner was decided by the spin of a roulette wheel.
Smyslov "won" and advanced to the Candidates semi-final.

100.) 32 of the 34 games in the 1927 World Championship Match in Buenos Aires between
Jose Capablanca and Alexander Alekhine featured the Queen's Gambit Opening.

101.) After Vitaly Tseshkovsky won the USSR championship in 1978, he finished last
in the 1979 tournament. He did the same thing nearly a decade later, winning
championship in 1986, and finishing last in 1987.

102.) Diana Lanni was one of the top 10 women chessplayer in the US. She ran away to
escape domestic turmoil. Once a drug addict, suicidal, worked as a topless dancer,
and a prostitute.

103.) Edward Lasker became a GM at the age of 75. He had degrees in Mechanical and
Electrical Engineering. He invented and patented a breast pump to extract mother's
milk.

104.) German master Friedrich Samisch lost all 13 of his games in the 1969 Linkopping
Tournament by failing to meet the time control in each game.

105.) The mutual loathing between GMs Viktor Korchnoi and Tigran Petrosian was so
bad that when the two players faced each other in a 1977 World Championship
Candidates Match, a wooden division was placed under the chess table so that
the players could not kick one another.

106.) There are 8 different ways to mate in 2 moves and 355 different ways to mate in
3 moves.

107.) There have been examples of grandmasters overlooking a checkmate in one move.
Here are some examples: Gligoric vs Book, Saltsjobaden Interzonal 1948; Smyslov
vs Florian, Moscow Budapest match 1950; Bronstein vs Gligoric, Moscow 1967.

108.) World Champion Emanuel Lasker once tried to breed pigeons for poultry shows.
He tried for many months and failed. He learned later that all pigeons were male.

109.) Patrick McKeena was on death row at the Ely State Prison in Nevada for killing
a jail cellmate after an argument over a chess game.

110.) Austrian GM Heinrich Wolf (1875-1943) had an unusual international chess career.
His 17 tournaments were spread over 2 separate periods: 1900-08 and 1922-23.

111.) Daniel Harrwitz (1823-1884) was one of the top players in the world in the 1850's.
His reputation suffered because of his habit or taking "time off" in the middle of
major matches, especially if he had just suffered a bad loss. Harrwitz took such
"vacations" in the course of his matches against Anderssen in 1848, Williams in
1853, Lowenthal in 1853, and Morphy in 1858.

112.) Jose Capablanca had an 8 year period when he did not lose a single tournament
game. After losing to Oscar Chajes in the 1916 New York Tournament, his next
loss was not until the 1924 New York tournament, when he lost to Richard Reti.

113.) German GM Roland Schmaltz is known to Internet Chess Club aficionados as
"Hawkeye". With an awesome online rating way over 3000, he is the fastest mouse
in the West.

114.) In 1928, the British Chess Federation withdrew the England team from the Hague
Chess Olympiad, in protest at the United States containing "professional"
players such as Kashdan and Steiner. There was a view that only "amateur"
players should be allowed to compete in Chess Olympiads. By the 1930's, the
distinction between "amateurs" and "professionals" was dropped, and all players
were eligible to compete.

115.) Joseph Blackburne was nicknamed "The Black Death", given to him by a comment
in the tournament book of Vienna 1873. He was known for his temper. After losing
to Steinitz in a match, he threw him out of a window. Luckily for Steinitz that they
were on the first floor.

116.) Thomas Barnes scored more wins than anyone else against Paul Morphy winning
8 games and losing 19. He went on a diet and lost 130 pounds in 10 months,
causing his death.

117.) England's Jonathan Rowson offered a draw versus 2004 FIDE Champion GM Rustam
Kasimdzhanov during 2000 Istanbul Olympiad to which the latter replied: "Let's
keep on playing..."

118.) The great American master Harry Pillsbury was employed for a short time as the
human operator of the chess automaton "Ajeeb".

119.) Akiba Rubinstein defeated Emanuel Lasker, Jose Capablanca and Alexander
Alekhine in the first game that he played against those players in tournament play.

120.) Tigran Petrosian played in 9 Chess Olympiads between 1958 and 1974, and his
only loss in that time was against German GM Robert Huebner at Skopje in 1972.
When he was later told that the incident had been shown on TV, he said, "If I had
that, I would definitely have smashed the clock." Huebner abandoned his 1971
Candidates match against Petrosian due to excessive noise in the playing hall.

121.) Arpad Elo, the originator of the rating system that bears his name, was champion
or co-champion of the American state of Wisconsin 9 times between 1935 and 1961.

122.) Russian GM Vladimir Bagirov helped train Tal and Kasparov. He died of heart
attack while playing a tournament in Finland. He just finished a move while in
time pressure and his flag fell. As both players moved to a separate board to
reconstruct the game, he collapsed and died.

123.) In the course of his brief career, Paul Morphy played in only one tournament.
This was the inaugural American Chess Congress, a 16 player knockout held in
New York in 1857. Morphy defeated Louis Paulsen in the final (+5, -1, =2).

124.) Moldovian GM Viktor Bologan, the surprise winner of the 2003 Dortmund tournament
graduated from the Moscow Sports University with a doctoral thesis on the
preparation of top level chess players.

125.) Bent Larsen played Board 1 for the Rest of the World team against the USSR
in the match played at Belgrade in 1970. Bobby Fischer played on Board 2 for
the Rest of the World.

126.) Blindfold chess was "officially" banned in the former USSR from the 1930 because
the chess authorities believed that a player's mental health could be endangered
by playing without sight of the board.

127.) Alexander Alekhine had 2 cats as pets. He named them "Chess" and "Checkmate".

128.) A FIDE International Arbiter must not only have a complete and detailed knowledge
of the laws and rules of the game, but must be able to speak one language (one of
either French, German, English, Russian, or Spanish) other than the native tounge.

129.) The Australian men's and women's teams for the Bled Olympiad (2002) secured a
sponsorship deal with the Australian pharmaceutical company Ansell. Part of the
deal was to help the company promote their "Checkmate" brand condoms.

130.) In the course of his long and distinguished career, Paul Keres defeated nine
players who were at one stage in their careers world chess champion. The nine
players were: Alexander Alekhine; Jose Capablanca; Vassily Smyslov; Max Euwe;
Tigran Petrosian; Mikhail Tal; Mikhail Botvinnik; Boris Spassky; Bobby Fischer.
When asked,"I was unlucky." KGB files show that the Soviets made him throw
games."

131.) Lennox Lewis, the former WBC Heavyweight Boxing Champion played chess
everyday while in training.

132.) The first 5 players to be given the title "Grandmaster" were Alexander Alekhine,
Jose Capablanca, Siegbert Tarrasch, Emanuel Lasker, and Frank Marshall. After
the conclusion of the 1914 St. Petersburg tournament, Czar Nicholas II of Russia
officially bestowed the title of "Grandmaster of Chess" on these 5 players.

133.) One evening during the 1922 London tournament, which featured both Capablanca
and Alekhine, both players were taken to a local theatre production. Capablanca
spent the entire evening with his eyes focused on the stage, and the pretty
actresses. Alekhine spent the entire evening analyzing games and positions on
on a pocket chess set, never once looking at the stage.

134.) Mikhail Chigorin had a bottle of brandy next to the board, which he drank from,
when he played Wilhelm Steinitz for the World Championship title in 1889 and 1892.

135.) Isidor Gunsberg is the only player who played in a World Championship match
prior to World War 2 who has never had an anthology of their best games published.
Gunsberg lost his match to Wilhelm Steinitz in 1890/91.

136.) Czech master Salo Flohr played 12 tournament games against Alexander Alekhine,
10 tournament games against Reuben Fine and 9 tournament games against
Sammy Reshevsky, and failed to record a victory in any of them.

137.) Prior to World War 2, American Frank Marshall was the only player who failed
to win any of the World Championship games that he contested. He lost to
Emanuel Lasker in 1907, with a score of +0, =7, -8. All other players who have
played matches for the World Championship prior to World War 2 recorded at
least one victory.

138.) English players Jonathan Mestel and John Nunn not only have an OTB Grandmaster
title, but also have a International Problem Solving Master title as well.

139.) In the course of his 1858 match with Paul Morphy, Adolf Anderssen as White
played 1.a3 as his opening move, scoring +1, -1, =1 from the 3 games.

140.) The English Opening was first seen in international play as far back as 1843,
when Howard Staunton used it during his match against the French player Pierre
Saint-Amant.
ChessChatter Rob Kruszynski adds the following amusing story: "I guess everyone
knows the story about Staunton's colleagues attempt to persuade him to try another
first move ? Well, for one team match they decided to fix the 'c' pawn on c2.
Staunton arrives, sits down at board 1, extends his hand with flourish and tries to
push the 'c' pawn to the barely suppressed guffaws of the rest of the team. Anyway,
it ended with the janitor being called upon and using pliers to remove the nail fixing
the c pawn. Staunton of course remained cool throughout. He did not give up 1.c4."

141.) Fr. Antonio de Valdiviesco was the Bishop of Nicaragua who was assassinated
while playing chess in his church at Leon.

142.) Soviet GM Evgeny Vasiukov played several blitz games with Bobby Fischer in
Moscow in 1956. When he met Bob in 1971, Bob was able to recite back all the
moves they played in 1956.

143.) Belive it or not! Hungarian GM Andras Adorjan patented his very own rainbow-colored
chess pieces to make the game more appealing in our visual age.

144.) When Stanley Kubrick was an aspiring film director in the 1950's, he helped fund his
early short films by being a chess "hustler" in New York, playing games for money.

145.) Jose Raul Capablanca's only appearance in the Cuban championship was when
he played in the 1901 tournament. He finished 4th, 4 points behind winner
Juan Corzo. Capablanca defeated Corzo in a match, but the Cuban title was
determined by an annual tournament, and not by match play.

146.) A6648, code name of a member of Internet Chess Club has played 300,000 games
on ICC since 1996. That's over 100 games a day, everyday of every week God sends.

147.) The National Museum of Sports in Havana, Cuba has on display the table, board,
pieces and chairs used during the 1921 World Championship match between
Jose Capablanca and Emanuel Lasker.

148.) At the age of 90, Edward Lasker took part in the telex match held between
London and New York on September 11 1976, making him one of, if not the
oldest person to compete in a major international chess event.

149.) British Chess Federation marked its centenary celebration by way of exhibition
match between Phillip Gelman (103 years old) and Jonathan Pein (5 years old) in
the grounds of Totteridge North London. Phillip's vast experience was too much
for Jonathan in 29 moves. Later Phillip felt sorry for winning against such a young
boy.

150.) GM Curt Von Bardeleben was in a habit of leaving the playing hall, allowing his
clock to run out of time rather than to resign, while his opponent waiting for him.
He commited a suicide at the age of 62 by jumping out of a window in Berlin
where he lived in poverty. He was a lawyer.

151.) English GM Julian Hodgson was unhappy with the chairs provided for the 2000
British championships, so he brought along his own armchair, which he used
for the whole tournament.

152.) Every World Championship match between 1894 and 1999 featured a player
who had a "k" in their surname. The 1894 match was between Steinitz and
Lasker, while the 1999 match was between Akopian and Khalifman. In 2000,
the Anand versus Shirov match broke the sequence.

153.) In 1964, Bobby Fischer was featured in an article for the short-lived US chess
magazine "ChessWorld". The article was called "Ten Greatest Masters in History".
Here are the 10 players Fischer named, in no particular order:
1. Paul Morphy 6. Alexander Alekhine
2. Howard Staunton 7. Jose Capablanca
3. Wilhelm Steinitz 8. Boris Spassky
4. Siegbert Tarrasch 9. Mikhail Tal
5. Mikhail Tchigorin 10. Samuel Reshevsky

154.) GM Vasily Smysov is the oldest player to have qualified for a World Championship
Candidates match. He finished second in the 1982 Palma Interzonal Tournament
at the age of 61, and went on to reach the World Championship semi-final stage.

155.) The greatest losing performance in a single tournament. At the Monte Carlo
tournament in 1903, a Colonel Moreau finished with a record +0, =0, -26. Apparently
he was a member of the organizing committee, and managed to get an invite to the
tournament. Needless to say, he wasn't invited back the following year!

156.) Buenos Aires 1960: Young Fischer lost his virginity to a lady commissioned for
the occasion by GM Evans. Asked the next day what he thought of the experience,
"Chess is better!" Fischer said.

157.) New generation of chessplayers has been denied the inspirational writing of GM
Andras Adorjan who believes that when you are black you should not dwell on
defense but conjure up a counter-attack. No boring draws --- only sizzling wins!

158.) There have only been 2 "serious" games in which 5 Queens appeared on the board
at one time: Tresling-Benima, Winschoten 1896; and Vondug-Lamprecht, Corr.,
West Germany 1972. The record for the most Queens to appear in the course of
a single game was set by the game Konopleva-Schmidke, 1963, in which 7 different
queens made an appearance at one stage or another. Black had 4 queens; to
White's 3, and won the game.

159.) "Whom do you consider the greater player in chess history, you or Kasparov?"
Fischer answered: "How can you compare me with this crook?"

160.) GM Rosendo Balinas of the Philippines was Asia's best player in 1960's. He was
six times RP champ and won USSR (Odessa) in 1976. It was the time that a
foreigner won in Russian soil. The first time was Capablanca. GM Balinas died
of liver cancer.

161.) Peter (genuine chess addict was a member of Melbourne Chess Club, was so
enamoured with the chess game that back in 1980's, he changed his surname to
Caissa (Goddess of Chess).

162.) Tigran Petrosian suffered from hearing problems, and often wore a hearing aid
when playing. In 1971, Petrosian played Robert Hubner in a Candidates match.
When the noise from the area around the playing hall got too noisy, Petrosian
turned off his hearing aid. Hubner abandoned the match because of the conditions.

163.) In 1980, Boris Spassky and Lajos Portisch drew their Candidates match
(+1, =12, -1). Portisch went through to the next round because his win was
with the Black pieces, whereas Spassky's victory was with the White pieces.

164.) In 1971, British chess enthusiast Jim Slater offered a 5,000 pound prize for the
first British player who would obtain a GM title. The money was won by Tony Miles,
who became a GM in February 1976.

165.) US President Gerald Ford declared the 9th of October 1976 "National Chess Day"
in the United States of America, "....to give special recognition to a game that
generates challenge, intellectual stimulation and enjoyment for citizens of all ages."

166.) For half of his life, Hungarian GM Andras Adorjan has been proclaiming that black
is the most beautiful color on the chessboard, "Black is ok, black is still ok, black
is ok forever."

167.) On Nov. 9, 2005, strongest Turkish GM Suat Atalik (2620) 41 year-old married
Russian WGM Ekaterina Polovnikova (2412) 21 year-old. Just after the wedding
ceremony, the two played a blitz match to decide who is the boss in their marriage.
The drawn game was broadcasted live on the Playchess.com server.

168.) Narita Airport on Jul. 13, 2004: While waiting to board a flight to Manila, Bob Fischer
was arrested with no valid passport and a scuffle ensued. Filipino GM Eugene Torre
asked Bob about his damaged teeth, "I haven't checked properly coz like Muhamad
Ali…I don't look so handsome anymore". Bob was quoted.

169.) GM Ulf Andersson was the first person to beat Karpov after Karpov became World
Champion in 1975. He is the all-time drawing GM against top-level chess at 74%
of his games.

170.) Former world champion Max Euwe was offered a position in the finals of the 11th
World Correspondence Chess Championship by the International Correspondence
Chess Federation. Euwe accepted the invitation, but died before he could
commence playing in the finals.

171.) Mikhail Tal had to withdraw after 21 rounds of the 28 round Curacao Candidates
Tournament in 1962 due to illness. While recovering in hospital, the only player
who visited him was Bobby Fischer.

172.) At the start of the Vladimir Kramnik versus Deep Fritz match in Bahrain in 2002,
it was found that the humid conditions made the chess pieces "sticky" and hard
to use. The solution to the problem was to place them in a refrigerator prior to the
start of each game.

173.) The longest game played in a world championship match was the 5th game of the
Korchnoi-Karpov match in Baguio City in 1978. The game was drawn by stalemate
after 124 moves. It is also the only World Championship match game to have ended
in stalemate as well.

174.) Frank Ross Anderson came closest to the GM title than any other player. He scored
84% in 1958 Munich Olympiad. He became ill (reaction to wrong prescription) and
was unable to play his final round. Even he had played and lost, he would have made
the final norm for GM title. He had polio and was disabled his whole life.

175.) I was a brilliant but inconsistent player whose best results were in the 1950's.
I was also a coach to Boris Spassky. My nickname was the "g7-specialist",
because of my tendency to sacrifice pieces or give mate on that square.

176.) 1924-46's World's #1 Alexander Alekhine is the only man to die while holding the world
chess crown. He was called "Ale-and-Wine" because of his drinking habits. He
married four times to women 20-30 years older than him. In 1930, he scored the
first 100% in chess olympiad, winning 9 games on board 1 for France. Only ten
people showed up for his funeral.

177.) Paul Morphy was seriously ill when he commenced play in his 1858 match with
Adolf Anderssen in Paris. He was suffering from influenza, and a doctor drained
blood from his body in an attempt to cure the condition. Anderssen sportingly
agreed to visit Morphy in his hotel, and the first game of the match was played
there. Anderssen won the game, but Morphy won the match convincingly
(+7, =2, -2).

178.) Soviet WGM Elena Akhmilovskaya eloped with American IM John Donaldson,
captain of US team, while playing in the 1988 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad in
Greece.

179.) At Hastings in 1895, Wilhelm Steinitz achieved a won position, with a forced mate
against Kurt von Bardeleben. While Steinitz was away from the board, Kurt saw
the forced mate and left Steinitz a note that simply said, "Saw it. Went home.",
then left. When Steinitz returned, he was apparently none too pleased with this
and having to demonstrate it to the spectators instead of getting to play out his
pretty win.

180.) Tigran Pertrosian's first game in a USSR championship final was a 13-move loss
to Alexander Kotov in the first round of the 1949 tournament in Moscow.

181.) In 1986, GM Georgy Agzamov was killed when he tried to take a shortcut to go
swimming in Sevastopol. He fell off in a cliff and got stuck between two rocks.
Some people heard him yell for help, but he was too deep down in the rocks. He
died before a rescue team could get to him.

182.) The only Australian player to participate in a major international tournament
between World War 1 and World War 2 was Charles Watson, who competed in
the 1922 London tournament. While he finished at the tail of the field, he did
however defeat Richard Reti in 92 moves in their game - the first victory by an
Australian player against a GM.

183.) Mir Sultan Khan was the unofficial Asia's First Grandmaster. He learned chess at
21, 2 years later, he was the champion of India. A year later, he won the British
Open. He was illiterate, unable to read and write.

184.) When Robert Hubner annotated his game against Lajos Portisch for the 1981
Tilburg International Tournament book, the game and annotations went for a full
29 pages, from pages 15 to 44. It is believed that this is the record for the longest
annotations to one game.

185.) The first blind player to compete at a Chess Olympiad was English player TH Taylor,
who played on Board 5 for the English team at the 1930 Olympiad in Hamburg.

186.) The largest round-robin tournament ever played was the 1869 New York tournament.
There were 48 competitors who played each other twice, which means 94 games
for each competitor! It seems that the tournament was abandoned before all
games were finished. The best score was by George Mackenzie, with +82, -8.

187.) Norway's first GM Simen Agdestein has represented Norway on their professional
soccer team but had to give it up due to torn ligament injury.

188.) Actor Humphrey Bogart was a life-long chess player. Prior to becoming a movie
star in Hollywood, he was a "hustler" in New York in the 1930's, taking on all
comers for 50 cents or $1 a game. In the 1940's, Bogart became a director of both
United States Chess Federation and the Californian State Chess Association.

189.) Mobile phone ringing during a match is automatic disqualification. GM Evgenij
Agrest won in 2003 versus former world champ Ruslan Ponomariov when Pono's
phone rang during their match. Ironically, Agrest lost a game in 2004 when his
phone rang. Was it Ponomariov calling?

190.) After losing to Vladimir Kramnik during the 1997 Linares tournament, Garry
Kasparov played 62 consecutive games at Linares without defeat, until he lost
to Teimor Radjabov in the 2003 tournament.

191.) The chess periodical with the longest continuing run of issues is the "British Chess
Magazine", which was first published in 1881, and is still being published today.

192.) The 2002 Bled Chess Olympiad was the first to test for drugs through a urine
sample. All 802 players passed.

193.) At the 1970 Interzonal in Buenos Aires, GM Oscar Panno was to play Fischer but
protested because he did not like the fact that Fischer was playing his last round
game at a different time than all other players due to Fischer's religious belief.
Fischer played 1.c4 for the first time in his life and waited for Panno to make his
move. Panno was out of the tournament room but returned 52 minutes late and
resigned, making it the shortest game ever played.

194.) Lee Harvey Oswald the presumed assassin of JFK was an avid chess player.
While in the Marines, he would play over four hours a day and taught dozens of
other Marines on chess.

195.) The only 3 players to have had a plus record against Bobby Fischer in international
chess were:
Dragoljub Janosevic (Yug) +1, =2, -0 (2-1)
Efim Geller (USSR) +5, =2, -3 (6-4)
Mikhail Tal (USSR) +4, =5, -2 (6.5-4.5)

196.) In 1966 at Havana Chess Olympiad, Tal was hit in the head with a bottle in a bar
and beaten up because he was flirting with someone husband's wife. He was taken
to the hospital and missed five rounds.

197.) The game between Rafael Vaganian and Rista Nicevski at Skopje on the 17th of
March 1976 is known as the "Mistake of the Century". Vaganian made a move
that overlooked the threat of an immediate Black checkmate. He resigned before
Black had the chance to play the move on the board.

198.) In 1933 at Folkestone Chess Olympiad, Combe of Scotland lost to Hasenfuss of
Latvia in 8 moves, the shortest olympiad game ever.

199.) In 1955, GM Fridrik Olafsson arrived late to participate in the Hastings Tournament
in England. No room could be found so he spent his first night in a cell in the
police station as guest.

200.) Of the 45 games played in the 1867 Dundee international tournament, only 3 games
were drawn.

201.) Daniel Yanosfky represents Canada at the 1939 Buenos Aires Chess Olympiad
at age 14. He scores 13.5/16 (+12, =3, -1) playing on Board 2.

202.) GM Aaron Nimzovich had business cards printed which read, "A. Nimzovich:
Candidate for the World Championship of Chess and Crown Prince of the Chess
World". He once broke his leg while playing chess. He twisted his leg around the
leg of his chair and then, having made his move, leaped up, only to crash to the
floor with a broken leg.

203.) In 1999, Canadian IM Nickoloff was told that he had terminal cancer (Hodgkin's
Disease) and less than 5 months to live. He survived 5 years playing chess to the
very end.

204.) Of the 120 games that were played in the 45th USSR championship tournament
at Leningrad in 1977, 80 were draws (67%). This is the highest percentage of
drawn games in any of the 58 USSR championship tournaments.

205.) In 1990, Bogdan Szetela noticed a taxi that looked like his car that had been
stolen 11 days earlier. He told a cop that the taxi was his stolen car. Cop was not
convinced until he told him that he left a chess set in the trunk before it was stolen.
The cop popped the trunk and found the chess set.

206.) When famous bank robber Willie Sutton was arrested by FBI in 1952, in his
possession was "How To Think Ahead In Chess" written by Horowitz.

207.) Wilhelm Steinitz lodged a protest about one of the chess boards used in his 1886
World Championship Match against Johannes Zukertort. He objected to the red and
white squares on the board, claiming that he was colorblind to the red color. A black
and white board was then substituted for the red and white board.

208.) The Swedish GM Ulf Andersson and the Dutch GM Gennadi Sosonko played
each other 32 times in international chess tournaments. The results of their
games were +0, -0, =32. Every one of their games was drawn.

209.) Correspondence GM Cecil Purdy died of heart attack while playing a game of
chess in Sydney. His last words were, "I have a win, but it will take some time."

210.) Argentine GM Miguel Quinteros is married to a former model from the Philippines
that he met at the 1973 Manila Interzonal. In 1979, he missed Round 1 of the
Atlantic Open in Washington D.C. because he thought the tournament was in
Atlantic City, New Jersey.

211.) During the 1978 World Championship match in Baguio City, Viktor Korchnoi
claimed that Anatoly Karpov's assistants were employing a parapsychologist named
Dr Zhuker to hypnotize him during the games. Korchnoi also claimed that the
cartons of yoghurt that Karpov was being given during the games were a "code"
to give advice on what move to play. In retaliation, Korchnoi's assistants recruited
two members of the Ananda Marga sect to sit in the playing hall and meditate, thus
permeating the air with calm thoughts.

212.) GM Erich Eliskases has beaten Capablanca and Fischer. He represented 3
different countries when playing in the FIDE Chess Olympiads, as follows:
1. Austria (1930, 1933, 1935); 2. Germany (1939) 3. Argentina (1952, 1958, 1960,
1964). He turned down to play for Brazil in Chess Olympiad.

213.) GM Larry Evans is the best blackjack player among GMs. He once gave a simul
exhibition at the insane asylum, winning 39 and losing 1. When he went to
congratulate the winner, the winner said, "You don't have to be crazy to play chess,
but it sure helps!"

214.) Prior to the introduction of mechanical chess clocks in the mid to late 19th
century, players would use sandglasses to work out how much time they could
spend on their moves.

215.) Jude Acers survived hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. Known as the man with
red beret, he once played 114 opponents simultaneously and won all 114 games
in 1966 in Louisiana State.

216.) In Canada 1971, GM Walter Browne's opponent tried to fluster him in a time
pressure scramble. The opponent's pawn was about to make it to the 8th rank and
get promoted to a Queen. Browne picked up the extra Queen and hurled it across
the tournament room.

217.) Jose Capablanca lost only one tournament or match game in his entire career
by exceeding the time limit, which was against Nikolai Riumin at the 1935
Moscow tournament.

218.) GM Keith Arkell was asked, "How short was your shortest game? He replied,
"1.d4 would you like a draw?" OK was his opponent's answer.

219.) After a slow start in the 40th USSR Championship tournament, held in Baku in
1972, Mikhail Tal picked up his form in the latter part of the tournament to win a
score of 15/21. He attributed his success to playing a session of friendly lightning
games with local masters in the foyer of the tournament hall.

220.) GM Efim Bogoljubow born in Kiev, once spent over 2 hours over his 24th move
against Steiner in 1928 Berlin…and then chose a move that lost a piece.

221.) German Professor of Mathematics (PhD) Ludwig Bledow was a chessbook
collector. When he died, he had over 14,000 books, the largest private chess
library in the world.

222.) Bobby Fischer withdrew from the US team at the 1968 Lugano Olympiad
because he was not happy with the lighting in the tournament hall. Fischer
wanted to play his games in a private room. The Olympiad organizers refused
to meet his request, and so Fischer withdrew from the tournament.

223.) Soviet GM Efim Geller is the only player to have lost 5 games in a USSR
championship tournament and still win the title. At the 22nd championship at
Moscow in 1955, Geller scored +10, -5, =4, to finish equal first with Vassily
Smyslov, whom he defeated in a play-off match.

224.) Dedicated chess GM Mikhail Tal was terribly sick in the hospital for operation,
but he keeps escaping and being found at the local chess club playing all day long.

225.) One of the largest individual CC tournaments of all time was the "Monde Illustre"
tournament, which was held between 1889 and 1892. It was won by the Austro-
Hungarian master Johann Berger with the extraordinary score of +45, =3, -0.

226.) China Emperor Wen-Ti executed 2 foreign players after learning that one of the
pieces was called Emperor. He was upset that his title Emperor could be
associated with a mere game.

227.) In 1971, chess antique dealer Trevor Stowe was charged in court in London for
indecent exhibition on display in the window. Each of the 32 pieces showed
couples in sexual positions. The dealer had to pay $132 in fines and court costs.

228.) The 12th USSR championship at Moscow in 1940 finished in a tie for first
between Bondarevsky and Lilienthal. Mikhail Botvinnik finished =5th. He
complained that the tournament had been played under very noisy conditions,
where the hubbub from the audience could be clearly heard by the players. He
was also hindered by the fact that some of his opponents smoked during games.

229.) In 1991, game between Wagner-Johnsen in Gausdal had 100 checks for white
and 41 checks for black, for a total of 141 checks in the game.

230.) Cuba's youngest GM and the 2000 World Junior Champion Bruzon Lazaro became
a GM 32 days after becoming an IM in 1999.

231.) Three of the rooms in the Stockholm Chess Club have been named after Gideon
Stahlberg, Geza Stoltz and Erik Lundin, who were the three best chess players
in Sweden in the middle part of the 20th century. They were collectively known as
the "Three Musketeers".

232.) In the chess film of silent era, main character was played by actor Vladimir Fogel
who was addicted to chess. His fiancee believes that chess is the greatest menace
to a happy domestic life and wants him to quit playing chess.

233.) Prince Andreas Dadian (1850-1910) was a Georgian prince who was an "amateur"
player as well as being a patron of the game at the turn of the 19th and 20th
centuries. He claimed to have beaten many masters, but in fact he paid these
masters to "collaborate" in producing games which the Prince won.

234.) GM Pal Benko was fined for beating a hoodlum who had thrown him into swimming
pool in front of his girlfriend. A couple of days later, he found that his victim was a
boxing champ.

235.) During the 1980 Malta Olympiad, USSR player Anatoly Karpov refused to shake
the hand of his US opponent Lev Alburt, because of Alburt's "defection" to the US.

236.) In 2001, GM Alexandru Crisan was accused of faking his ELO rating, bribing other
players for ELO points, fixing matches for his own benefit, and falsifying results.

237.) Bobby Fischer withdrew from the 1967 Interzonal Tournament in Sousse, Tunisia
because the tournament officials would not rescheduled his games, so that he
would not have to play games on the Jewish Sabbath. After staging one walkout,
and then returning, Fischer finally abandoned play after scoring 8.5/10.

238.) Jose Capablanca's book "Chess Fundamentals" features the scores of 14 games
played by Capablanca. Interestingly enough, 6 of the 14 games are Capablanca's
losses to Marshall, Rubinstein, Janowski, Znosko-Borowski, Lasker and Chajes.

239.) When Alexander Kotov and Mikhail Botvinnik played a crucial last round game
against each other at the 11th USSR Championship at Leningrad in 1939, the
crowd that wanted to watch was so large that a demonstration board was set up
outside for those spectators who couldn't get into the playing hall. The crowd
outside watching the game on the demonstration board became so large that it
brought traffic to a standstill. Botvinnik won the game and the championship.

240.) Bobby Fischer's "60 Memorable Games", considered one of the best ever game
collections published, includes the scores of 3 games that Fischer lost.

241.) Prior to the 1948 World Championship tournament, Mikhail Botvinnik did
extensive analysis on the endgame which featured Rook + Bishop pawn +
Rook pawn v Rook. He did this analysis on the grounds that he didn't deserve
to become World Champion if he didn't fully understand this tricky endgame.

242.) List of Divorced Grandmasters: Capablanca, Duchamp, Spassky, Alekhine,
Donaldson, Hartston, Karpov, Kasparov, Korchnoi, Miles, Oll, Shirov, Tal,
Tarrasch, Timman, Susan Polgar.

243.) In 1270, King Edward of England was playing against a soldier in a room with a
tiled roof. He had just left his chair when suddenly an immense rock fell on his chair.

244.) Bizarre Hostage Taking of Chess Clock: In London 1982, one of the players
complained to the arbiter that his opponent was rocking the table. The case was
settled amicably. Minutes later, the same player asked the arbiter that his
opponent making some kind of noise and threatened him of physical violence.
He demanded that his entry fee be refunded. Organizers said no. The player
picked up the clock and ran. Literally. Organizers received a call that if he didn't
get his money back, they would not see their clock again.

245.) "Teachers are all jerks!" Bobby Fischer who dropped out at age 16 (1960) at
Brooklyn Erasmus Hall Highschool (2nd oldest secondary school in the US
established in 1787).

246.) 1978 Buenos Aires Chess Olympiad: Vic Torre (brother of GM Eugene Torre) played
in board 1 for the Philippines in the 1st round and won versus Andorran player.
Ricky De Guzman on board 2 and won. Board 3 and 4 defaulted by Philippines
due to late arrival in Argentina. GM Torre, Rodriguez, Mascarinas, Bordonada (once
dubbed as Philippines' strongest contingent in Olympiad) suited after 2nd round.

247.) James Grundy needed a win in the last round to tie for 1st place at the 5th US
Congress in New York in 1880. Grundy bribed his opponent Preston Ware for $20
during the game to let Ware's advantage slip into draw so that Grundy could make
sure of the 2nd place. Ware agreed and took the money. Grundy tricked him and
played for a win which he did.

248.) In 1986 Dubai Chess Olympiad, Guatemala was represented by four brothers
with surname Juarez.

249.) GM Pentala Harikrisna's Internet Chess Club (ICC) handle is TomCruise. He
became India's youngest GM at 15 (Anand was 18 when he became a GM).

250.) Huon of Bordeaux, a romance around 1200 where a servant played chess
against a princess for her hand in marriage. If he loses, he loses his head. She
finally lets him win.

251.) For centuries, rook and bishop versus 2 knights was considered drawn… but was
found in 1991 by silicon monsters to be winning though it takes 270 moves to
materialize.

252.) In 1971, GM Robert Huebner made a mistake in his 7th game versus Petrosian.
He overlooked a winning move, became demoralized, resigned, burst into tears,
and withdrew from the match.

253.) GM Albert Horowitz survived a car crash that killed his chess partner. In 1944,
he made a spectacular move in Kansas. His opponent literally dropped dead of
heart attack.

254.) GM Gregory Kaidanov in his first week in New York was bad. His wife's luggage
was stolen. The next day, he was attacked by a gang. To make money for his
losses, he gave simuls and play in tournaments.

255.) Manual of Chess by Emanuel Lasker
hours
Chess rules and exercises = 5
Elementary endings = 5
Some openings = 10
Combination = 10
Positional play = 40
Practical play with analysis = 120

256.) Polish GM David Janowski is an addict gambler. In 1901, he won an international
tournament at Monte Carlo and lost all of his 1st place money in casino the same
day the tournament ended.

257.) Viennese master Rudolf Spielmann wrote a whole book devoted to sacrifices,
which was not surprisingly called The Art of Sacrifice in Chess. He stated
that there were two main types of sacrifices:

1) Sham - involve losses of material only for a definable amount of time; and
2) Real - amount of time required for recovering the material is not clear

Spielmann then divided real sacrifices into the following 8 categories:
1. Sacrifices for development 5. Vacating sacrifices
2. Obstructive sacrifices 6. Deflecting or decoy sacrifices
3. Preventive (anti-castling) sacrifices 7. (Castled) King's Field sacrifices
4. Line-clearance sacrifices 8. King-hunt sacrifices

258.) Iceland with only 250,000 inhabitants had 9 GMs, 7 IMs, and 16 FMs, the highest
per capita chess population in the world. It is the only country that has more GMs
than IMs.

259.) Russian master Alexander Ilyin-Genevsky who had to learn the game twice. He
was gassed, then shell-locked in World War 1. He had to learn the game all over
again starting from how each piece moved. A bullet entered his brain which caused
the memory loss. He died when Germans bombed the barge during his escape.

260.) GM Igor Ivanov's first game in the West was drawn after 14 moves, thinking his
opponent was a strong master. His opponent's rating was later found out to be 1651.

261.) Lennox Lewis, the former WBC Heavyweight Boxing Champion played chess
everyday while in training.

262.) List of very quick defeats suffered by some of the best players in the history:
6 moves Zapata-Anand, Biel 1988, 1-0
8 moves Marshall-Chigorin, Monte Carlo 1902, 1-0
10 moves Oskam-Euwe, Amsterdam 1920 1-0
10 moves Lieb-Spassky, Munich 1979, 1-0
12 moves Christiansen-Karpov, Wijk an Zee 1993, 1-0
12 moves Zukertort-Anderssen, Berlin 1865, 1-0
12 moves Keres-Menke, Correspondence 1933, 0-1
12 moves Morphy-Maurian, Springhill 1855, 0-1

263.) In 1953, GM Bent Larsen labored all night on an adjourned game to find a
winning line. He tried to get a few hours sleep. He lost the game because he
overslept and failed to appear on time.

264.) GM William Lombardy was ordained a priest in 1967 by Cardinal Spellman. He
played in 7 chess olympiads for the US. He is no longer a priest and is now married.

265.) Lionel Kieseritzky was an IM strength and a regular at the Café dela Regence who
gave lessons at 5 francs an hour. He was not well-liked. He died penniless at a
charity hospital for the insane and was buried in a pauper's grave. Only one person
came to his funeral --- a waiter at the café."

266.) WGM Jana Malypetrova married British IM William Hartston in 1970. She later
divorced him and married GM Tony Miles. She later divorced him and married
IM Robert Bellin.

267.) Lucerne Switzerland is the site of 1982 Chess Olympiad. The team of Uganda
went by mistake to Lugano Switzerland (home of the 1968 Chess Olympiad)!

268.) Joseph Blackburne (1826-88) played more chess games in his life than any other
pro chessplayers. It is estimated that Blackburne played 100,000 games in his
career.

269.) The youngest player to gain a master rating (2200) is Hikaru Nakamura in 1998
at the age 10 and 79 days. The oldest player to become a master was Oscar
Shapiro at age 74.

270.) Frank Marshall played 155 simul games in 1922 Montreal. He scored 126 wins, 21
draws, and 8 losses. A week later he was able to replay 153 games from memory.
What bothered him was forgetting the 2 games which he thought he was losing
his memory. He claimed he played at least 1 game of chess everyday for 57 years.

271.) In 1983, Roger Long and Graham Croft (bus drivers) from Bristol England played
chess non-stop for 200 hours, it appeared in Guiness Book of World Records.

272.) GM Henry Mecking protested Petrosian's table shake, stirring the coffee too loud,
rolling coin on the table, and breathing too loudly. In retaliation, he kicked back the
table and made noises of his own. Petrosian responded by turning his hearing aid off.

273.) In 1975, GM Tony Miles agreed to a draw against GM Reuben without making a
move. This was the first time a game was agreed drawn without making a move
in international event thus making it the shortest game ever played.

274.) "When you sign, you rarely place GM in front of your name. Why is that?"
Nigel Short replied, "Because there are over 1,000 GMs and I am not one of the
riff-raffs."

275.) Richard Reti defeated Capablanca in 1924 New York Tournament which was Capa's
1st defeat in 10 years. Late in his career, Reti was hit by a car and taken to hospital
to which he contracted scarlet fever which eventually killed him.

276.) In 1944, GM Viacheslav Ragozin trained with Botvinnik for the USSR Championship
with a radio going full blast in the room to accustom to a possibly noisy tournament
hall. He ended 14th out of 17 and blamed his results on the unusual quietness of
the tournament hall.

277.) In one tournament alone, German GM Friedrich Saemisch lost 13 games on time.
He once spent 45 minutes before making his first move, got in time trouble and lost.

278.) GM Akiba Rubinstein claimed he studied chess 6 hours a day, 300 days a year.
Another 60 days he spent playing in chess tournaments. The remaining 5 days he
rested. He defeated Alekhine, Lasker, and Capablanca the first time he ever played
them. He learned chess at the late age of 19.

279.) Fascinating Names of Chess Teams:
Bouncing Checks, Buenos Nochess, Chessperados, Don't Throw In The Tal,
Horsepower, If Rooks Could Kill, Lord of the Kings, Ribli's Believe it or Not,
Rook and Roll, Sleepless Knights, The Polgar Brothers, Woman on Top (all girl
team), Good Rooking Guys, Kiss My Rooks, Closet Queens, Deep Thoughtless,
Fischermen, Go Ahead Mate My Day, Pawn Shop.

280.) Nicolas Rossolimo played on 3 US Olympiad teams. He is a brown belter in judo
and was a taxi driver in New York. He died after falling down two flight stairs after
giving chess lessons late at night and was found unconscious the next moerning.
He learned chess at the age of 7 from his mother.

281.) GM Rudolf Spielmann nicknamed "The Last Knight of the King's Gambit" because
he played this opening so much. In a tournament, a spectator carelessly flicked
an ash on his pants which caused on fire. He was so absorbed with the game that
he failed to notice he was on fire and had to be rescued by onlookers.

282.) Marriage in Chessworld: GM Shirov and WGM Camilyte, GM Al-Modiahki and
GM Zhu Chen, GM Bellon and GM Cramling, GM Gulko and WGM Akhsharumova,
GM Hernandez and WGM Amura, GM Kosashvili and WGM Sofia Polgar.

283.) William Steinitz is the first recognized chess world champion. He believe he could
move chess pieces through mental telepathy. He once spit on Blackburne and
Blackbutrne hit him.

284.) IM Bernard Zuckerman who was playing in the 1975 Cleveland when a spectator
became loud. He told him to shut up. When that did not work, he hurled a captured
bishop at the spectator. Zuckerman was reprimanded for his unsportsmanlike
conduct.

285.) International Master R.G. Wade once gave a simultaneous exhibition on 30 boards
in Moscow in the year 1951, but failed to win a single game! His opponents were
schoolboys under 14 years old. At the end of the play, he had drawn 10 games
and lost the remaining 20 games in 7 hours of play.

286.) French GM Saviely Tartakower played for Poland in 6 consecutive olympiads
although he never lived there nor could speak the language. He once lost 5 games
in a row and reasoned out: 1. Toothache 2. Headache 3. Rheumatism 4. Not Feeling
Well 5. "Well, must one have to win every game?".

287.) "No chess games, Morales and Pacquaio will bring in their A-game, everything."
quoted from fabled prizefight impresario Bob Arum on Jan. 21, 2006 boxing rematch.

288.) One of the questions in a religious education exam at the Christian Highschool was:
"What does a Bishop do?" One child wrote, "Move diagonally across the board."

289.) Five-time US Women's Champion Lisa Hickey Lane withdrew in Hastings Tournament
in 1962-63 after 1 draw, 2 losses, and 1 adjourned game. Her reason: homesick
and in love.

290.) Sometime in the 1970's, Anand who was then not yet 10 year-old, came to the
Philippines with his father who had accepted a job as a consultant in the Philippine
National Railways. Anand finally stayed in the Philippines for several years during
which time Vishy Anand became fanatic in chess. His first coach was the late
Filipino National Master Victor Cabrido.

291.) The longest chess game theoritically possible is 5,949 moves.

292.) In the book "101 Of My Best Games" by GM Yates published by Moravian Chess
in 1934, confusingly there were actually 109 games on it.

293.) GM Ludek Pachman was imprisoned in Czechoslovakia after openly protesting
the Soviet occupation in 1968. He was beaten and suffered a broken skull and
backbone.

294.) The number of possible ways of playing the first 4 moves per side is 318,979,564,000.

295.) Russian GM Eddie Gufeld once lost on time in a winning position in England.
He muttered after the game, "I unluckiest Russian in England. All my life I unlucky."

296.) "Just like chess grandmasters, only weavers of words know when to resign."
Al S. Mendoza of Philippine Daily Inquirer on his Jan. 30, 2006 column.

297.) Out of 365,009 games from 1475 to 2006, based on chessgames.com game
database: White won 36.73%; Black won 26.55%; drewn games at 36.72%.

298.) Grand Maestro of Argentinean chess GM Miguel Najdorf did not want to exert
himself so he offered Ukrainian GM Boleslavsky a draw. Boles said "No."
Najdorf asked, "You want to win?" Boles said "No." Najdorf asked, "You want to
lose?" Boles said "No." Najdorf (obviously irritated) asked, "I don't understand.
What you want?" Boles said, "Play chess."

299.) The father of GM Gata Kamsky who was a former boxer created controversy as
he would often go to tournament sites and threaten anyone who he perceives
disturbing the concentration of his son.

300.) Four-time Russia's Champion GM Peter Svidler was asked, "Do you have a
message to the chess world?" He replied, "I'm not very good at messages.
Keep playing. Chess is great!"

301.) Chess in Afganistan as of January 2006: Country with 30 million people has faced
wars, earthquakes, poverty, and more. Country has 5 chessclocks, 2 FMs, and
1 2200 chessplayer.

302.) Harry Pillsbury was born in 1872. He took the chess world by storm at age 22
when he won Hastings 1895 ahead of Lasker, Steinitz, and Chigorin. He died of
syphillis at 33.

303.) 1996 Yerevan Chess Olympiad: Members of all teams were given a bottle of
"Kirsan" vodka, a jar of "Kirsan" caviar, and a "Kirsan" watch. Gift items came
from business magnate Kirsan Ilyumzhinov who eventually became FIDE President.
Some camps alleged it was plain bribery.

304.) On January 2006, GM James Plaskett won f250,000 (roughly P22.5M) in the most
popular quiz show in the history "Who Wants to be a Millionaire?" which was
viewed by 19 million British.

305.) Former British Champion Alan Phillips told me that at one event he noticed two
young players diligently continuing a game with only a King each. He advised
them the game was a draw. "Go away. Leave us to play our game in peace." was
the indignant reply of one player. (Story by Richard Furness)

306.) Scholar's Mate: 1.e4 e5 2.Qh5 Nc6 3.Bc4 d6 4.Qxf7 mate. In France, it is called
the Shepherd's mate.

307.) Paolo Boi is one of the leading players of the 16th century. In 1549, he defeated
Pope Paul III. The Pope offered to make him a Cardinal which he refused. In 1547,
he defeated Ruy Lopez at the court of King Phillip II of Spain. He died of poisoning
in Naples 1958, probably by jealous rivals.

308.) A member of a Middle East chess team tried to buy one of the girls working for
the organizers at the Buenos Aires Olympiad for one million dollars. The offer
was refused.

309.) At the Buenos Aires Olympiad, GM Hans Ree was told a joke and laughed so
hard he fell out of bed and broke his leg.

310.) Joseph Blackburne once walking round the boards during a simultaneous display,
drained his opponent's glass saying, when rebuked, "he left it en prise and I took
it en passant."

311.) Bobby Fischer once withdrew from a chess tournament because a woman was
playing in the event (she was Lisa Lane and US Woman Champion).

312.) Capablanca was never checkmated.

313.) Herman Steiner once spent 75 minutes over his second move.

314.) In 1868, George Carr played chess with a friend five miles away using a telescope
and semaphores.

315.) In 1922, Jose Capablanca played 103 opponents at once in Cleveland, drawing
one game and winning all the rest.

316.) Iran, the only country in the world that bans Chess. Ayatollah Khomeini banned the
game because "it hurts memory and may cause brain damage." He also said Chess
contributes to a war-mongering mentality.

317.) The police raided a chess tournament in Cleveland in 1973, arrested the tournament
director and confiscated the chess sets on charges of allowing gambling (cash
prizes to winners) and possesion of gambling devices (the chess sets).

318.) To accustom himself to all conditions of tournament play, Botvinnik in practice
matches would have his opponent blow smoke at him.

319.) When Napoleon died, he willed that his heart be cut out and placed inside a
chess table.

320.) The Philippine Chess Federation has a dress code for chessplayers. They have
outlawed slippers, T-shirts, and vests in their chess events. The Philippine
government was willing to pay $5 million for a Fischer-Karpov match, the second
biggest purse in sports history, and the largest one that had ever been turned
down. They were the only nation to send a team to the 1976 Olympiad in Haifa
and the "Against Israel Olympiad" in Tripoli, Libya.

321.) The most players in one tournament is 1251 at the 1985 World Open.

322.) The first child prodigy of chess was Paul Morphy. He learned the moves at 8
and beat the stongest players in New Orleans at 11. Reshevsky was taught the
moves at 4 and was able to play a blindfold game at age 8. Max Euwe learned
the game at 4 and won a tournament at 10 with a 100% score.

323.) "I must, in all frankness, favor Chess." – Newell W. Banks (Blindfold Checker
Champion of the World)

324.) A Chilean human rights lawyer arrested by the Pinochet regime was allowed to
take three books with him to prison. He chose the Bible, Plato's Dialogues and
the thickest chess book on his shelf. "I didn't know if I'd be in for a week or a
lifetime, so I looked for things that would last."

325.) 1975 Manila's Marlboro Chess Classic Tournament: IM Rosendo Balinas of the
Philippines had a winning position against Yugoslav GM Svetozar Gligoric when
suddenly GM Gligoric accepted a draw which Balinas claimed he never offered.
Afterwards, exchange of harsh words erupted and led to famous incident when
GM Polugaevsky berated Balinas for lack of respect for the GMs.

326.) In 1925, Reti played against 30 players simultaneously without watching the chess
board(blindfold). He won almost all the games. It was a world record. When he was
going home after that, he forgot a suitcase. When somebody reminded him about it,
Reti said: "Thank you very much. My memory is so bad......"

327.) Steinitz and Zukertort were once present at a dinner where a toast was proposed
to the chess champion of the world. Both players stood up in response!

328.) A book was once published in German with the title, "Advice to Spectators at
Chess Tournaments". All the pages, with one exception, were completely blank.
On this page there were only two words,"Halt's Maul!" which means "Keep Your
Mouth Shut!"

329.) In the first Chess Olympiad held in London (1927) the first victory was obtained by
the Briton Yates, who won in 21 moves against Dr. Naegeli of Switzerland.

330.) Against Bogolyubov at Hastings in 1922, Alekhine sacrificed his Queen, promoted
a pawn to Queen,sacrificed his new Queen,queened another pawn and sacrificed
his third Queen. He was preparing to advance a pawn for his fourth Queen when
Bogolyubov resigned.

331.) In an Endgame Competition in 1924, Henri Rinck won 1st prize, 2nd prize, 3rd prize,
first honorable mention, 2nd honorable mention, and 3rd honorable mention.

332.) A classical game of chess (7-hour session) saps up human energy to the same
extent as 10 rounds of boxing does, a 10kms marathon does or 2 hours of football
does.

333.) Steinitz was once misjudged to be a spy! Police authorities assumed that the
moves made by him in playing his correspondence games with Chigorin were part
of a code by means of which important war secrets could be transmitted!

334.) Perhaps the most fanatical devotee the game of chess has ever known was
Daniel Harrowitz. He wore stickpins shaped like chess pieces, chess ties and had
had chess figures embroidered on his shirts.He played at the Cafe de la Regence
morning, noon and night seven days a week! At one stage of his match with Morphy,
he pleaded illness and failed to put in an appearance. His admirers found him
resting up at the Cafe de la Regence, playing chess!

335.) The first known historical document connected with chess is an inscription on a
tablet in a pyramid at Gizeh, dating back to 3000 years before Christ!

336.) In the international tournament held at London in 1851, Mucklow won a grand
total of two games, lost eight, forfeited the rest --- and still won a prize!

337.) When Aaron Nimzowich migrated to Denmark after World War 2 he played very little
at first, apparently because he was suffering from ideas of persecution. Whenever
he visited a restaurant, he switched the cups for fear that he was being poisoned.

338.) Benjamin Franklin had so many varied interests. He was a printer, publisher,
philosopher, Postmaster-General, the inventor of lightning-rod, the rocking chair and
bi-focal spectacles, should also have been the first player and writer on chess in US.

339.) More than 10,000 women players took part in the elimination process of the
Russian Women's Chess Championship in 1936.

340.) In the interval between the second and the third encounters between Karpov and
Korchnoi, in Baguio and Meran respectively, the youngest participant in the Banja
Luka Tournament secured the top position for himself five rounds before the end.
Botvinnik declared the warning: "His name is Garry Kasparov."

341.) In 1878, Paris and Marsielles teams played a game by correspondence with the
curious conditions: Paris gave Marsielles Queen odds; in return for this advantage,
Marsielles undertook to force Paris to checkmate them!

342.) Organist Sir Walter Parratt was able to play a Beethoven Sonata at the same
that he was conducting two games of chess blindfolded!

343.) Arthur Dake took a 1500-mile airplane trip to play Alekhine, who was scheduled
to give a simultaneous exhibition. He lost in 13 seconds!

344.) Capablanca was never shown the moves or even the position of the pieces, but
at the young age of four, he beat his father the first time he played him,just 2 days
after watching him play a rather amateurish game with a friend.

345.) Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) played chess. One of his chess sets is displayed in
the Smithsonian. He did play an occasional game at the White House. One time
he was playing chess with Judge Treat. Lincoln's son, Tad, was sent by his mother
to say dinner was ready. When his father continued with his chess game, Tad
went over to the game and kicked the chess board off the table or laps of the two
players. The judge was speechless.

346.) Harry S Truman (1884-1972), 33rd U.S. President, may not have played chess,
but he mentioned chess in some of his speeches. In 1947 he said, "International
relations have traditionally been compared to a chess game in which each nation
tries to outwit and checkmate the other."

347.) Jimmy Carter (1924- ), 39th U.S. President, was a chess player. He wanted to
become a chess expert after he left the White House. He bought numerous chess
books and a computer chess program. He finally gave up on chess around 1997,
saying: "I found that I don't have any particular talent for chess. I hate to admit it,
but that's a fact."

348.) Bill Clinton (1946- ), 42nd U.S. President, played chess while at Georgetown
University. He played for the Georgetown University's chess team in 1968. He is a
supporter of the Chess-in-the-Schools program and has met with Garry Kasparov.
When Clinton contributed a President's Day recipe, his recipe was Lemon Chess Pie.

349.) In the 1930s, the California School of the Blind defeated the California School of
the Deaf. Who says you need to see the chess board?

350.) Aladdin really did exist. He was one of the strongest chess players of the 14th century.

351.) Alekhine was so hated in the Soviet Union that his name was frequently left out of
news articles and Alekhine's Defense was renamed the Moscow Defense.

352.) Colonel Alexander won the British championship in 1938 and 1956. During World
War II, he was a colonel in the British Intelligence and a code-breaker who helped
break the German Enigma code. He was prohibited from traveling to any country
under Soviet control, which limited his over the board chess play. He thus took up
correspondence chess.

353.) Perhaps the only modern king that played in chess tournaments was King Alfonso
XIII of Spain. He was king of Spain from 1886 to 1931 and participated in several
Spanish chess tournaments in the 1920s. His grandson, Juan Carlos, is now king
of Spain.

354.) In the 1930s, one chess tournament in the Soviet Union, the Trade Unions chess
championship, had over 700,000 entries.

355.) Chess was the first sport to have a national sports organization in the United States.
The American Chess Association was formed in 1857. Baseball was organized as
a national sports a few years later.

356.) In 1938 Jack Battell lost all 11 games of the Marshall Chess Club championship
and gave up tournament chess for correspondence chess. In a few years, he was
the highest rated postal player in the United States.

357.) Dr. Ossip Bernstein was one of the strongest chess players of the Ukraine, who later
became a grandmaster. However, in 1918 he was arrested in Odessa by the Cheka
and was actually line up in front of a firing squad about to be shot. As the superior
officer asked to see the list of prisoners about to be shot, he saw the name Ossip
Bernstein. He then asked if this was the famous chess player. Bernstein said yes,
that he was the famous chessplayer. The officer then challenged Bernstein in a game
of chess, and if Bernstein did not win, he would be shot. Bernstein won and proved
he was the famous chess player. Bernstein was released and escaped on a British
ship and settled in Paris.

358.) In 2004 Calvia Chess Olympiad, the USA team was made up of 6 ex-Soviet players:
Onischuk, Shabalov, Goldin, Kaidanov, Novikov, and Gulko.

359.) From 1956 to 2000, Lajos Portisch has played in 20 chess olympiads, more than
anyone else.

360.) In 2004 Calvia Chess Olympiad, a player from Papau New Guinea and a player from
Bermuda refused to submit to a urine sample to test for drugs. Their teams were
punished by points taken away. New Guinea went from 117th place to 126th place.

361.) Alekhine was famous for his eccentrics. He drank very heavily and was nicknamed
"Ale-and-Wine." In a few tournaments he was found in a field drunk. He would urinate
on the floor in other events.

362.) Nimzovich stood on his head during chess events or did exercises in the tournament
room. After losing a game, he once jumped up on the table and yelled, "Why must I
lose to this idiot."

363.) Steinitz had delusions of telephoning people without any phone. He thought he
could emit electrical currents and move chess pieces at will. He even claimed to be
in direct contact with God and occasionally beating Him at chess with pawn odds.

364.) Rubinstein was so paranoid that if a stranger came into his room, he would run or
even jump out of a window. In chess tournaments he would make a move then stand
as far away as possible from the board until his next move. During World War I, he
invested all his money in German War Bonds.

365.) Paul Morphy imagined himself persecuted by his relatives and went into a state of
seclusion. He thought his food had been poisoned or that someone was trying to
him. He had a fetish with women's shoes.

366.) William Russ was the leading American compiler of chess problems in the 19th
Century. He adopted an 11-year old girl and proposed to her when she turned 21.
When she rejected him, he shot her 4 times in the head, then shot himself twice.
She survived, he did not. His chess book, published posthumously, was entitled
American Chess Nuts.

367.) David Janowski was a great chessplayer and an addicted gambler. In one tournament
in Monte Carlo, he gave all his money to a friend and made him promise not to return
the money until after the event. However, the lure of gambling was too much and he
begged his friend to return his money. His friend refused, so Janowski sued his friend.

368.) In 1984 Bobby Fischer wrote to the editors of the Encyclopedia Judaica requesting
his name be removed from their encyclopedia. He claimed he was not a Jew and
had never been circumcised.

369.) In 2000 Fischer traveled to the Philippines and stayed with Philippine Grandmaster
Eugene Torre. Fischer may have married his girlfriend, Justine Ong. She was 22
years-old and a Chinese-Filipino. They have one daughter, Jinky Ong Fischer,
born in 2000 in Manila.

370.) Maurice Ashley of New York was the first Black grandmaster, in 1999.

371.) On Feb. 18, 2006, GM Ratmir Kholmov died at 80. Nicknamed "Central Defender"
because he was extremely tough opponent for any attacking players. He defeated
Keres, Tal, Petrosian, Spassky, Fischer, and Kasparov. His name means "brave
warrior". He lived on chess to cope up with $50 pension. He played in 17 Soviet
Championships.

372.) In the 1930's, the California School of the Blind defeated the California School of
the Deaf. Who says you need to see the chessboard?

373.) Philippines' National Hero Jose Rizal lost a chess game against Manuel Luz
because he was distracted by the beautiful Segunda Katigbak who always threw
a glance at him to lose his concentration.

374.) A tournament was held at a restaurant in Paranaque Philippines. In board 10, both
players are in panic time punching their clock strongly. The player in white color
makes an illegal move. His opponent, because of confusion, instead of calling an
Arbiter shouted…"Waiter!"

375.) A yogurt brought to Karpov during the world championship match with Korchnoi
brought a protest. A suitable choice of color or flavor could have conveyed advice.

376.) 1974 Nice Chess Olympiad: Philippines' Eugenio Torre needs a draw against
GM Robert Byrne to gain the title of First Asian Grandmaster. After exchange of
minor pieces, Torre offered Byrne a draw. The American stands up to consult
team captain GM Pal Benko. Byrne came back to his seat and pondered for few
minutes and then extended his hand to congratulate the First Asian Grandmaster
(home of 3 billion people)!!!

377.) Famous Victims of GM Eugene Torre: Karpov, Short, Topalov, Rossolimo, Ribli,
Anand, Byrne, Hort, Polugaevsky, Ljubojevic, Najdorf, Larsen, Reshevsky, Rogers,
Quinteros, Sax, Portisch, Lobron, Timman, Miles, Geller, Seirawan, Jussupow,
Beliavsky, Korchnoi, Judith Polgar, Kamsky, Lputian, Gufeld, Adianto, Sokolov.

378.) Deep Blue chess program could generate up to 200 million positions per second
and evaluating the "goodness" of each chess position. It can calculate 200 billion
moves in three minutes, the time allotted for each move. A grandmaster may be
able to calculate 500 moves in three minutes.

379.) "We are the Russians of Asian Chess." Philippine Chess Federation President
Federico Moreno was quoted after Philippines won the 3rd consecutive Asian Chess
Team Championship in the 70's. (taken from Philippines Chess Magazine Chessmate
December 2005 Issue)

380.) Anatoly Karpov, the first world champion to win the title without playing a Chess
match. He got the title in 1975 when Fischer refused to defend his title. Anatoly
became a Candidate Master at the age of 11, a Master at 15, an International
Grandmaster at 19, and World Champion at 24.

381.) Blathy, Otto (1860-1939), credited for creating the longest Chess Problem, mate in
290 moves.

382.) The first Computer program that played proper Chess was written at MIT by Alex
Bernstein in 1959. The first Chess tournament in which the only players were
Computer programs was held in New York in 1970.

383.) The first mechanical Chess Clock was invented by Thomas Wilson in 1883. Prior to
that, Sandglasses were used. Sandglasses were first used in London in 1862. The
present day push-button Clock was first perfected by Veenhoff in 1900.

384.) The word "Checkmate" in Chess comes from the Persian phrase "Shah Mat," which
means "the King is dead."

385.) The longest time recorded for a Chess player to make a move, goes to the International
Grandmaster Trois from Brazil with 2 hours and 20 minutes on the 7th move.

386.) Labourdonnais and MacDonnell played 85 games, the largest number of games ever
played successively in match conditions. Neither knew a word of the other's language.
Labourdonnais spent his time spitting, cursing, singing, and laughing. MacDonnell
spent up to an hour and a half to make a single move.

387.) The worst loss by a player was Macleod of Canada who lost 31 games in the New
York double-round robin of 1889.

388.) Mephisto Portorose, is one of the strongest commercially available Chess micro-
computers. In 1990 defeated Karpov, Huebner, and Bronstein in simultaneous
exhibitions, won the West German blitz championship, and earned an International
Master (IM) norm by scoring 7-4 in the Dortmond Open.

389.) The new Pawn move, advancing two squares on its first move instead of one, was first
introduced in Spain in 1280.

390.) In the 15th century, promotion to allow more than one Queen was considered improper
because it symbolized adultery.

391.) The first Chess game between space and earth was played on June 9, 1970 by the
Soyez-9 crew. The game ended in a draw.

392.) The Anderssen-Kolisch match in 1861 was the first time a time-limit was used. An
hour-glass gave each player 2 hours to make 24 moves.

393.) A Computer Program named Deep Thought beat an International Grand Master for the
first time in November 1988 in Long Beach, California.

394.) In one of the Chess Olympiads, Fischer had an easily won game but made a mistake,
and Najdorf was able to draw. Bobby then swept the pieces off the board in disgust,
and Najdorf merely said: "You'll never play in South America again…"

395.) When Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes Zukertort played their world championship match
in 1886, both were involved in editing chess magazines at the same time. Steinitz
was the editor of the "International Chess Magazine", while Zukertort was co-editor of
"Chess Monthly". Both players used the pages of their magazines to bicker and argue
with each other prior to the match.

396.) The first time that a large demonstration board was used to show the moves in a
world championship match was in 1883, when Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes
Zukertort played a match in New York.

397.) Victor Korchnoi's only loss at the 1970 Chess Olympiad was in Round 3 against Spain,
when Korchnoi overslept and lost on time

398.) Viswanathan Anand is the only player to have won, at the same time, all three different
tournaments (rapid, blindfold and combined) that are held at the Amber tournament in
Monaco each year. He did this in 1997, and then repeated the feat in 2005.

399.) Of the games played in World Championship matches between 1886 and 1990, the
most popular move for White was 1.d4 (364 games), followed by 1.e4 (275), 1.c4 (94),
1. Nf3 (55) and a solitary example of 1.g3.

400.) Rearranging the letters of 'Tigran Petrosian' gives:
- Resignation trap!
- Rotten as pairing.
- Is arrogant, inept.

401.) When Tigran Petrosian won the world championship in 1963 vs Botvinnik he became
the national hero of Armenia. In one interview he proudly stated that Armenian babies
coming into the world at the time of the match were being christened Tigran or Petros.
Even now there are two active International Masters by the name of Tigran Petrosian.

402.) The first brilliancy prize was awarded in New York 1876. The New York Clipper
sponsored a relatively strong event at the Café International. The café's proprietor,
M. Lieders, was an avid amateur who offered a prize of a gold cup for the most
beautiful game. It went to England's Henry Bird

403.) Nice quip attributed to Petrosian came during the 1974 Karpov-Korchnoi match.
Journalists constantly approached Petrosian in the press center and asked what
should be played. 'When I knew that, I was down on the stage, instead of up here,'
was Petrosian's reply.

404.) In 1977 Petrosian lost to Korchnoi in the quarterfinal Candidates match billed as the
"Match of Hate". That match was played behind a bulletproof screen and even had to
put a board under the table to stop the two grandmasters kicking each other.

405.) In the November 1979 issue of Chess Life & Review GM Andrew Soltis had a
discussion of favorite moves. According to him, Frank James Marshall liked Bd3/d6,
Chigorin e4/e5, Philidor c3/c6, Morphy f4/f5, Steinitz f3-f6, Bent Larsen h4/h5, Karpov
Qc1 or b1/c8 or b8, Fischer Bc4-c5, Duncan Suttles Nh3/h6, Spassky d5/d4 and
Petrosian preferred b4/b4.

406.) Philippines' Andronico Yap: This shoeshine boy turned chess expert was hired as
a board hanger during the 1979 Marlboro Tournament, but when Rico Mascarinas
failed to return on time Yap, being the strongest player amongst the tournament staff,
was asked to step in. Yap shocked the non-believers when he crushed top-rated
GM Josif Dorfman (the Soviet chess champion) and went on to score five more
wins and a draw before the final round

407.) During a tournament in 1959, There was a power outage. All the electricity went out
in the building. As you could imaging, everyone was in a state of chaos. After the
emergency crews entered the building, the tournament director noticed something
bizarre. A player was still sitting at a board, analyzing the position with total
concentration. His name was Robert "Bobby" Fischer.

408.) The Swiss system was first used for the Olympiads at the 1976 Haifa, Israel, as the
number of competing countries made it impossible to use the previous group system.

409.) The 2002 Olympiad in Bled, Slovenia, featured the unusual occurrence of 2 members
of the same family playing for 2 different teams. The Hungarian women's team
featured WGM Szidonia Vajda, while her brother, IM Levente Vajda played for the
Romanian men's team.

410.) There were only 2 occasions when the USSR chess championship final was run
using the Swiss system. The 35th USSR championship (Kharkov, 1967) was held
as a Swiss tournament with 126 players, rather than a "closed" round-robin tournament.
The "experiment" was not a success, as the Swiss format was not employed again
until the 58th and last championship (Moscow, 1991).

411.) Vasily Smysov is the oldest player to have qualified for a World Championship
Candidates match. He finished second in the 1982 Palma Interzonal tournament at
the age of 61, and went on to reach the World Championship semi-final stage.

412.) The 16th-Century Spanish player Bishop Ruy Lopez stated that no player of any skill
would ever use the English Opening (1.c4) to start a game.

413.) English Master Henry Atkins had a 20 year gap between his final two international
tournaments - Hanover (1902) and London (1922). There were also twenty years
between Bobby Fischer's two matches with Boris Spassky, in 1972 and 1992.

414.) The 1911 San Sebastian tournament was the first international tournament at which
all competitors were reimbursed for their fares and living expenses.

415.) Simpson's-in-the-strand in London was the center of London chess in the mid 19th
century. The current site now had a display of Howard Staunton memorabilia on
display, plus a small GM tournament will be held later this year, presumably to
commemorate the 200th anniversary of the birth of Staunton.

416.) 2000 Istanbul Olympiad: On the eve of important last round match versus Latvia,
Philippines' IM Idelfonso Datu was stricken with an ulcer attack and was immobilized
the whole night. Since the pairings had already been submitted, it was either drag
him to the playing hall or forfeit the game. Philippines' Board 6 Ronald Bancod
half-carried him to the tournament venue and sat him opposite IM Meijers on Board 4.
Although very pale and in cold sweat, Datu massacred the Latvian…really an inspiring
sight to behold!!!

417.) 1924 Paris Chess Olympiad: Mrs. Edith Holloway of Great Britain was the first
woman to have appeared at the Olympiads. The officially recognized Olympiads
did not enjoy participation of women until 1950.

418.) Budapest 1926 Chess Summit: Grunfeld (Austria) and young Monticelli (Italy) won
the individual event known as "1st FIDE Masters".

419.) 1927 London Chess Olympiad: Kornel Havasi, Hungarian team member failed to play
a single game out of his 8 with Black pieces. Thanks to unusual tactics of Hungarian
coaches who not only at the London Olympiad favorized Havasi setting up their team's
squad to let Havasi play most games with White pieces he earned well-deserved and
well-known nickname of The White Horse.

420.) 1928 Hague Chess Olympiad: Argentina's #4 Carlos Maderna played so badly in the
beginning of the event (0/4) that the team captain decided to sacrifice him on higher
boards (the rules allowed that at the time) to give a relief to other members of the team.
Amazingly he converted into iron-chest pittbull and scored 5½/7 beating Apsenieks,
Makarczyk, Koltanowski and Stahlberg.

421.) 1930 Hamburg Chess Olympiad: Flohr's record of 14 wins was the best pre-war
performance of sort.

422.) 1931 Prague Chess Olympiad: No player avoided a loss. This is the only such case
in the history of the Olympiads.

423.) 1933 Folkestone Chess Olympiad: It was Folkestone Olympiad where the Swedish
team applied a new variation for Black in Tarrasch line of the Queen's Gambit. The
new continuation brought many points, helping them to obtain the third place. Since
then, this variation is known in chess theory as the "Folkestone Variation".

424.) 1935 Warsaw Chess Olympiad: Arthur Dake (Darkowski) who scored so well at the
Warsaw Olympiad sailed back to America as he met Ms Helen Gierwatowski at the
ship. She had Polish ancestors as well and she was just visiting her forefather's land.
He immediately fell in love, proposed and married her soon upon their arrival in New
York. Their marriage witnesses were Marshall and Horowitz, members of the winning
Olympic team. They have been married for almost 60 years until Helen's death in 1994,
in case any of you had doubts whether this was too hasty move!

425.) 1936 Munich Chess Olympiad: Horiner of Bulgaria and Waldermann of Estonia were
the first men in the history who were officialy put in the squad and failed to play a
single game.

426.) 1937 Stockholm Chess Olympiad: Virtually every winner of both team and individual
medal won the medals of same colour. The only exception was Poland's Regedziński
who won bronze medal with Polish team and silver individual medal for his performance
at board 5.

427.) 1939 Buenos Aires Chess Olympiad: Two Janofsky brothers met for the first time in
Buenos Aires, each of them playing for different country. J. Janowski, 45, was born
in Ukraine and left for Argentina in 1919. His father stayed home and later on moved
to Canada along with his 6-month-old son Abe Janowski (English spelling: Yanofsky).
Abe became the strongest player in Canada and was named to play first board at the
Buenos Aires Olympiad. Reading the list of the participants J. Janowsky was very
surprised and was eager to meet one Abe Yanofsky from the Canadian team. He
showed the photo of his father and Abe exclaimed: "that's my father too!" They
happily embraced each other.

428.) 1950 Dubrovnik Chess Olympiad: USA was the only team that stayed undefeated.
This is only case in the history that a sole team that remained undefeated failed
to win the competition.

429.) 1952 Helsinki Chess Olympiad: Miguel Najdorf (Argentina) lost a game against
Samuel Reshevsky (USA). Najdorf's famous blunder cost him a Queen.

430.) 1954 Amsterdam Chess Olympiad: Keres' fabulous 96% was the best individual
result so far. On the contrary Jerolim for Luxembourg scored ½/17 (2.9%) making it
worst ever non-zero record. His teammate Philippe scored 0/11.

431.) 1956 Moscow Chess Olympiad: Dunkelblum was the first man to defend a title
of "King of Draws" earned in Amsterdam.

432.) 1958 Munich Chess Olympiad: In Spain versus USA match, Toran won against
Bisguier on the third board. As soon as the American master resigned Toran said
with a smile: "I am so happy, it's a nice present for my birthday!". "It's all right"
said his opponent politely - "today happens to be my birthday too"...

433.) 1960 Leipzig Chess Olympiad: Paidousis of Greece scored most points without a
win in the history of the Olympiads. His record is 13 draws and 7 losses.

434.) 1962 Varna Chess Olympiad: Milton Ioannidis' record of +0=0-20 is the worst ever
achieved by a human in the history of the Olympiads.

435.) 1964 Tel Aviv Chess Olympiad: The only Olympiad to start as late as in Novemver,
perhaps because of hot and humid climate during the summer.

436.) 1966 Havana Chess Olympiad: Mrs. Berna Carrasco, the sole woman among 300
men, was the only player to have finished without scoring a single or half of a point.
Where were the gentlemen?

437.) 1968 Lugano Chess Olympiad: Once Again the sole woman among 300 men proved
worst player of the Olympiad. Mrs. Cababe's record of 0/7 was inferior to anyone else's.

438.) 1970 Siegen Chess Olympiad: Panno drew as much as 15 games. An all-time record.

439.) 1972 Skopje Chess Olympiad: IM Savon, Soviet's 2nd reserve was the first ever
player without GM title to have appeared in Soviet Olympic team.

440.) 1974 Nice Chess Olympiad: Reussner of US Virgin Islands was the man to lose as
much as 19 games at one Olympiad making an all-time record (valid until today,
since no more than 14 games are played now one year).

441.) 1976 Haifa Chess Olympiad: Pairings were prepared concurrently by hand and by
computer programme operated by the team under direction of Mr. Philip Haley.
No discrepancies were found. However the way the teams were paired was a
subject of discussion.

442.) 1978 Buenos Aires Chess Olympiad: Mauritania reversed playing order at boards
#1 and #4 in the third round match vs Uruguay. Since they lost 0-4 over the board
they were not penalized. However more pairing discrepancies were found. By the
time of start of round one only two members of team Philippines arrived. Strangely
enough Philippines #5 and #6 were paired at board 1 and 2 respectively, leaving
the rest of the boards empty.

443.) 1978 Buenos Aires Chess Olympiad: The well-known Argentinian chess historian
Miliciades Lachaga took all the 1978 documents to complete the tournament book
from the Argentinian Chess Federation bureau just two days before huge fire
consumed their offices. Luckily everything was saved concerning the 1978 Olympiad.

444.) 1978 Buenos Aires Chess Olympiad: The team of Irani Republic applied but failed
to arrived. Too bad for them since they apparently missed their last chance to play
chess. Two months later, in January 1979 the Ayatollah Khomeini put a ban on
chess in newly established Islamic Republic of Iran.

445.) 1980 La Valetta Chess Olympiad: Team Romania came late and were artificially
paired with Malta "B" in the first round. This is the only case in the history of the
Olympiads when two countries have been given a 2-2 default not being in the state
of war at the time.

446.) 1980 La Valetta Chess Olympiad: A rare accomplishment happened at the Malta
Olympiad: all the way from the first round to the last, Hungarian men’s team was in
the lead but finally they failed to get the Gold!

447.) 1982 Lucerne Chess Olympiad: The Kenyans lost their way between Zurich and Bern
while travelling to Lucerne. They missed first two rounds of the event but the organizing
committee generously allowed them to late-join.

448.) 1982 Lucerne Chess Olympiad: The unofficial title of Miss Olympiad was almost
unanimously granted to the Mexican girl Helen Acevedo.

449.) 1982 Lucerne Chess Olympiad: The Olympiad cost as much as 3 million Swiss
Franks. Circa 250,000 moves had been made there. The average cost per move was
close to 11 frank then.

450.) 1982 Lucerne Chess Olympiad: Najeeb Mohammed Saleh of UAE, aged 12, was the
youngest of the players. Ron Blow of Guernsey, 74, was the oldest.

451.) 1984 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad: The best party was organized by the US Virgin
Islands team: it started in the evening and was over in the Hotel Capsis the next
morning. Following years the Bermuda Party earned the reputation of truly grand fiesta.

452.) 1984 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad: Ion Gudju of Romania, aged 87, was the head
of appeals committee at Thessaloniki. He participated in Paris, 1924 at the first
unofficial Chess Olympiad.

453.) 1984 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad: In a bus, on the way to the games, Boris
Spassky was introduced by a friend to one of the anonymous Olympians. When they
were about to part, Spassky's friend told the Olympian not to wash his right hand in
order to keep some of Spassky's power for his game. As a result, the chessplayer
won his next game in good style. He immediately came to Boris' friend to tell him
that his advice was absolutely correct. Now he will not wash his right hand until the
end of the Olympiad. This happened in the first rounds of the Olympiad. We believe
from that moment Boris Spassky was busy shaking hands with other chessplayers!

454.) 1984 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad: The US Virgin Islands were probably the
smallest of the federations that sent their teams to Thessaloniki. The ISV Chess
Federation had no more than 20 members at that time.

455.) 1984 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad: As much as 13 Greeks participated. 6 of them
for Greece "A", next 6 for Greece "B", but what about the last one? 19-year-old Savvas
Kyriakidis represented Zimbabwe. His parents were refugees from Cyprus and left for
Africa shortly after Turkish invasion on the North of Cyprus.

456.) 1986 Dubai Chess Olympiad: Ex-World Champion Vassily Smyslov composed a
chess problem (White to play and win) dedicated to the organizers and participants
of the 27th Olympiad. Solution: 1. g8N+! Bxg8 2. Kf6 Kh7 3. g5 d3 4. Bf4! Kh8
5. Be5 Kh7 6. Bc3 d2 7. Bxd2 Kh8 8. Bc3 Kh7 9. Bb2 Kh8 10. g6 fxg6 11. Kxg6#

457.) 1986 Dubai Chess Olympiad: The pre-tournament intention had been for a computer
suitably programmed to make the draw. To this end, the organizers had thoroughly
checked out the computer's capacity to handle up to 100 teams in one tournament -
as many as had previously contested any Olympiad - and found it adequate.
However a rush of last-minute entries had taken the number of competing teams in
the men's event up to a new record of 108. Asked to prepare the draw, the computer
flashed "overload"messages and declined to oblige. Red-faced organizers then
worked out the draw manually.

458.) 1986 Dubai Chess Olympiad: Many top GMs refused the team competition to
influence individual ELO ratings. As a compromise the chairman of the qualifications
commision issued a list of GMs who ordered their results not to be rated (the list
included Kasparov, Karpov, Yusupov, Sokolov, Spassky, Nunn, Ribli, Gheorghiu,
Seirawan, Kavalek. Among those who did not care were Portisch, Sax, Miles,
Georgiev, Speelman, Jansa, Schmidt and more)

459.) 1988 Thessaloniki Chess Olympiad: East Germany re-appeared at the Olympiads
after 16 years. Allegedly they were kept home because their chess accomplishments
proved unsuccessfull comparing to other sports disciplines.

460.) 1990 Novi Sad Chess Olympiad: The FIDE President Florencio Campomanes
retained his presidency at FIDE congress in Novi Sad. Yet with weeks to the Olympic
gong he barely escaped death as he had a car crash and the president of the Uganda
Chess Federation sitting next to him was killed. Because of neck injury he was
wearing a plaster cast during the Olympiad.

461.) 1990 Novi Sad Chess Olympiad: The Novi Sad Olympiad was the last appearance
of the Soviet Union and East Germany at the Olympiads. No regret and no remorse.

462.) 1992 Manila Chess Olympiad: Philippines, the home nation did not put all of their
strongest player in "A" team. Two strong IM were seeking for their GM norms as
members of "B" and "C" teams. Those were IM Rico Mascariñas and IM Ruben
Rodriguez respectively. Unfortunately they both failed.

463.) 1994 Moscow Chess Olympiad: Chess news has been overshadowed by reports of
crime at the streets of Moscow. Two members of team USA (both of them were
Soviet expatriates, by the way), namely Alexander Shabalov and Alex Yermolinsky
have been robbed once they left the hotel and went for a walk.

464.) 1994 Moscow Chess Olympiad: There were many complaints about the playing
conditions. One of most popular griefs was that most of the games were played at
the wooden tins instead of the classical, flat chessboards.

465.) 1994 Moscow Chess Olympiad: The junior team was allowed to play as Russia "B"
on a regular basis, since there was no rule stating they are illegible for medals.
Surprisingly for all they won bronze (and unlucky to miss more!) settling a unique
record -- two Olympic medals for one federation at the same time. Is any country
ever able to catch all of three podium places?

466.) 1996 Yerevan Chess Olympiad: Armenia "C" were allowed to join due to odd number
of participants. Nevertheless team Yemen arrived after second round to increase
number of participating nations to 113 (another odd number!). Team Armenia "C"
were not withdrawn however. As Afghanistan late-joined after 7th round (an all-time
Olympic record of latecoming) the number of teams was stabilized at even figure of 114.

467.) 1998 Elista Chess Olympiad: The Olympiad was held at the time when internet was
no more a rarity. This is why it should be noted that its WWW home page was to
our knowledge the first ever chess page attacked by the hackers. Anyone who logged
onto the web site was greeted with a black screen and a message reading "hacked
to Kasparov". There were no clues as to the origin of the hacker.

468.) 1998 Elista Chess Olympiad: The British arbiter Harry Lamb returned home immediate-
ly after coming to Elista calling the living conditions disgusting. On the other hand,
others reported the living accommodation was decent.

469.) 1998 Elista Chess Olympiad: In the beginning, there was an announcement on the
FIDE site that they would be charging for access to the games and further publication
on the internet was "prohibited". Because of many protests this had finally been
cancelled. You can now enjoy virtually all of Elista games free of charge at
www.olimpbase.org.


470.) 1998 Elista Chess Olympiad: Short before the start of the Olympiad, the body of
Ilumzhinov's critic, newspaper editor Larissa Yudina, was found with multiple stab
wounds in a pond near Chess City. Russian federal police arrested two of Ilumzhinov's
staff on suspicion of the murder. Ilumzhinov, however, denied any connection with
the murder. There was a call for a boycott of the Chess Olympiad and couple of
teams did not arrive (Denmark, Norway, Slovakia).

471.) 2000 Istanbul Chess Olympiad: A couple of minutes after all the games of round 2
had started a most unusual thing happened. An announcement was made that a
problem had developed with the computer systems monitoring the games for the live
internet transmission and everybody in the playing hall was asked to return their
pieces to the starting position and begin again.
The players reacted with a mixture of astonishment and amusement but dutifully
returned their pieces back to the start and waited for about twenty minutes until the
technicians had resolved the problem. Some of the arbiters were looking uncomfortable,
probably because they were worrying what they were going to do if anyone decided
to change their moves after the restart - there are no rules to cover this situation.
Apparently a dispute did in fact arise in one of the women's matches where there
was much whispered discussion and pointing at score sheets.

472.) 2000 Istanbul Chess Olympiad: Noteworthy firsts: for the first time ever, two women
were playing on the top seven men's teams. For Judit Polgár it was a bit of a step
down as that year she was playing on board three. However for 21-year-old Antoaneta
Stefanova to play on board six of the strong Bulgarian team was a great accomplish-
ment.

473.) 2000 Istanbul Chess Olympiad: Two teams from the Philippines came to compete.
There was "the right team" and "the wrong team". The "new" Philippines Chess
Federation was started by a Campomanes group, whereas the old established
Philippines Chess Federation was led by Art Borjal. Thanks to the support of FIDE
authorities the voting decided that the Campomanes' group was considered to be
official Philippine representation.

474.) 2002 Bled Chess Olympiad: Hosted a record number of 132 participating countries
(and two extra home teams, namely Slovenia "B" and Slovenia "C").

475.) 2002 Bled Chess Olympiad: Robert Gwaze of Zimbabwe was the second man in
history to score a perfect 100% out of 9 games at the Olympiad. The first player to
do so was the World Champion Alekhine in 1930. We are still waiting for a player
to score 10/10 or better.

476.) 2004 Calvia Chess Olympiad: An incident concerned the last round match between
between Georgia and Armenia. There were rumours about the alleged dumped match.
The teams were similar in strength, but Azmaiparashvili was missing and for some
people the games were played surprisingly weak by the Armenians. The Israeli Chess
Federation submitted the official protest against violation of fair play rules, but
apparently it left imperceptible.

477.) 2004 Calvia Chess Olympiad: The 36th Chess Olympiad ended with a bang, as the
FIDE vice president Zurab Azmaiparashvili, who tried to get the attention of the
organisers on the stage, was wrestled to the floor and dragged to jail by a group of
security agents. He had been detained for 48 hours until finally released. Azmaipa-
rashvili claims he had been a victim of a brutal attack for no reason. On the contrary,
the Spanish police claimed that he had conducted himself in a way that provoked
the ire of the organisers and the security personnel.

478.) In 2003, Florencio Campomanes, former President of FIDE and mastermind of the
idea of the Manila Olympiad, was convicted of graft and sentenced to nearly 2 years
in jail in Manila. But due to appeals and his advanced age (76) he had never actually
been put behind the bars. The court ruled that he failed to account for government
funds of $238,745 entrusted to him to run the Olympiad hosted by the Marcos regime.

479.) Mikhail Tal was the briefest world champion. He was world chess champion for 1
year and 5 days.

480.) There was only one draw in the 1889 World Championship match between Steinitz
and Chigorin. It was in the last game.

481.) In the July 1999 and the January 2000 FIDE rating list, Garry Kasparov had an Elo
rating of 2851. In 1996, Judit Polgar had an Elo rating of 2675, the highest for
any woman.

482.) Bobby Fischer had the highest performace rating of 3080 when he defeated Bent
Larsen by the score of 6-0. In 1989, Sofia Polgar had a peformance rating of over
2900 when she scored 8.5 out of 9 in an international tournament in Rome.

483.) Floyd Sarisohn is the owner of the largest chess set collection in the world. He owns
over 670 chess sets and has been collecting for over 40 years.

484.) Walter Ivans (1870-1968) of Tucson, Arizona, started playing chess at the age of 10.
He died at the age of 98. He played chess for 85 years. Walter Muir (1905-1999)
played correspondence chess for 75 years.

485.) The longest world championship match was the 1984-85 Karpov-Kasparov match.
It lasted 48 games and 159 days.

486.) Hermann Helms (1870-1963) wrote a chess column for 62 years, from 1893 to 1955,
in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle. George Kolranowski wrote a chess column for 52 years,
totalling over 19,000 chess columns.

487.) The longest running annual match in chess is the Cambridge-Oxford match. The
traditional series began in 1873. There has been 124 matches from 1873 to 2006.
Cambride is ahead in the series, 74 to 60.

488.) Emanuel Lasker was world's longest chess champion for 26 years and 337 days.

489.) The world’s most valuabe chess set in the world is the Faberge chess set, owned
by Dr. George Dean.

490.) The World Chess Federation (FIDE) estimates there are over 700 million chess
players in the world. It is estimated that there are over 200 million people who have
played chess on the Internet. It is estimated that there are 45 million chess players
in the United States. There are 7.5 million FIDE registered chess players in 160
countries.

491.) Joop J. Van Oosterom of the Netherlands is the richest chess master. He is a
billionaire. He is the 19th World Correspondence Chess Champion.

492.) In 1992, Fischer won $3,650,000 for defeating Spassky, who took home $1.35 million
in their world championship match. In 1990, Kasparov won $1.7 million for defeating
Karpov, who took home $1.3 million in their world championship match.

493.) In May 2005, the HB Global Chess Challenge was held in Minneapolis. It was the
richest open chess tournament in the history of chess, with a $500,000 prize fund.
1st place was $50,000, won by GM Zviad Izonia. There were 1,514 players in the
tournament.

494.) In London 1851, Elijah Williams took 2 hours and 30 minutes over one move. In 1980,
International Master Francisco Trois took 2 hours and 20 minutes for his 7th move
against Luis Santos at Vigo, Spain. He only had two possible moves to consider
with his knight.

495.) The Hydra supercomputer is the strongest chess computer in the world. It has an
estimated Elo rating of 3000. Tempted by a payday of $10,000 per drawn game,
GM Michael Adams took on silicon monster Hydra in a 6-game match in June 2005.
Hydra crushed Adams 5.5-0.5!

496.) Niaz Murshed won the championship of Bangladesh at the age of 12 years and 309
days. Henrique Mecking won the championship of Brazil at the age of 13. In 2000,
Humpy Koneru won the British Ladies’ Championship at the age of 13 years and 4
months. Nigel Short tied for 1st in the British championship at the age of 14. Bobby
Fischer won the U.S. Championship at the age of 14.

497.) Youngest Olympiad player. In 1986, Heidi Cueller played for the women’s Guatemala
chess team in the chess Olympiad at Dubai. She was 10 years old. In 1970, 11
year old Schermann of the Virgin Islands played at Siegen. 12 year old Kiem Tjing-
Tjin-Joe of Surinam played in the 1982 chess olympiad.

498.) Youngest player to beat a grandmaster. In 1999, David Howell, age 8, became the
youngest player to beat a grandmaster . He defeated GM John Nunn in London.
In 2002, Fabiano Caruana, age 10, defeated GM Wojtkiewicz, becoming the
youngest player to defeat a GM in the United States.

499.) FIDE Presidents
Alexander Rueb Netherlands 1924-1949
Folke Rogard Sweden 1949-1970
Max Euwe Netherlands 1970-1978
Fridrik Olafsson Iceland 1978-1982
Florencio Campomanes Philippines 1982-1995
Kirsan Ilyumzhinov Kalymkia 1995-2006

500.) Fischer Chess Clock: Aimed at eliminating time scrambles by allocating time at the
beginning of a game and adding a minute increment after each move. The clock was
patented (#4,884,255) by Fischer in 1989 and was used in the Fischer-Spassky II
match in Yugoslavia. Prior to the match, a working model had never been constructed.
A clock was made for the event in 5 days.

501.) Botched Brilliancy: Ever since Adolf Anderssen sacrificed a bishop, then both rooks
and finally his queen to mate Lionel Kieseritsky in the "Immortal Game" of 1851,
analysts have been trying to find flaws with it. More than 70 years after it was played,
Richard Reti concluded that Kieseritsky might have been able to draw - at least.
And nearly 70 years after that, Robert Hubner found numerous errors on both sides.

502.) Nobody has the right to tell a player that he's forgotten to punch his clock. A rule
violated by friends, relatives, countrymen, assistant tournament directors, etc.
Yet when Garry Kasparov failed to stop his clock after making a move in a World
Championship match, it was his opponent, Anatoly Karpov, who was criticized
for failing to alert him.

503.) In 1991, a small but strong international tournament was held on a North Sea ferry
as it traveled from Harlingen, Holland to the island of Terschelling. Each player had
fifty minutes for all his moves in each game. Viktor Korchnoi won the four-man round
robin with a score of 2.5-0.5, followed by Jan Timman and Jeroen Piket, 1.5-1.5;
and Luc Winants, 0.5-2.5

504.) Chess in a Wine Cellar: In the 1970's, Spain was renowned for a series of annual
international tournaments, including one at Montilla, the "Torneo Del Vino,"
sponsored by the Spanish wine organization Montilla-Moriles. Originally the games
were held in a wine cellar but, as Michael Stean, who earned a grandmaster norm
at one Montilla tournament, put it, "the alcoholic fumes tended to leave the players
in a drunker stupor after some three hours of play". Before the series died out, the
venue was switched to a disco and later to a hotel restaurant.

505.) Savielly Tartakower gave the first simultaneous exhibition in an airplane in 1927 but
no claim on a "championship" of the sky was made until the first day of the Pasadena
international of 1932. Two of the American entrants, Isaac Kashdan and Arthur Dake,
took off in a blimp and played a game for the title hundreds of feet above while
Alexander Alekhine, on the ground, analyzed the moves as they were relayed by radio.

506.) A 10-board "Academics versus Philistines" match, starring several grandmasters,
was held in a London Pizza Express in 1997. The Academics (all Oxford and
Cambridge graduates) won easily 6.5-3.5. The British Chess Magazine praised
organizer David Norwood for enlisting "one of the finest arrays of British chess talent
ever seen, for the prize of a pizza."

507.) On September 5, 1999, during the Wereldhaven Festival in Rotterdam, Garry
Kasparov played an exhibition game against Jan Timman in the city's port area on a
giant board using ship containers as pieces. Part of the dock became the board and
the pieces were moved by forklifts. Timman won. Kasparov called it his "heaviest"
game.

508.) During the infancy of time limits, the thought that a player should lose a game simply
because he took too long for his moves was repellent to some fans and players. The
rules for Paris 1867, one of the strongest events of the post-Morphy era, permitted
players to "buy" extra time. After they had taken an hour for their first 10 moves,
they could purchase extra time at a rate of 20 francs for each additional minute.

509.) Garry Kasparov gave his endorsement to the computer-enhanced form of competition
when he took part in an "Advanced Chess" match with Veselin Topalov in 1998.
Each player could use a computer to suggest moves and check variations. The
match was drawn 3-3. Similar events featuring top grandmasters were held in the
next few years.

510.) All-time Biggest Payoffs:
1 Bobby Fischer 1992 = $3,650,000
2 Garry Kasparov 1990 = $1,700,000
3 Garry Kasparov 1993 = $1,430,000
4 Vladimir Kramnik 2000 = $1,330,000
5 Garry Kasparov 1995 = $1,000,000
6 Anatoly Karpov 1998 = $999,680
7 Chernobyl Relief 1986 = $900,000
8 Kasparov / Karpov 1987 = $850,000
9 Deep Blue 1997 = $700,000
10 Alexander Khalifman 1999 = $660,000
11 Anatoly Karpov 1996 = $650,000
12 Viswanathan Anand 2000 = $528,000
13 Ruslan Ponomariov 2002 = $500,000
14 Anatoly Karpov 1978 = $350,000
15 Anatoly Karpov 1981 = $260,000

511.) The "Best" question was put to the readers of the popular website "The Week in Chess"
at the end of December 1999. The highest vote getters in the "Player of the Millennium"
poll were:
1 Fischer = 362 votes
2 Kasparov = 345 votes
3 Alekhine = 230 votes
4 Tal = 218 votes
5 Capablanca = 156 votes
6 Lasker = 140 votes
7 Karpov = 114 votes
8 Morphy = 91 votes
9 Botvinnik = 73 votes
10 Korchnoi = 66 votes

512.) Liu Wenzhe was the first Chinese chess master and China’s first chess player to defeat
a grandmaster. At the 1978 Olympiad in Buenos Aires, he defeated Dutch GM Jan
Donner. Since 1986 he has been the head coach of the Chinese national chess team.

513.) In 1948 Robert Wyller of Glendale, California was playing 1,001 correspondence
games at once.

514.) Zugzwang is a German word meaning obligation to move. The term is used for a
position in which whoever has the move would obtain a worse result than if it were the
opponent’s turn to play. The term was first used in a German chess magazine in 1858.

515.) Ahmed Adly is an Egyptian Grandmaster (2005). In 2003,he contracted malaria while
playing in a chess tournament in Nigeria. He then went straight from Nigeria to Greece
to participate in the World Youth Championship. Doctors discovered he had malaria
and saved him. Two of his chess-playing friends returned to Egypt and died.

516.) James Mason's real name is still a mystery.

517.) Karpov became World Champion before he became the USSR Champion.

518.) Leon Trotsky's real name was Bronstein and his father was David Bronstein. Lenin
used "Karpov" as one of his pseudonyms during his exile.

519.) The Canadian representative to an international chess event got to the tournament by
a Track and Field Club that raised money through bingo.

520.) There was no World Woman Chess Champion from 1944 to 1950.

521.) Charousek copied out by hand the gigantic "Handbuch des Schachspiels".

522.) Of the 182 games played in the 1851 London international chess tournament, only
7 games were drawn.

523.) When Wilhelm Steinitz played Adolf Anderssen in an 1870 match, all 14 games were
decisive. Steinitz won with a score of +8,-6.

524.) Jose Capablanca played approximately 13,500 games of simultaneous chess during
his career, finishing with a fantastic winning ratio of 92%.

525.) Yuri Razuvayev drew 18 of the 19 games that he played in the 52nd USSR Champion-
ship tournament at Riga in 1983. He lost the other game.

526.) Of the games played in World Championship matches between 1886 and 1990, the
most popular move for white was 1.d4 (364 games), followed by 1.e4 (275), 1.c4 (94),
1.Nf3 (55), and a solitary example of 1.g3

527.) 2006 Turin Chess Olympiad: The chess venue was the biggest in the history of
Chess Olympiad at 21,000 square meters. So huge was the venue that Indian GM
Krishna Sasikiran bought a bicycle to get him to and from The Oval.

528.) The FIDE motto is: "Gens Una Sumus" (We are one family)

529.) In June 2006, Moscow police arrested Alexander Pichushkin, a chess addict serial
killer, whom they have been tracking for half year. He is accused of 14 murders but
confessed a total of 61. Apparently the killer was trying to commit 1 murder for each
square of the chessboard. He had initially planned to commit 64 murders. He also
said there were three squares vacant, thus admitting to have killed 61. He has been
nicknamed "Crazy Chess Player".

530.) In 1978 World Championship match between Karpov and Korchnoi, no flags were
present because Korchnoi had defected from the Soviet Union and was “stateless”
and had no flag to represent. The national anthem for both players was supposed to
be played. The orchestra did not know the Soviet national anthem and played
something else. Since Korchnoi did not represent any country, the orchestra played
Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony.

531.) Oldrich Duras won 3 international tournaments and then retired at age 31. He met
and married a wealthy woman and withdrew from chess in favor of chess journalism.

532.) Early in his career, Mikhail Tal became known as the Volshebnik or "Sorcerer of
Riga" because of his miraculous escapes from apparently hopeless positions.

533.) RP Chess Team to the 2000 Istanbul Olympiad had to leave one week earlier than
scheduled because of the threat of a TRO to keep them in the Philippines. While in
Turkey they ran out of money and for their meals had to subsist on a diet of the free
bread on the restaurant tables which is customary in European countries.

554.) In 2005, a team of computers (Hydra, Deep Junior, and Fritz) beat Veselin Topalov,
Ruslan Ponomariov, and Sergey Karjakin (average rating 2681) in a match by the
score of 8.5-3.5.

555.) In 2004, Hydra defeated GM Evgeny Vladimirov with 3 wins and a draw. It then
defeated former FIDE world champion Ruslan Ponomariov (rated 2710) in a 2-game
match, winning both games.

556.) In 2003, the top chess programs were Shredder 7.04 (2810), Shredder 7.0 (2770),
Fritz 8.0 (2762), Deep Fritz 7.0 (2761), Fritz 7.0 (2742), Shredder 6.0 (2724), and
Chess Tiger 15.0 (2720).

557.) On Nov. 11-18, 2003, Kasparov played X3dFritz in New York. The match was tied 2-2.
Fritz won the 2nd game. Kasparov won the 3rd game. Games 1 and 4 were drawn.
It was the first official world chess championship in total virtual reality, played in 3-D.

558.) From Jan. 26 to Feb. 7 2003, Kasparov played Deep Junior 7 in New York. The
match ended in a draw. Kasparov won game 1. Deep Junior won game 3. The rest
of the games were drawn. This was the first time that a man/machine competition
was sanctioned by FIDE. Deep Junior took 10 years to program by Tel Aviv
programmers Amir Ban and Shay Bushinsky. It can evaluate 3 million moves a
second, and positions 15 moves deep.

559.) Jean Dufresne was on par with the best of the Berlin Pleiades but will always be
remembered for the "Evergreen" game in which he allowed Adolf Anderssen to
sacrifice everything to mate him.

560.) Kasparov lost to Fritz3 in 1994 Munich Blitz Tournament. Fritz also defeated
Anand, Short, Gelfand, and Kramnik. GM Robert Huebner refused to play it and
lost on forfeit, the first time a GM has forfeited to a computer.

561.) The Eurotel Prague Tournament featured the first person to be arrested for scalping
at chess tournament at $20 for foreigners and 500 Czech Crowns for locals. A man
with 50 tickets was arrested.

562.) In the Open Section of 2006 World Open, a 2200 player had a surprising result, starting
with 4/5. In round seven, he defeated Smirin with black in a flawless game. However,
this spectacular performance was broken up with some weird patterns. Against
Kachieshvili, he played terribly, losing a piece in 15 moves. After his game against
Israeli Ilya Smirin, he joked with the world class GM: "Grandmaster, don't you know
that doubled pawns are bad?" He was searched by TDs after round 7. They were
particularly suspicious of his omnipresent hat, but they did not find anything. He lost
his final two games, and finished on 5/9.

563.) In 2006 World Open, a scandal came about in the U2000 section, in which an alert TD
noticed a suspicious looking hearing aid. The player was called out of the tournament
hall, and the hearing aid was removed. A web address printed on it pointed TDs to a
website for small radio transmission devices. The player was forfeited and his opponent
guaranteed a share of the U2000 prize. These cases were examined after the tournament
Such stories keep conversations going. But there's a lot more to it than gossip. As
gadgets get smaller and smaller, it is more and more essential to think up adamant
ways and harsh penalties to prevent cheating before it happens.

564.) In 2006 World Open final round first board matchup, Gata Kamsky and Leonid Yudasin
drew within five minutes. Gata, playing Black, vacated the tournament hall while Yudasin
explained to spectators why he wanted a quick draw with White; Leonid had asked a
famous rabbi under what conditions was it acceptable for him to play on the Sabbath.
The rabbi responded that it was permitted if playing on the Sabbath was essential to
having a chance to win the tournament. In this case, that mandated Yudasin to play in
the three day schedule, which began on Sunday night and is traditionally the toughest
schedule. He played seven GMs in eight rounds and explained that he was so tired he
couldn't drum up the energy to go for a win against the legendary Kamsky.

565.) Grandmaster Alexander Wojtkiewicz passed away on Friday, July 14 2006, around 6 pm.
He was among the nine players tied for first in the 2006 World Open (July) and the
winner of the 2006 National Open (June). He died of liver problems at the age of 43.
Born in Poland he spent increasing amounts of time in the US and in 2002 he switched
nationalities in the rating list. A GM since 1991 he was most recently rated 2562 in July.
In spite of obvious ill health he had tied for first in the 2006 World Open.

566.) GM Alexander Shabalov rarely proposes or accepts early draws. In the 2003 US
Championship, there were eight GMs vying for first place. After 15 minutes, the stage
was almost empty. All the other contenders had drawn their games, ensuring them a
decent payday but depriving fans of exciting high-stakes chess. Shabalov's game was
the exception. In addition to the 25k he won for first place, main sponsor Erik Andersson
awarded Alex and Varuzhan $5,000 each for their fighting spirit.

567.) In 1979, while playing at a club championship in West Germany, GM Lev Alburt drove
to the police station. In fluent but accented German, he announced he wanted to
defect to the United States. After weeks of tests and interviews at the American
Embassy, he booked a plane to New York City, and has lived there ever since.

568.) GM Walter Browne has been a professional poker player since the 70's. Even before
the poker boom of the past couple years, Walter found it was easier to make a living
at cards than in chess. Despite this monetary career switch, Browne's passion for
chess has never wavered.

569.) Witty but now defunct magazine Chess Chow (1991-4), ran an article with title like
"Eat Like a Grandmaster".

570.) Conflict Philippine Chess Federation (PCF) and the National Chess Federation of the
Philippines (NCFP) federations sent teams to participate in Istanbul (by coincidence
they were on the same flight and arrived at Istanbul airport simultaneously): The PCF
sent IM Rogelio Barcenilla, IM Petronio Roca, IM Richard Bitoon, IM Enrique Paciencia,
Jayson Gonzales and Rolly Martinez. The NCFP had GM Eugene Torre, GM Joey
Antonio, GM Bong Villamayor, IM Barlo Nadera, Idel Datu and IM Ronald Bancod. The
Olympiad organizing committee recognized the “Torre team”

571.) During the 1978 World Championship match in Baguio when the Korchnoi delegation
complained about the signals between the Russian seconds and Karpov, which could
possibly be hidden in their choice of which yoghurt to send up to him. The German
arbiter treated this accusation very seriously and imposed on Karpov’s team that there
should be a fixed time for sending up yoghurt to their player – at 7:15 pm Karpov could
have blueberry yoghurt while other flavors needed a written request from him to the
arbiters. Bizarre.

572.) GM Gata Kamsky defected to the US in 1989 after a trip to New York Open that year.
GM Lev Alburt, who helped Gata defect, soon got a call from GM Gennadi Sosonko:
"You got yourself a new World Champion!" Kamsky's potential to earn the ultimate
crown nearly became actualized when he beat Kramnik in a match, qualifying him
to play Karpov for the World Championship title.

573.) Inflation was so terrible that Pal Benko was thrilled to find that the prizes for the 1946
Hungarian Chess Championship were food instead of money.

574.) In 1996 Yerevan Chess Olympiad, Lithuania's Woman board 1 Camilla Baginskaite
met American GM Alex Yermolinsky. A year after, they married and lived in US.
They are now blessed with two sons.

575.) GM Boris Gulko is one of few players to hold a plus score against Kasparov (+3,-1,=4).
Despite this or maybe because of it, Boris has a lot of respect for Kasparov.

576.) In January 2000, GM Garry Kasparov attained the highest ever ELO rating by a human
at 2851.

577.) GM Roland Schmaltz is the acknowledged world champion in bullet, or lightning
chess (1 minute for the whole game). One day, Mr. Bobby Ang asked him who gives
him the most difficulty in bullet, and his answer was GM Hristos Banikas.

578.) GM Alexander Shabalov was quoted after the death of his close friend GM Aleksander
Wojtkiewicz, "Alek was always Tal's favorite student: because of his talent and his
obvious affinity to the three required components of Tal's chess school: smoking,
drinking, and womanizing."

579.) 1935 Warsaw Chess Olympiad: Alekhine's beloved pet, a Persian cat named "Chess"
came with the World Champion to assist his appearance at the Warsaw Olympiad.
Alekhine's wife looked after the cat while Alekhine focused on playing. One day the cat,
usually leashed with a ribbon, disappeared. Alekhine was crushed and could not
concentrate on chess. The hospitable Poles posted up the news on the radio and in
the press. It quickly proved that a vagrant cat was caught by a news-boy at the corner
of the street and the boy looking for easy money sold the beautiful cat to the passer-by,
Mr. Graczyk. Once hearing the messages on the radio Graczyk felt honoured to give
the cat back to Alekhine. Of course he got his money back, as the World Champion
was very pleased to reimburse the price of the cat (20 zlotys = circa $5).

580.) 1935 Warsaw Chess Olympiad: The wide range of occupations was represented by
99 members of 20 teams who arrived to Warsaw: 22 professional chess players, 14
private business employees, 11 civil servants, 11 university students, 8 merchants,
7 journalists, 6 high school teachers, 4 engineers, 3 university professors, 2 factory
owners, 2 landlords, 1 judge, 1 doctor, 1 bank director, 1 writer, 1 painter, 1 musician,
1 farmer.

581.) 1950 Dubrovnik Chess Olympiad: Chaude de Silans was the first woman ever to appear
at the Chess Olympiads. She also won first Olympic game for unofficial feminine squad.

582.) Believe it or not! Filipino Florencio Campomanes was the only FIDE President to draw
a salary from FIDE funds.

583.) At the age of 100, Mikhail Mikhailovich enjoyed playing blitz, with or without clock,
and took a lively interests in everything going in the chess world. One year later,
he was no more.

584.) Superstitions in Chess: GM Tartakower took a most unsightly old hat with him every
tournament. He would only wear it on the day of the last round - and he would win!

585.) GM Larry Evans once said that Fischer played a session(s) of five minute chess with
Bernard Zuckerman, with Zuck getting 5 minutes to Fischers 30 seconds, and Fischer
won game after game. Zuckerman calls the story an utter crock, pointing out that he
and Fischer played at even time and rarely in public (they played occasionally at
Fischer's home). Zuckerman says that Asa Hoffmann and Mike Valvo were witnesses
when Fischer offered him money odds of 5-1 and draw odds. The result was pretty
dismaying for Bobby, as he lost two games and won one. Fischer then quit and
accused Zuckerman of hustling him, forgetting that the original offer was his own idea.

586.) Znosko-Borowsky once said he wanted to write a book: "Capablanca's Worst Moves".
Capablanca replied he wanted to do something very similar. He was working on a book
called "Znosko-Borowsky's Brilliant Moves" but still hadn't found any material...

587.) Vladimir Grigorievich Zak born 1913 was the main trainer at the Leningrad Palace of
Pioneers during the 1940's and 1950's. His most famous pupils were Boris Spassky and
Viktor Korchnoi. He headed the chess section at the Leningrad Palace for more than
a quarter century, told his youngsters to spend 12 to 16 hours analyzing each of their
games. In Roads to Perfection he urged five steps:
+ Play over the game quickly, in 15 or 20 minutes, "to awaken your thoughts."
+ Play it over in the course of an hour to "synopsize the key moments."
+ Analyze the key moments in detail over three to four hours.
+ Analyze the opening for three or four hours.
+ Play the game over once more and write annotations, taking 4 to 5 hours.

588.) In the early 1990's, GM Artur Yusupov disturbed burglars in his Moscow flat and was
shot. Lucky to survive this ordeal, he moved to Germany where he now works as a
writer and trainer. He was German Champion in 2005. At the Right Move website,
Yusupov lists these as his favorite chess books:
1 My System / Nimzowitsch
2 Candidates Tournament Zurich 1953 / Bronstein
3 Nottingham 1936 / Aljechin
4 The 300 Best Games / Aljechin
5 100 Best Games / Keres
6 My 60 Memorable Games / Fischer
7 The 300 Best Games / Smyslow
8 The Best Games / Botwinnik - 3 Volumes
9 The Best Games of Capablanca / Panov
10 The Central Play / Euwe and Kramer

589.) There was once a rumor that GM Garry Kasparov offered GM Leonid Yurtaev a lot
of money for his opening files.

590.) In 1939, GM Daniel Yanofsky played at the U.S. Open in New York. At that time, the
Open was organized in preliminaries from which you qualfied for various final sections.
Yanofsky tied for the last qualifying spot for the top section in his prelim, but lost a
tie-breaking coin flip for the spot. The coin was flipped by Tournament Director Fred
Reinfeld--who, oddly enough, did not write a book about it."

591.) Alekhine was the first great chess player to visit China in 1933. In an exhibition
played in Shanghai, he was held to two draws, one to Xie Xiashun, nick-named
"Centurian Chess King" because at 100 years old, he was a strong player in all
the three forms of chess.

592.) Xinix (computer) is responsible for one of the most comic losses in the history of
chess.It had a mate in one for around 40 moves when it was 3 queens up but
because of a programming error it preferred a long mate over an instant one.It
eventually managed to lose the game on time while 3 queens up with his opponent
having only a pawn on the board!!

593.) In the Philippines, everybody has heard of Heber Bartolome and his group
"Banyuhay". They used to perform at the Chess Center in Timog Avenue every
Friday. Did anyone of you know that when he was a struggling musician in
Olongapo he used to hustle in a street corner to help make ends meet?

594.) One of GM Patrick Wolff's proudest moments was when he participated in a
simultaneous exhibition in 1988 and, with the black pieces, forced world champion
Garry Kasparov to resign in a mere 25 moves.

595.) William Winter had a number of fine victories over some great players e.g. David
Bronstein, Aron Nimzowitsch and Milan Vidmar, but a bohemian lifestyle and
fondness for drink limited his possibilities. He passed away in London in 1957
A committee formed to support British champion William Winter's drinking habit
during the London international tournament in 1927. They raised over $300 so he
could drink and win the event. In the first three rounds he beat Reti, Nimzovich, and
Colle while intoxicated. However, he spent all the funds on booze in the first 3 days.
The Winter committee couldn't raise anymore money. Winter arrived sober for each
game after the 3rd round and lost every game.

596.) Simon Winawer fared badly at London 1883 and decided to give up chess but on his
way back to Vienna he stopped off at Nuremberg in need of a dentist and was waylaid
by the tournament organisers and was persuaded to play. The result was 1st prize
ahead of Blackburne.

597.) In a friendly match between the Dutchman GM Jeroen Piket and the Frenchman
Joel Lautier, both still young but already distinguished Grandmasters, nearly every
game saw sacrifices on both sides - yet all of them ended in draws!

598.) The abbreviation "NN" is used to signify an unknown player, usually someone who
has not yet come to prominence in the world of chess. NN stands for the Latin
Nomen Nescio' which means 'I don't know the name.'

599.) Seirawan wrote that at tournaments the young players would form long lines to play
blitz with Najdorf, who dispatched them one after another with friendly insults like
"these young guys, they read books but they don't know how to play CHESS."

600.) It says that Najdorf, a high-strung competitor, had the habit during games of asking
other grandmasters in the playing hall "How do I stand?" (technically illegal but never
mind). One day the person he asked was Boleslavsky--who just stood there and
looked bewildered, because he happened to be Najdorf's opponent that day.

601.) In Paris in 1999, at FIDE's 75th birthday celebrations, a personal representative of
Pope John Paul II, stated that his Holiness devoted 2 hours to chess everyday.

602.) In the medieval statutes of the Order of the Knights Templars, chess was stated to
be neither more nor less than the 'eight deadly sin' after the seven biblical ones!

603.) In the summer of 1922, Milan Vidmar was playing the World Champion Jose Raul
Capablanca in London, and adjourned the game in a lost position. When Vidmar
wrote down his move and sealed the envelope, Capablanca asked him if he was
really thinking of playing on. Unperturbed by this less than wholly tactful question,
Vidmar said he would analyze the position and give an answer. On the day of
resumption, Vidmar returned. He concluded that resistance was pointless and
aimed to resign the game to his opponent as soon as he arrived but Capablanca
didn't appear. Suddenly Vidmar looked at the clock and saw that Capa's flag was
going to fall in about 10 seconds, so that he, Vidmar, would be formally awarded
a win in a game he had intended to resign. He rushed to the table just when the
arbiter was about to record Capa's forfeiture, and in the nick of time knocked his
King over as a sign of surrender. The English press called this move of Vidmar's
the most splendid that had ever made in a chess game!!!

604.) In 1979 in the Championship of Wyomimg, two opponents, sitting at the board,
spoke the words "I resign" in perfect unison. One of them did so because his
position was hopeless, the other because of his pangs of conscience. Earlier in
the game, he had made a move and then immediately noticed it was a mistake.
His opponent was not around from the board and there was no arbiter nearby, so
he took the opportunity to move his piece back.
The English Chess Writer Ken Whyld, who unearthed this story, didn't give the
names of the protagonists.

605.) Back in the late 70's, US-based Filipino National Master Zaldy Ybanez, a nuclear
engineer and former varsity player of Cebu Institute of Technology, is the only
player who defeated GM Tigran Petrosian in a simultaneous exhibition in Cebu.

606.) Xylothism is a disease and psychological disorder derived from the Greek words
"xylon" for wood and "othism" for pushing. A xylothist is a derogatory description
of a chess player gone wrong.

607.) Former World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz ended up in a sanitarium. While Paul
Morphy, who is considered as one of the greatest player of all time, stopped
playing at the early age as the game was 'eating' his mental and emotional
faculties. American Champ Harry Pillsbury was a broken man who tried to throw
himself from the 4th storey window of a Philadelphia hospital where he was
being treated.

608.) Abram Rabinovich (1878-1943) was a leading Soviet chess master. He won the
Moscow championship in 1926. Sadly, he died from starvation.

609.) In 1911 at San Sebastian, Akiba Rubinstein complained of a fly which kept settling
on his forhead and breaking his concentration. After he won the tournament, the
tournament director, Jacques Mieses, took him to a leading psycho-neurologist at
Munich. The doctor examined Rubinstein and said, "My friend, you are mad. But
what does it matter? You are a chess master!" Rubinstein imagined noises in the
night: knockings on the walls. He once burst in the room next door and tried to
strangle Richard Reti, believing he was the source of these strange noises. He
spent fours years hiding in a sanitorium in Belgium during the Nazi occupation.

610.) In 1870, Joseph Blackburne he took third place at Baden-Baden, behind
Anderssen and Steinitz. During the tournament, Blackburne was arrested for being
a French spy. It was all a mistake. It turned out that Blackburne's carriage driver
was the French spy.

611.) Blackburne was still giving simultaneous exhibitions in his 70s. During a simult
exhibition at Cambridge University, the students thought they would gain the
advantage by placing a (sic) 2 bottles of whiskey near the boards. Blackburne won
all his games in record time and finished off both bottles of whiskey before the
exhibition was over.

612.) Italian Archbishop of Milan's Saint Charles Cardinal Borromeo was once censured
for the inordinate time he spent playing and practicing the game of chess. "What
would you do if you were busy playing and the world came to an end?" he was
asked one day. "Continue playing," he simply replied.

613.) In 1937, International chess master George Koltanowksi set a world record for
blindfolded chess - by defeating 34 players simultaneously without looking at any
of the boards. When he died, The New York Times reported that "Mr. Koltanowski
is survived by his wife, Leah, who never learned to play chess and often joked that
her husband could not remember to bring bread home from the grocery."

614.) The 13th child of a Talmadic scholar, Steinitz was born lucky only in chess. He
was lame, for example, and grew to barely five feet in height.

615.) In September 1940, Menachem Begin was playing chess at home with his wife when
Russian troops burst in to arrest him. As he was being dragged away, he shouted
out to Mrs. Begin - that he conceded the game.

616.) Until the 19th century, women were not welcome in chess clubs in Europe and
America. Change was slow: when women played in an international tournament for
the first time, in London in 1897, a commentator cautioned that they 'would come
under great strain lifting the leaded, wooden chess sets.

617.) In January 2004, the Russian Orthodox Church rejected a request by a young
churchgoer to label chess the "work of the devil." "Arousing games that cause
confusion, anger and irritation" (including computer games) were still banned,
however. Ironically, the Church did not rule on... computer chess.

618.) Because they were short of foreign players, the organizers of the 1965 Baku
International Chess Tournament invited Geoffrey Hosking, an Englishman studying
at Moscow University, to take part. (Hosking later learned that a Russian friend had
put his name forward on the basis of his performance in a friendly vodka-fuelled
match.) Hosking lost all twelve games and played so badly that the Tournament
Bulletin refused to publish any of the details.

619.) "Chess is not merely a game of the mind, but of the heart, the soul, and the
choppers. That's right - teeth. What dental alteration did former champ and current
loon Bobby Fischer make, to improve his chess game? He had his fillings removed,
to prevent enemy KGB radio transmissions.

620.) In the 1980s, a Yugoslavian chess master challenged twenty people to play him
simultaneously. He further offered to wear a blindfold. Having specialized in this form
of challenge, he knew that the trick was to keep each game as different as possible
so he could distinguish between them. On this occasion, however, the twenty
opponents ganged up and agreed to play the same set of pre-arranged moves.
By move five, each had played a more or less random permutation of five moves from
a set of eight possibles. Nobody can remember twenty of those.
At this stage the outstanding Yugoslavian produced his shrewdest move: he went to
the lavatory and did not return. After breaking down the door they found the window
open and footsteps in the snow leading to the railway station.

621.) A few years back [University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) chess boss
Alan] Sherman had a hotshot player - Oksana Tarassova - who also happened to be
quite attractive. Before a tough match, Tarassova decided to slip into a slinky, short
blue dress with a plunging neckline. Her opponent, as might be expected, perhaps
didn't keep his mind on the game. UMBC won."

622.) UMBC coach Igor Epstein noticed that one of the team's opponents was looking
hungry. He remembered an old trick from his days teaching chess in Russia. He got
the fattest, juiciest orange he could find, then peeled it just enough to let the
fragrance drift out. He placed it right across the board from the famished foe. Chalk
up another one for UMBC.

623.) College chess, once the domain of 20-year-old whiz kids, has a ringer problem,
players and officials say. Increasingly, the elite college teams - most notably, the
University of Maryland, Baltimore County - are prospering by offering large
scholarships to recruit grandmasters as old as 40 to represent them at tournaments.

624.) While starring opposite Sandra Bullock in Two Weeks Notice, Hugh Grant quickly
grew to appreciate his co-star's "puerile sense of humor." In fact, when filming
wrapped, Grant presented Bullock with a fitting parting gift: a chess set...
inspired by the Kama Sutra.

625.) During an exhibition in Edinburgh in 1937, chess grandmaster Charles Koltanowski,
a renowned showman and promoter, entered the Guinness Book of Records by
playing 34 boards simultaneously... while blindfolded. He won 24 outright and didn't
lose a single game.

626.) In Iceland in April, 1977, a Czechoslovakian named Vlastimil Hort played 550
opponents (201 simultaneously) and lost only 10 games over thirty hours. Hort also
set a record for most consecutive games played, in October, 1984 in Porz, Germany;
he played 663 games in 32.5 hours (often playing more than 100 simultaneously).
He won more than 80% of these contests, averaging 30 moves per game

627.) During World War II, the U.S. Navy enlisted world champion chess player Reuben
Fine to calculate - on the basis of positional probability - where enemy submarines
were most likely to surface. Years later, Fine was asked about the project's
outcome, and modestly replied: "It worked out all right."

628.) The first international sporting event after the outbreak of World War II, was a radio
chess match (the first in history) between the USA and USSR in 1945. New York
Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia made the opening move for America while Ambassador
Averill Harriman officiated the match in Moscow.

629.) During his stay in France, Benjamin Franklin frequently played chess with the
elderly Duchess of Bourbon. On one such occasion Franklin, having put her king
in checkmate, reached over and proudly snatched it from the board. "We do not
take kings so!" the shocked duchess cried. Franklin's reply? "We do in America!"

630.) Serbian chess grandmaster Maria Manakova fell in love with her ex-husband,
Yugoslavian grandmaster Miroslav Tosic, when she played against him as a
teenager: "I made a series of rash moves with my king and surrendered myself to
him," Manakova later recalled. "He liked that."
Maria Manakova posed in the nude for glossy magazines and once turned up for
a tournament dressed in a skimpy blouse and high heels.

631.) During a chess match against Luis M.C.P. Santos, in Vigo, Spain in 1980,
Francisco R. Torres Trois entered the record books after taking 2 hours and 20
minutes to make a single move. Ironically, Trois had only two possible moves
to consider!

632.) The longest game on record (between Ivan Nikolic and Goran Arsovic in Belgrade,
Yugoslavia, on February 17, 1989) took more than 20 hours to complete. After
269 moves, it ended in a draw.

633.) The doctor who wrote his official death certificate claimed that Alekhine (who
claimed to have played in German chess tournaments under duress) was murdered
by a French Resistance death squad which targeted French citizens who
collaborated with the Nazis.

634.) Fischer (with an IQ of approximately 190) earned his Grandmaster title at the
Interzonal tournament in Portoroz, Yugoslavia on September 10, 1958. He was 15
years old. Except for a match in Santa Monica in 1966, Fischer won every U.S.
tournament he ever played in. Such was his memory that Fischer was able to
memorize several minutes of dialog in a language which he had never spoken.

635.) To popularize chess on behalf of the USCF, Bisguier often visited hospitals,
colleges... and prisons. ("I was delighted to do it," he later recalled. "I was very
lucky to get so much out of chess. I tried to give something back.")

636.) Chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov, who rarely lost a match, was in the habit of
taking off his watch at the start of a contest - and putting it back on at the decisive
moment that a checkmate had become an inevitability. His opponents usually
conceded. During a tournament match in 1996, however, Kasparov put on his watch
and was dismayed to find that his opponent stubbornly insisted upon finishing the
game. The opponent in question? Deep Blue, IBM's famous supercomputer.

637.) Chess has attracted its share of misfits, chief among them the defrocked Reverend
Harold Davidson. After captaining Oxford at chess, he became the aptly-named
Rector of Stiffkey. Instead of saving young girls from sin, he saved them for himself.
Davidson was consumed by lust, and, eventually by a lion in a Skegness
amusement park.

638.) Chess has attracted its share of misfits, chief among them Claude Bloodgood,
a former Hitler Youth who killed his own mother before escaping from the State
Penitentiary during a chess match. At one time, Bloodgood had the second highest
rating in America – but only because he had somehow managed to cheat the system.

639.) In 1992, Bobby Fischer turned up in Yugoslavia for a rematch with Spassky; the
competitors proved to be well past their primes. Fischer's presence in Yugoslavia at
a time of civil war there violated an executive order; he spat publicly on the letter
warning him not to play, and a warrant was issued for his arrest."

640.) When Steinitz was asked about his chances in the tournament: He replied, "All my
opponents will have to play Steinitz, I won't."

641.) In 1939, in a game between Tartakower and the Brazilian champion, Tartakower fell
asleep. One of the ushers touched his shoulder to wake him up. Tartakower woke up
and wanted to make a move so the usher explained it wasn't his turn. Tartakower
complained: "So why did you wake me?!"

642.) In a tournament held in 1931, one of the best players at the time, who was also
Alekhine's challenger for the championship title, Bogoljubow, announced a mate in
two!!! The game ended in a draw...

643.) Siegbert Tarrasch: "In my time there are only two great chess players.
The other one is Lasker..."

644.) A persistent myth on the internet has it that Louis Paulsen once played a game in
which he captured en passant four times. Such a game does not exist - the greatest
number of en passant captures by one player in one game, is two. There are only
nine games with a total of three en passant captures, and only five with two consecutive
en passant captures by one player.


Part 5: 10 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS IN CHESS

01.) Q. What's the difference between a chess player and a highway construction worker?
A. A chess player moves every now and then.

02.) Q. What is the difference between a chess player and a couple on a blind date?
A. The chess player mates then chats….

03.) Q. What is the object of playing a gambit opening?
A. To acquire a reputation of being a dashing player at the cost of losing a game.

04.) Q. Account briefly for the popularity of the Queen Pawn Opening in matches of
a serious nature.
A. Laziness.

05.) Q. What exceptional circumstances will justify the stopping of clocks during a
tournament game?
A. "Strangling a photographer."

06.) Q. Do you prefer the queen on the board or on the bed?
A. It depends on the position. (Alexander Alekhine)

07.) Q. What was the shortest games ever played?
A. Well, in 1972 the game between Hubner and Rogoff lasted all but 1 move. The
game went: 1. c4 Draw Agreed. Gee, the game must have been tiring.

08.) Q. What was the largest simultaneous display?
A. Bjelica from Yugoslavia took on 301 players in 1982. The display lasted 9 hours.
Bjelica won 258 games, drew 36 and lost only 7. Hmm, that would have been tough.

09.) Q. What was the most trickiest chess puzzle?
A. J. Babson composed a chess puzzle in 1822. The aim was white to play and
mate in 1220 moves. It's not very surprising that few people were able to solve it.

10.) Q. What was the first computer chess program?
A. In 1958 a chess playing program written by Alex Bernstein was able to play
against a human opponent. The computer lost in 22 moves.


Part 6: 25 REALLY WEIGHTY CHESS TRIVIA

01.) Size of chess pieces used by Garry Kasparov and Jan Timman during their 1999
Rotterdam exhibition match, in feet: 20x8x8

02.) What the pieces were made from: industrial shipping containers

03.) How the pieces were moved: by forklift

04.) Longest tournament chess game ever played, in number of moves: 269
(Nikolic, I. - Arsovic, Belgrade, 1989)

05.) Most masters to compete in a single tournament: 1,251 (World Open, 1985)

06.) Number of people who will play at the same time in a chess festival in Mexico City
summer of 2002: 10,000

07.) Number of possible board positions after white's first move: 20

08.) After black's first move: 400

09.) After white's second move: 29,200

10.) After black's second move: 2,131,600

11.) Estimated number of all possible board positions: 10 followed by 40 zeros

12.) Estimated number of seconds since the solar system was formed: 10 followed
by 18 zeros

13.) Number of chess positions assessed every second by computer Deeper Blue in
its match with Garry Kasparov: 200,000,000

14.) Longest time to make a single move under modern tournament rules: 2 hours
20 minutes (Francisco R. Torres Trois, in Vigo, Spain, 1980)

15.) Most games played consecutively by one person: 663 (Vlastimil Hort, 1984)

16.) Longest chess puzzle: mate in 270

17.) Height of the king in the biggest chess set we could find for sale on the web:
43 inches

18.) Weight of the whole set, in pounds: 384

19.) Number of chess-related items for sale on Ebay at time of writing this article:
1,760

20.) Number of web pages containing the word "chess" according to altavista.com:
660,625

21.) Most opponents played by one person at the same time: 575 (Karl Podzielny, 1978)

22.) Most opponents played by one blindfolded person at the same time (record held
by the late Grandmaster George Koltanowski): 56

23.) Number of games GM Koltanowski won in hat display: 50

24.) Players registered with "FIDE", the International Chess Federation: 5,000,000

25.) People who play chess worldwide: 200,000,000


Part 7: MEN'S WORLD CHESS CHAMPIONS (Official)
01.) Steinitz Austria 1886-1894
02.) Lasker Germany 1894-1921
03.) Capablanca Cuba 1921-1927
04.) Alekhine USSR/France 1927-1935/1937-1946
05.) Euwe Holland 1935-1937
06.) Botvinnik USSR 1948-1957
07.) Smyslov USSR 1957-1958
08.) Tal USSR 1960-1961
09.) Petrosian USSR 1963-1969
10.) Spassky Russia 1969-1972
11.) Fischer USA 1972-1975
12.) Karpov Russia 1975-1985/1993-1999
13.) Kasparov Russia 1985-1993
14.) Khalifman Russia 1999-2000
15.) Anand India 2000-2002
16.) Ponomariov Ukraine 2002-2004
17.) Kasimdzhanov Uzbekistan 2004-2005
17.) Topalov Bulgaria 2005-reigning

Other Organizations:
Kasparov Russia 1995-2000 (PCA)
Kramnik Russia 2000-reigning (Braingames)
Kramnik Russia 2004-reigning (Einstein)

WOMEN'S WORLD CHESS CHAMPIONS (Official)
01.) Menchik, Vera United Kingdom 1927-1944
02.) Rudenko, Ludmilla USSR 1950-1953
03.) Bikova, Elisabeth USSR 1953-1956
04.) Rubzowa, Olga USSR 1956-1958
05.) Bikova, Elisabeth USSR 1958-1962
06.) Gaprindashvili, Nona Georgia 1962-1978
07.) Chiburdanidze, Maya Georgia 1978-1991
08.) Xie, Jun China 1991-1996
09.) Polgar, Susan Hungary 1996-1999
10.) Xie, Jun China 1999-2001
11.) Zhu, Chen China 2001-2004
12.) Stefanova, Antoaneta Bulgaria 2004-2006
13.) Xu, Yuhua China 2006-reigning

CORRESPONDENCE WORLD CHESS CHAMPIONS (Official)
01.) Cecil (C.J.S.) Purdy Australia 1950-1953
02.) Viacheslav Ragozin USSR 1956-1959
03.) A. O'Kelly de Galway Belgium 1959-1962
04.) Vladimir Zagorovsky USSR 1962-1965
05.) Hans Berliner USA 1965-1968
06.) Horst Rittner East Germany 1968-1971
07.) Jakov Estrin USSR 1972-1976
08.) Jorn Sloth Denmark 1975-1980
09.) Tonu Oim USSR (Estonia) 1977-1983
10.) Victor Palciauskas USA 1978-1984
11.) Fritz Baumbach East Germany 1981-1987
12.) Grigory Sanakoev USSR 1984-1990
13.) Mikhail Umansky Russia 1989-1998
14.) Tonu Oim USSR (Estonia) 1994-1999
15.) Gert Timmerman Netherlands 1996-2002


Part 8: 64 CHESS COMMANDMENTS

01.) Develop your pieces quickly.

02.) Control the center.

03.) Try to put your pieces on squares that give them maximum space.

04.) Try to develop your knights towards the center.

05.) A knight on the rim is dim.

06.) Don't take unnecessary chances.

07.) Play aggressive.

08.) Calculate forced moves first.

09.) Always ask yourself, "Can he put me in check or win a piece?"

10.) Have a plan. Every move should have a purpose.

11.) Assume your opponent's move is his best move.

12.) Ask yourself, "Why did he move there?" after each opponent move.

13.) Play for the initiative and controlling the board.

14.) If you must lose a piece, get something for it if you can.

15.) When behind, exchange pawns. When ahead, exchange pieces.

16.) If you're losing, don't give up fighting. Look for counterplay.

17.) Don't play unsound moves unless you are losing badly.

18.) Don't sacrifice a piece without good reason.

19.) If you are in doubt of an opponent's sacrifice, accept it.

20.) Attack with more that just one or two pieces.

21.) Do not make careless pawn moves. They cannot move back.

22.) Do not block in your bishops.

23.) Bishops of opposite colors have the greatest chance of drawing.

24.) Try not to move the same piece twice or more times in a row.

25.) Exchange pieces if it helps your development.

26.) Don't bring your queen out early.

27.) Castle soon to protect your king and develop your rook.

28.) Develop rooks to open files.

29.) Put rooks behind passed pawns.

30.) Study rook endgames. They are the most common and most complicated.

31.) Don't let your king get caught in the center.

32.) Don't castle if it brings your king into greater danger from attack.

33.) After castling, keep a good pawn formation around your king.

34.) If you only have one bishop, put your pawns on its opposite color.

35.) Trade pawns pieces when ahead in material or when under attack.

36.) If cramped, free your game by exchanging material.

37.) If your opponent is cramped, don't let him get any freeing exchanges.

38.) Study openings you are comfortable with.

39.) Play over entire games, not just the opening.

40.) Blitz chess is helpful in recognizing chess patterns. Play often.

41.) Study annotated games and try to guess each move.

42.) Stick with just a few openings with white, and a few openings with black.

43.) Record your games and go over them, especially the games you lost.

44.) Show your games to higher rated opponents and get feedback from them.

45.) Use chess computers and databases to help you study and play more.

46.) Everyone blunders. The champions just blunder less often.

47.) When it is not your move, look for tactics and combinations.

48.) Try to double rooks or double rook and queen on open files.

49.) Always ask yourself, "Does my next move overlook something simple?"

50.) Don't make your own plans without the exclusion of the opponent's threat.

51.) Watch out for captures by retreat of an opponent's piece.

52.) Do not focus on one sector of the board. View the whole board.

53.) Write down your move first before making that move if it helps.

54.) Try to solve chess puzzles with diagrams from books and magazines.

55.) It is less likely that an opponent is prepared for off-beat openings.

56.) Recognize transposition of moves from main-line play.

57.) Watch your time and avoid time trouble.

58.) Bishops are worth more than knights except when they are pinned in.

59.) A knight works better with a bishop than another knight.

60.) It is usually a good idea to trade down into a pawn up endgame.

61.) Have confidence in your game.

62.) Play in as many rated events as you can.

63.) Try not to look at your opponent's rating until after the game.

64.) Always play for a win.


Part 9: 10 CONTROVERSIAL CHESS GAMES

01.) Here is some more information on Horatio Caro (1862-1920): Although born in
England, Caro spent his entire life in Germany. He was a minor master, playing
in German national events. He lost matches to Mieses and Winawer, drew twice
with von Bardeleben, and lost to Lewitt. He also edited a publication called
"Bruderschraft". In 1886 he published the analysis of the Caro-Kann that he had
done with Vienna player Marcus Kann (1820-1886). The only game of Caro's that
is well known is a 14 move win over Emanuel Lasker in Berlin in 1890.

Caro,H - Lasker,E
Berlin, 14.06.1890
1.Nf3 d5 2.d4 Bf5 3.c4 c6 4.Qb3 Qc8 5.cxd5 cxd5 6.Nc3 e6 7.Bf4 a6 8.Na4
Ra7 9.Nb6 Qd8 10.Bxb8 Qxb8 11.Qa4+ Ke7 12.Rc1 g5 13.Ne5 Nh6 14.Nc8+ 1-0

02.) The game between Milkhail Botvinnik and Svetozar Gligoric from the 1956 Moscow
Olympiad features one of the most unusual "king hunts" ever seen in international
chess. Gligoric's king travels all the way from e8 to b2 without Botvinnik giving one
check during the journey. Most King hunts feature sacrifices, checks, and forced
moves.

Botvinnik,M - Gligoric,S [A37]
Moscow ol (Men) fin-A Moscow (10), 1956
1.c4 g6 2.g3 c5 3.Bg2 Bg7 4.Nc3 Nc6 5.Nf3 Nh6 6.h4 d6 7.d3 Rb8 8.h5 Bd7
9.Bxh6 Bxh6 10.hxg6 hxg6 11.Qc1 Bg7 12.Rxh8+ Bxh8 13.Qh6 Bxc3+ 14.bxc3 e6
15.Ng5 Ke7 16.Kd2 Be8 17.Qg7 Kd7 18.f4 Qe7 19.Rh1 Nd8 20.Ne4 Kc7 21.Rh8
Bc6 22.Nf6 Kb6 23.Bxc6 Nxc6 24.Rh7 Nd8 25.Qxg6 Ka6 26.a4 Ka5 27.Qg5 Kxa4
28.Rh1 Kb3 29.Qh4 Kb2 30.g4 1-0

03.) When playing with Black pieces against Efim Bogulyubov at Hastings in 1922,
Alexander Alekhine "passively" sacrificed his queen on move 31, queened two
pawns on move 33 and 49, and was on his way to queening a third pawn when
Boguljubow resigned on move 53:

Bogoljubow,E - Alekhine,A [A90]
Hastings Six Masters Hastings, 1922
1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Bb4+ 5.Bd2 Bxd2+ 6.Nxd2 Nc6 7.Ngf3 0-0
8.0-0 d6 9.Qb3 Kh8 10.Qc3 e5 11.e3 a5 12.b3 Qe8 13.a3 Qh5 14.h4 Ng4 15.Ng5
Bd7 16.f3 Nf6 17.f4 e4 18.Rfd1 h6 19.Nh3 d5 20.Nf1 Ne7 21.a4 Nc6 22.Rd2
Nb4 23.Bh1 Qe8 24.Rg2 dxc4 25.bxc4 Bxa4 26.Nf2 Bd7 27.Nd2 b5 28.Nd1 Nd3
29.Rxa5 b4 30.Rxa8 bxc3 31.Rxe8 c2 32.Rxf8+ Kh7 33.Nf2 c1Q+ 34.Nf1 Ne1
35.Rh2 Qxc4 36.Rb8 Bb5 37.Rxb5 Qxb5 38.g4 Nf3+ 39.Bxf3 exf3 40.gxf5 Qe2
41.d5 Kg8 42.h5 Kh7 43.e4 Nxe4 44.Nxe4 Qxe4 45.d6 cxd6 46.f6 gxf6 47.Rd2
Qe2 48.Rxe2 fxe2 49.Kf2 exf1Q+ 50.Kxf1 Kg7 51.Kf2 Kf7 52.Ke3 Ke6 53.Ke4
d5+ 0-1

04.) At the 1962 Stockholm Interzonal, Istvan Bilek lost on time against Bobby
Fischer when his flag fell when making his 27th move. Incredibly, while Bilek
had used 2 and a half hours for his 27 moves, Fischer had used only around
10 minutes for his moves in the game. Small wonder that Bilek took so much
time - Fischer played the notoriously complicated poisoned pawn variation of
the Sicilian defence. Fischer was renowned as connoisseur of this system
and was probably still following his home preparation when the game ended.

Bilek,I - Fischer,R [B97]
Stockholm Interzonal Stockholm (5), 03.02.1962
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2
Qxb2 9.Rb1 Qa3 10.e5 dxe5 11.fxe5 Nfd7 12.Bc4 Be7 13.Bxe6 0-0 14.0-0 Bxg5
15.Qxg5 h6 16.Qh4 Qxc3 17.Rxf7 Rxf7 18.Qd8+ Nf8 19.Bxf7+ Kxf7 20.Rf1+ Kg6
21.Rxf8 Bd7 22.Nf3 Qe3+ 23.Kh1 Qc1+ 24.Ng1 Qxc2 25.Rg8 Qf2 26.Rf8 Qxa2
27.Rf3 Kh7 0-1

05.) The game Filipowicz-Smederavoc, Polanica Zdroj 1966 is drawn after 69 moves,
with all 32 pieces still on the board. White claimed a draw under the 50 move rule.
For over 30 years, this game held the record for the longest tournament game
played without a capture. For the curious, here is the game.

Filipowicz,A - Smederevac,P [C00]
Rubinstein Mem 04th Polanica Zdroj (14), 1966
1.e4 e6 2.d3 Ne7 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nbc6 5.Be3 b6 6.Ne2 d5 7.0-0 d4 8.Bc1
g6 9.Nd2 Bg7 10.f4 f5 11.a3 0-0 12.e5 a5 13.a4 Ba6 14.b3 Rb8 15.Nc4
Qc7 16.Kh1 Nd5 17.Bd2 Rfd8 18.Ng1 Bf8 19.Nf3 Be7 20.h4 h5 21.Qe2
Ncb4 22.Rfc1 Bb7 23.Kh2 Bc6 24.Na3 Ra8 25.Qe1 Rdb8 26.Qg1 Qb7 27.Qf1
Kg7 28.Qh1 Qd7 29.Ne1 Ra7 30.Nf3 Rba8 31.Ne1 Bd8 32.Nf3 Rb8 33.Ne1
Bc7 34.Nf3 Rh8 35.Ng5 Bd8 36.Nf3 Be7 37.Qg1 Bb7 38.Nb5 Raa8 39.Na3
Ba6 40.Qf1 Rab8 41.Nc4 Bd8 42.Qd1 Ne7 43.Nd6 Bc7 44.Qe2 Ng8 45.Ng5
Nh6 46.Bf3 Bd8 47.Nh3 Ng4+ 48.Kg1 Be7 49.Nc4 Nd5 50.Nf2 Bb7 51.Nh3
Bc6 52.Qg2 Rhc8 53.Re1 Rc7 54.Re2 Ra7 55.Ree1 Ra6 56.Re2 Rba8
57.Ree1 R8a7 58.Na3 Ra8 59.Nc4 Nh6 60.Na3 Nf7 61.Nf2 Rd862.Nc4 Rb8
63.Nh3 Bd8 64.Na3 Ra7 65.Qh1 Bc7 66.Qg2 Rd8 67.Qh1 Nh6 68.Ng5 Qe8
69.Kh2 Rd7 ½-½

06.) When Russian GM G Serper defeated I Nikolaidis at St Petersburg in 1993, he
achieved the extraordinary feat of sacrificing ALL of his pieces in the course of
the 48 moves. As well as the sacrifice of all 7 pieces, he managed to queen 2
pawns as well!

Serper,G (2575) - Nikolaidis,I (2440) [E70] St Petersburg 1993
1.c4 g6 2.e4 Bg7 3.d4 d6 4.Nc3 Nf6 5.Nge2 Nbd7 6.Ng3 c6 7.Be2 a6 8.Be3
h5 9.f3 b5 10.c5 dxc5 11.dxc5 Qc7 12.0-0 h4 13.Nh1 Nh5 14.Qd2 e5 15.Nf2
Nf8 16.a4 b4 17.Nd5 cxd5 18.exd5 f5 19.d6 Qc6 20.Bb5 axb5 21.axb5 Qxb5
22.Rxa8 Qc6 23.Rfa1 f4 24.R1a7 Nd7 25.Rxc8+ Qxc8 26.Qd5 fxe3 27.Qe6+ Kf8
28.Rxd7 exf2+ 29.Kf1 Qe8 30.Rf7+ Qxf7 31.Qc8+ Qe8 32.d7 Kf7 33.dxe8Q+
Rxe8 exf2+ 34.Qb7+ Re7 35.c6 e4 36.c7 e3 37.Qd5+ Kf6 38.Qd6+ Kf7 39.Qd5+
Kf6 40.Qd6+ Kf7 41.Qxe7+ Kxe7 42.c8Q Bh6 43.Qc5+ Ke8 44.Qb5+ Kd8 45.Qb6+
Kd7 46.Qxg6 e2+ 47.Kxf2 Be3+ 48.Ke1 1-0

07.) The death of Pope John Paul II reminds me of a practical joke that was played
using the Pope's name in the early 1980's. The first edition of Batsford Chess
Openings featured on page 51 in the section on the Veresov Opening:

Wanda Zartobliwy-Karol Wojtyla, Poland 1946, 1. d4 d5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Bg5
Nbd7 4. Nf3 h6 5. Bh4 e6.

Many chess players were excited to discover that the Pontiff was a chess
player in his youth. Alas, it was soon discovered that the game score was a
hoax. "Zartobliwy" is Polish for facetious or jokey. Here's another game purported
to have been played by Karol Wojtyla (I wonder if this one is authentic???):

Kapfer, T - Karol Wojtyla
[C19] Krakow Krakow, 1938
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5 c5 5.a3 Bxc3+ 6.bxc3 Ne7 7.Nf3 Bd7 8.dxc5
Qa5 9.Bd2 Ba4 10.Bd3 Nd7 11.0-0 Nxc5 12.Qe2 Nxd3 13.cxd3 Qa6 14.Rfc1 0-0
15.c4 dxc4 16.dxc4 h6 17.Bb4 Rfe8 18.Rc3 Rad8 19.Qa2 Nc8 20.Re1 Rd7
21.Nd2 Bc6 22.Rce3 Red8 23.Ne4 Bxe4 24.Rxe4 Qb6 25.c5 Qc7 26.a4 a5
27.Ba3 Rd2 28.Qc4 R8d5 29.f4 Ne7 30.h3 Nf5 31.g4 Nd4 32.R1e3 Nc2 33.Rc3
Rd1+ 34.Kg2 R5d2+ 35.Kg3 Rg1+ 36.Kf3 Ne1+ 0-1

08.) The strongest chess playing Pope was Pope Leo XIII, who was Pontiff from 1878
to 1903. Here is an example of his play:

Father Guila-Joachim- Cardinal Pecci (future Pope Leo XIII)
Perugia, c. 1875
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. c3 Nf6 5. d4 ed4 6. e5 d5 7. ef6 dc4
8. Qe2+ Be6 9. fg7 Rg8 10. cd4 Nd4 11. Nd4 Bd4 12. Qh5 Qf6 13. 0-0 Rg7
14. Qb5+ c6 15. Qb7 Rg2+ 16. Kg2 Qg6+ 17. Kh1 Bd5+ 18. f3 Bf3+ 19. Rf3 Qg1#

09.) Occasionally Albert Einstein would actually play a game, as the following game
against the physicist Robert Oppenheimer (one of the “fathers” of the atomic bomb)
documents. It is a wild encounter between two of the world’s leading scientists.

Einstein – Oppenheimer, Princeton 1940 (Ruy Lopez)
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 b5 5.Bb3 Nf6 6.0-0 Nxe4 7.Re1 d5 8.a4 b4 9.d3
Nc5 10.Nxe5 Ne7 11.Qf3 f6 12.Qh5+ g6 13.Nxg6 hxg6 14.Qxh8 Nxb3 15.cxb3 Qd6
16.Bh6 Kd7 17.Bxf8 Bb7 18.Qg7 Re8 19.Nd2 c5 20.Rad1 a5 21.Nc4 dxc4 22.dxc4
Qxd1 23.Rxd1+ Kc8 24.Bxe7 1-0.

10.) In the mid 1840's, French player Lionel Kieseritzky played a very unusual "odds" game.
He was Black against a General Guingret. Guingret did not have a Queen. Instead,
he had an extra 9 pawns, which were placed on the following squares: b3, c3, f3, g3,
c4, d4, e4, f4, g4. The other pieces were arranged as per a normal game. Kieseritzky
Kieseritzky won the game as follows:

1. e5 e6 2. d5 d6 3. e4 c6 4. exd6 cxd5 5. e5 b6 6. d4 f6 7. Bd3 g6 8. Be3 Nc6 9. c5
Bg7 10. b4 Bd7 11. b5 bxc5 12. bxc6 Bxc6 13. dxc5 fxe5 14. fxe5 Bxe5 15. Nd2 Rb8
16. Rb1 Qf6 17. Ne2 Qg7 18. 0-0 g5 19. Nb3 h5 20. Bd4 hxg4 21. fxg4 Kd7 22. f4
Bxd4+ 23. Nbxd4 Nf6 24. f5 e5 25. Ne6 Rxh2 26. Nxg7 Nxg4 27. f6 e4 28. f7 Rbh8
29. f8=N+ Kc8 30. d7+ Kb7 31. d8=N+ Ka8 "and Black wins"


Part 10: 19 CHESS TIPS

01.) "You aren’t playing in a tournament to paint pictures, but to win points."

02.) Always unpins.

03.) Always makes a blunder-check.

04.) Checks each possible move of the opponent’s pieces and pawns while it is the
opponent’s turn to move.

05.) Tries to find ways to ignore the opponent’s threats, i.e., looks for stronger
counter-threats of his own.

06.) Prefers to move an attacked piece rather than defend it.

07.) As Black, loves to play …f5 when the opponent has a pawn on e5.

08.) Never plays the queen to the b-file early in the opening unless it goes there with a
threat.

09.) Makes no unnecessary concession in the opening.

10.) Handles rooks very aggressively; Take! Take! Take!

11.) Never vacates an open file to avoid exchanges.

12.) When he can’t think of anything better to do, looks for a plan to activate his own
worst-placed piece (the plan may simply be to put the piece on a better square).

13.) Looks for ways of using the king as an active piece as early in the game as possible.

14.) Gives up material rather than submitting to marked positional disadvantages.

15.) When in possession of a winning game, acts to destroy counter-chances.

16.) Does not postpone a must-move that can safely be played at once.

17.) Acts on the wing where he has the initiative.

18.) Never takes a risk for additional material when already in possession of a win.

19.) Makes plans a few moves at a time and frequently revises those plans.


Part 11: 50 BAD CHESS HABITS

01.) Playing too fast and being impatient (sound chess requires time).

02.) Neglecting to castle.

03.) Failing to develop all pieces early.

04.) Moving the same pieces multiple times in the opening.

05.) Underestimating the importance of controlling the center.

06.) Expecting to win in the opening, and playing premature attacks.

07.) Unwise pawn grabbing at the expense of development and position.

08.) Giving useless checks and making idle threats.

09.) Relying on opponent's errors or inferior moves.

10.) Making hasty or careless moves (I'll just see what happens").

11.) Making unsound trappy moves ("Hope he doesn't see it").

12.) Attacking with only one or two pieces.

13.) Exchanging pieces or pawns without a specific, sound purpose.

14.) Creating weaknesses in your position (exposed king, unguarded, pinned, forkable
pieces and pawns, weak pawns, and holes in your pawn structure).

15.) Overlooking opponent's threats by not asking after each of your opponent's moves,
"What is the threat?"

16.) Missing tactical opportunities by not asking after each of your opponent's moves,
"What has changed in the position?"

17.) Losing material carelessly by not asking before each of your own moves,
"Is this move safe?"

18.) Believing a significant early material deficit can always be overcome.

19.) Not keeping accurate account of material at all times.

20.) Being mentally lazy by not looking far enough ahead and not anticipating
opponents' best defenses to your threats.

21.) Having no systematic method of searching for a move.

22.) Failing to analyze each position accurately and completely.

23.) Not analyzing the consequences of all possible checks and captures – for
both sides – on each move.

24.) Not planning (playing only move-to-move).

25.) Inflexibly persisting with inappropriate or faulty plans.

26.) Becoming so involved in your own plans and threats that you ignore or underestimate
your opponents' plans and threats.

27.) Not playing adequate defense by not breaking pins early, not keeping all pieces
and pawns defended, walking into knight forks, aligning your king or queen with
enemy pieces, and not considering all possible defenses to threats.

28.) Ignoring or discounting positional possibilities such as open files and diagonals,
outposts, rooks on the 7th rank, and strong or weak pawns for both sides.

29.) Ignoring or underestimating the value of pawns and the importance of pawn play
(passed pawns, pawn majorities, pawn exchanges and sacrifices, weak pawns,
and holes in the pawn structure).

30.) Being too passive, such as blocking pieces with pawns, or always retreating
rather than advancing or counterattacking when threatened.

31.) Being too willing to trade queens.

32.) Always accepting sacrifices without analyzing the consequences.

33.) Never playing sacrifices.

34.) Not creating, protecting, and advancing passed pawns quickly in the endgame.

35.) Not activating your king early and using your king aggressively in the endgame.

36.) Playing the opponent, rather than the position on the board.

37.) Becoming intimidated and playing too cautiously or passively against stronger
opponents, or becoming too overconfident and playing carelessly against
weaker opponents.

37.) Concentrating on staying ahead of your opponent on the clock more than on the board.

39.) Not relaxing by taking frequent mental breaks during a game.

40.) Always playing to win, even when only a draw is realistic.

41.) Resigning prematurely.

42.) Agreeing prematurely to draws.

43.) Becoming overconfident and careless in winning positions.

44.) Carelessly allowing losing opponents to achieve stalemate.

45.) Not recording and reviewing your own games.

46.) Not studying chess regularly.

47.) Not trying new ideas, even in casual games.

48.) Listening to too many chess advice-givers.

49.) Playing only weaker opponents.

50.) Becoming emotionally upset after losses instead of learning a pertinent lesson to
improve your future play.


Part 12: 18 SEEDS OF TACTICAL DESTRUCTION

01.) Loose (unguarded) pieces - "Loose Pieces Drop Off" = LPDO.

02.) Pieces that can easily be attacked by enemy pieces of less value.

03.) One or more pieces than can be attacked via a "discovered attack."

04.) Weak back rank.

05.) Pinned or "skewerable" pieces along the same rank, file, or diagonal.

06.) Pieces (or squares) vulnerable to Knight forks.

07.) Overworked pieces (pieces guarding more than one piece or square).

08.) Inadequately guarded pieces.

09.) Falling way behind in development (overwhelming opponent forces).

10.) Pawns nearing promotion.

11.) King uncastled or lost pawn protection with Queens on the board.

12.) Open enemy lines for Rooks, Queens, and Bishops to your King.

13.) Pieces that have little mobility and might easily be trapped if attacked.

14.) A large domination of one side's forces in one area of the board.

15.) Three or more pieces near an enemy King.

16.) A "desperado" piece that is lost anyway and can give itself up for maximum destruction.

17.) Weak squares or pawn structures that cannot be defended.

18.) Threats that can be met in only one, or very few, ways.


Part 13: 14 BEST TECHNIQUES TO ANNOY YOUR OPPONENT

01.) The easiest and most common form of annoying your opponent is talking. There
are several methods that can be adopted to disturb your opponent so as to distract
him from making a good move. One method is to talk directly to your opponent,
pointing out his bad moves and letting him know his position is hopeless. By the
time he complains to the tournament director, his position will be hopeless. And,
And, of course, you deny ever talking to him. Tell the tournament director it was
him doing all the talking.

02.) If your opponent is about to make a good move despite your efforts to talk to him
directly, then yell out "touch move" just before he moves his piece. Of course he
will deny ever touching anything. An argument will result, upsetting your opponent
so much that he will have forgotten his original plan or think the almost touched
piece was a losing move and make a weaker move instead.

03.) Another effective method is to talk to spectators about your opponent and perhaps
start ugly rumors about him ("He has AIDS. He voted for Clinton"). People will
soon be staring at your opponent, will start to snicker and point at him. This will
make your opponent very uncomfortable and will take his mind off of chess. If that
doesn't work, discuss your opponent's playing ability or talk about his hygiene
habits. This will draw your opponent into the discussion with an argument and he
will have forgotten all about his game.

04.) Another common method is to talk to yourself. Talking to God or praying out loud
are other variations. Mumbling and even laughing at your opponent's moves and
getting friends to laugh, also, will surely distract him from making strong moves.

05.) Other methods of disturbances are to cough, sneeze, and blow your nose loudly
during the game. Spread lots of germs and let your opponent know that you may
have some awful disease. If he thinks your disease is contagious, he will leave the
board often, unable to concentrate on the game. Have lots of used tissue paper
blowing your nose on your side of the board.

06.) If your opponent is slow in moving, drum and tap your fingers on the table. Act
very impatient. You should heave a sigh, then yawn; look at the chess clock or
your watch often; and finally, groan. Your opponent will be induced to make hasty
moves so as not to appear a slowpoke.

07.) When you exchange pieces, always put one of your opponent's pawn or piece on
your lap or hidden in your other hand. If your opponent likes to compare the pieces
that have been exchanged, he will think he is winning and ease up a bit. If you are
a piece up, roll the extra piece in your hands or toss it up in the air a few times.
Let your opponent know he is an exchange down and there is no hope for him.
Find an extra queen from another board and have it nearby, indicating you may
soon queen a pawn.

08.) For the musically inclined, humming is a favorite nuisance. Aggressive players can
go into a full song accompanied by the gestures of a conductor. Bringing a radio
along and occasionally turning it on during critical times of the game works. If your
opponent is a sports fan, tune in to some important sports event.

09.) When smoking is allowed, it is best to get the foulest, blackest cigars or pipes.
A lot of smoke towards your opponent not only obscures the position of the board,
but causes your opponent to choke and become blind from the smoke in his eyes.

10.) A method popular among grandmasters for annoying an opponent is to stare
directly and deliberately at your opponent. Let your opponent know he is being
watched and stared at. Of course, if your opponent starts staring back at you during
your move, carry a pair of sunglasses with you and slip them on. The mirror reflection
type is best just in case your opponent or his guru is trying to hypnotize you.

11.) When you think you have a good position, rock your chair back and forth, smile
victoriously, and let everyone know you have a won position. Your opponent will
lose that much more quickly even if he doesn't see any threat.

12.) With the help of a friend, you can plan on taking pictures of the game. Make sure
a bright flash can be produced. Just before your opponent reaches to make a move,
your friend flashes the camera and blinds your opponent temporarily. He then
touches the wrong piece which he must move as there are not only witnesses but
a picture of it with a second snapshot.

13.) If you are so lucky, have a big-breasted gorgeous blonde sit by you or on your lap.
He won't be concentrating on mating with his chess pieces for long. It helps if she
has lots of perfume, wears tight clothes, and leans over the board alot.

14.) There is just one more kind of annoyance worth mentioning. Of all the annoyances
to an opponent you can make, this is the most devestating of all. Although it is
very infrequent in occurrence and almost entirely accidental, it is the most annoying
and upsetting disturbance known to chess. It is called making a strong move!


Part 14: 127 BEST GAMES OF CHESS

01.) Alatortsev - Boleslavski, Moscow 1950
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.e4 exd4 5.Qxd4 Nc6 6.Qd2 g6 7.b3 Bg7 8.Bb2
O-O 9.Bd3 Ng4 10.Nf3 Nge5 11.Be2 Nxf3+ 12.Bxf3 Nd4 13.Bd1 f5 14.exf5
Bxf5 15.Ne2 Nxe2 16.Bxe2 Bxb2 17.Qxb2 Qg5 18.g3 Rae8 19.O-O Bh3 20.f4
Bxf1! 21.fxg5 Rxe2 22.Qc3 (22.Qd4) Bg2 23.Qd3 Bf3 24.Rf1 (24.Kf1)
Rg2+ 25.Kh1 Bc6 26.Rxf8+ Kxf8 27.Qf1+ Rf2+ 0-1

02.) Alekhine - Bek, Margate 1938
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 e6 5.Bxc4 c5 6.O-O Nc6 7.Qe2 a6 8.Nc3
b5 9.Bb3 b4 10.d5 Na5 11.Ba4+ Bd7 12.dxe6 fxe6 13.Rd1 bxc3 14.Rxd7
Nxd7 15.Ne5 Ra7 16.bxc3 Ke7 17.e4 Nf6 18.Bg5 Qc7 19.Bf4 Qb6 (19...Qb7)
20.Rd1 g6 (20...Ra8) 21.Bg5 Bg7 22.Nd7 Rxd7 23.Rxd7+ Kf8 24.Bxf6 Bxf6
25.e5 1-0

03.) Anand - Ivanchuk, Las Palmas 1996
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Bc5 6.Nxe5 Nxe5 7.d4 Nxe4
8.Re1 Be7 9.Rxe4 Ng6 10.c4 O-O 11.Nc3 d6 12.Nd5 Bh4 13.Qh5 c6 14.Rxh4
Qxh4 15.Qxh4 Nxh4 16.Nb6 Rb8 17.Bf4 Nf5 18.d5 Re8 19.Kf1 h6 20.h3 Re4
21.Bh2 cxd5 22.g4 Rxc4 23.Nxc4 dxc4 24.Re1 Be6 25.gxf5 Bxf5 26.Bxd6
Bxh3+ 27.Kg1 Rd8 28.Re8+ Rxe8 29.Bxe8 Be6 30.a4 g5 31.a5 Kg7 32.Ba4
Kg6 33.Bd1 Bd5 34.Bc2+ Kf6 35.Bc7 Ke6 36.Bh7 Bf3 37.Kh2 Kd5 38.Bc2 Be4
39.Bd1 Kd4 40.Be2 Bd3 41.Bb6+ Kd5 42.Bd1 f5 43.Kg3 Ke5 44.Bc5 Kf6
45.Bh5 f4+ 46.Kh2 1-0

04.) Bischoff - Nogueiras, Havana 1998
1.c4 c6 2.Nf3 d5 3.e3 Nf6 4.Nc3 e6 5.Qc2 Nbd7 6.b3 Bd6 7.Be2 O-O 8.Bb2
a6 9.d4 e5 10.O-O-O e4 11.Nd2 Re8 12.g4 Nf8 13.Rdg1 Be6 14.h4 b5 15.c5
Bc7 16.g5 N6d7 17.f3 exf3 18.Nxf3 f5 19.Kb1 b4 20.Nd1 Ng6 21.h5 Ne7
22.Bd3 a5 23.Nf2 Nf8 24.Nh3 Qb8 25.Ne5 a4 26.Nf4 axb3 27.axb3 Bxe5
28.dxe5 Bc8 29.e6 Nxe6 30.Nxe6 Bxe6 31.Bxg7 d4 32.Bxd4 Ra3 33.Bc4 Nd5
34.h6 Nc3+ 35.Bxc3 Bxc4 36.Bb2 Bxb3 37.Qxf5 Qa7 38.Qxh7+ Qxh7+ 39.g6 1-0

05.) Bogoljubow - Alekhine, Hastings 1922
1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Bb4+ 5.Bd2 Bxd2+ 6.Nxd2 Nc6 7.Ngf3 O-O
8.O-O d6 9.Qb3 Kh8 10.Qc3 e5 11.e3 a5 12.b3 Qe8 13.a3 Qh5 14.h4 Ng4
15.Ng5 Bd7 16.f3 Nf6 17.f4 e4 18.Rfd1 h6 19.Nh3 d5 20.Nf1 Ne7 21.a4
Nc6 22.Rd2 Nb4 23.Bh1 Qe8 24.Rg2 dxc4 25.bxc4 Bxa4 26.Nf2 Bd7 27.Nd2
b5 28.Nd1 Nd3 29.Rxa5 b4 30.Rxa8 bxc3 31.Rxe8 c2 32.Rxf8+ Kh7 33.Nf2
c1=Q+ 34.Nf1 Ne1 35.Rh2 Qxc4 36.Rb8 Bb5 37.Rxb5 Qxb5 38.g4 Nf3+
39.Bxf3 exf3 40.gxf5 Qe2 41.d5 Kg8 42.h5 Kh7 43.e4 Nxe4 44.Nxe4 Qxe4
45.d6 cxd6 46.f6 gxf6 47.Rd2 Qe2 48.Rxe2 fxe2 49.Kf2 exf1=Q+ 50.Kxf1
Kg7 51.Kf2 Kf7 52.Ke3 Ke6 53.Ke4 d5+ 0-1

06.) Botvinnik - Portisch, Monte Carlo 1968
1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.Bg2 Be6 6.Nf3 Nc6 7.O-O Nb6
8.d3 Be7 9.a3 a5 10.Be3 O-O 11.Na4 Nxa4 12.Qxa4 Bd5 13.Rac1 Re8 14.Rc2
Bf8 15.Rfc1 Nb8 16.Rxc7 Bc6 17.R1xc6 bxc6 18.Rxf7 h6 19.Rb7 Qc8
20.Qc4+ Kh8 21.Nh4 Qxb7 22.Ng6+ Kh7 23.Be4 Bd6 24.Nxe5+ g6 25.Bxg6+
Kg7 26.Bxh6+ 1-0

07.) Brzozka - Bronstein, Miskolc 1963
1.c4 f5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.O-O O-O 6.d4 d6 7.Nc3 c6 8.Qc2
Kh8 9.b3 Na6 10.Bb2 Nc7 11.Rad1 Bd7 12.e3 Qe8 13.Rfe1 Rd8 14.Rd2 Nh5
15.d5 Qf7 16.dxc6 bxc6 17.Ne2 c5 18.Nf4 Nf6 19.Ng5 Qg8 20.Bc3 Rde8
21.Ba5 Ne6 22.Ngxe6 Bxe6 23.Nxe6 Qxe6 24.Qd3 Ne4 25.Qd5 Qxd5 26.Rxd5
Bc3 27.Bxc3+ Nxc3 28.Rd2 Ne4 29.Rb2 a5 30.f3 Nf6 31.Kf2 Rb8 32.Ke2 Rb6
33.Kd3 e5 34.f4 e4+ 35.Kc3 Kg7 36.Bf1 h5 37.h4 Rfb8 38.Be2 a4 39.Reb1
a3 40.Rd2 Kf7 41.Rbd1 Ke7 42.Rd5 Ne8 43.R1d2 Nc7 44.Bd1 Na6 45.Bc2 Nb4
46.Bb1 Ra6 47.Rd1 Nxd5+ 48.Rxd5 Rxb3+ 49.Kxb3 Rb6+ 50.Kc2 Rb2+ 51.Kc1
Re2 52.Rd1 Rxe3 53.Rg1 Rc3+ 54.Kd2 Rxc4 55.Bc2 d5 56.Rb1 d4 57.Bd1 Rc3
58.Rb3 e3+ 59.Ke2 Rc1 60.Rxa3 c4 61.Ra7+ Kd6 62.Ba4 Rh1 63.Rd7+ Kc5
64.Rc7+ Kb4 65.a3+ Kc3 66.Bb5 Rh2+ 67.Kf1 d3 68.Rxc4+ Kb2 69.Kg1 e2
70.Kxh2 e1=Q 0-1

08.) D. Byrne - Fischer, New York 1956
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.d4 O-O 5.Bf4 d5 6.Qb3 dxc4 7.Qxc4 c6
8.e4 Nbd7 9.Rd1 Nb6 10.Qc5 Bg4 11.Bg5 Na4 12.Qa3 Nxc3 13.bxc3 Nxe4
14.Bxe7 Qb6 15.Bc4 Nxc3 16.Bc5 Rfe8+ 17.Kf1 Be6 18.Bxb6 Bxc4+ 19.Kg1
Ne2+ 20.Kf1 Nxd4+ 21.Kg1 Ne2+ 22.Kf1 Nc3+ 23.Kg1 axb6 24.Qb4 Ra4
25.Qxb6 Nxd1 26.h3 Rxa2 27.Kh2 Nxf2 28.Re1 Rxe1 29.Qd8+ Bf8 30.Nxe1
Bd5 31.Nf3 Ne4 32.Qb8 b5 33.h4 h5 34.Ne5 Kg7 35.Kg1 Bc5+ 36.Kf1 Ng3+
37.Ke1 Bb4+ 38.Kd1 Bb3+ 39.Kc1 Ne2+ 40.Kb1 Nc3+ 41.Kc1 Rc2# 0-1

09.) R. Byrne - Fischer, New York 1963
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 c6 4.Bg2 d5 5.cxd5 cxd5 6.Nc3 Bg7 7.e3 O-O
8.Nge2 Nc6 9.O-O b6 10.b3 Ba6 11.Ba3 Re8 12.Qd2 e5 13.dxe5 Nxe5
14.Rfd1 Nd3 15.Qc2 Nxf2 16.Kxf2 Ng4+ 17.Kg1 Nxe3 18.Qd2 Nxg2 19.Kxg2
d4 20.Nxd4 Bb7+ 21.Kf1 Qd7 0-1

10.) Capablanca - Marshall, New York 1918
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3
d5 9.exd5 Nxd5 10.Nxe5 Nxe5 11.Rxe5 Nf6 12.Re1 Bd6 13.h3 Ng4 14.Qf3
Qh4 15.d4 Nxf2 16.Re2 Bg4 17.hxg4 Bh2+ 18.Kf1 Bg3 19.Rxf2 Qh1+ 20.Ke2
Bxf2 21.Bd2 Bh4 22.Qh3 Rae8+ 23.Kd3 Qf1+ 24.Kc2 Bf2 25.Qf3 Qg1 26.Bd5
c5 27.dxc5 Bxc5 28.b4 Bd6 29.a4 a5 30.axb5 axb4 31.Ra6 bxc3 32.Nxc3
Bb4 33.b6 Bxc3 34.Bxc3 h6 35.b7 Re3 36.Qxf7+ Rxf7 37.b8=Q+ Kh7
38.Rxh6+ 1-0

11.) Estrin - Berliner, Postal 1965
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 b5 6.Bf1 Nd4 7.c3 Nxd5
8.Ne4 Qh4 9.Ng3 Bg4 10.f3 e4 11.cxd4 Bd6 12.Bxb5+ Kd8 13.O-O exf3
14.Rxf3 Rb8 15.Be2 Bxf3 16.Bxf3 Qxd4+ 17.Kh1 Bxg3 18.hxg3 Rb6 19.d3
Ne3 20.Bxe3 Qxe3 21.Bg4 h5 22.Bh3 g5 23.Nd2 g4 24.Nc4 Qxg3 25.Nxb6
gxh3 26.Qf3 hxg2+ 27.Qxg2 Qxg2+ 28.Kxg2 cxb6 29.Rf1 Ke7 30.Re1+ Kd6
31.Rf1 Rc8 32.Rxf7 Rc7 33.Rf2 Ke5 34.a4 Kd4 35.a5 Kxd3 36.Rf3+ Kc2
37.b4 b5 38.a6 Rc4 39.Rf7 Rxb4 40.Rb7 Rg4+ 41.Kf3 b4 42.Rxa7 b3 0-1

12.) Gufeld - Kavalek, Marianske Lazne 1962
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Bc5 4.c3 f5 5.d4 fxe4 6.Ng5 Bb6 7.d5 e3 8.Ne4
Qh4 9.Qf3 Nf6 10.Nxf6+ gxf6 11.dxc6 exf2+ 12.Kd1 dxc6 13.Be2 Be6
14.Qh5+ Qxh5 15.Bxh5+ Ke7 16.b3 Bd5 17.Ba3+ Ke6 18.Bg4+ f5 19.Bh3 Rhg8
20.Nd2 Bxg2 21.Bxg2 Rxg2 22.Rf1 Rd8 23.Ke2 Rxd2+ 24.Kxd2 e4 25.Bf8 f4
26.b4 Rg5 27.Bc5 Rxc5 28.bxc5 Bxc5 29.Rab1 f3 30.Rb4 Kf5 31.Rd4 Bxd4
32.cxd4 Kf4 0-1

13.) Hindle - Mohring, Tel Aviv 1964
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.c3 d5 5.exd5 Qxd5 6.cxd4 Bg4 7.Be2 O-O-O
8.Nc3 Qd7 9.d5 Bxf3 10.Bxf3 Ne5 11.Be2 Nf6 12.O-O Nxd5 13.Nxd5 Qxd5
14.Qa4 Bc5 15.Qc2 Nc6 16.Bc4 Nd4 17.Qc3 Qd6 18.Be3 f5 19.Rfd1 f4
20.Bxd4 Bxd4 21.Qf3 Rhe8 22.Rac1 Qb6 23.b3 h6 24.h3 g5 25.a4 a5 26.Rd3
Rd6 27.Rdd1 Kb8 28.Re1 Rxe1+ 29.Rxe1 Ka7 30.Re8 Qb4 31.Kh2 Qd2 32.Re2
Qb4 33.Qe4 Qc5 34.Qf3 Qb6 35.Rc2 Qb4 36.Bb5 Bb6 37.Bc4 Qe1 38.Qe2 Qa1
39.Rd2 Qf6 40.Rxd6 Qxd6 41.Kg1 c6 42.Qd3 Qc5 43.Qf3 Qe5 44.Be2 Qd6
45.Kf1 Qc5 46.g4 fxg3 47.Qxg3 Qc1+ 48.Kg2 Qd2 49.Qf3 Qd4 50.Bc4 Bc5
51.Qf5 Kb6 52.Qf3 Qe5 53.Qg3 Qd4 54.Qf3 Qe5 55.Qg3 Qe4+ 56.Qf3 Qd4
57.Qf5 Bd6 58.Qd3 Qxd3 59.Bxd3 Kc5 60.Bg6 Kb4 61.Bf7 b5 62.axb5 cxb5
63.Kf3 a4 64.bxa4 bxa4 65.h4 Kc3 66.Kg4 Bf4 67.h5 a3 68.Kf5 Kb2 69.Kg6
Be3 70.Kxh6 g4+ 71.fxe3 g3 72.Kh7 g2 73.h6 g1=Q 74.Kh8 a2 75.Bxa2 Kxa2
76.h7 Qg6 77.e4 Qf7 0-1

14.) Ivanchuk - Shirov, Wijk aan Zee 1996
1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 e6 5.Bg5 dxc4 6.e4 b5 7.e5 h6 8.Bh4 g5
9.Nxg5 hxg5 10.Bxg5 Nbd7 11.exf6 Bb7 12.g3 c5 13.d5 Qb6 14.Bg2 O-O-O
15.O-O b4 16.Na4 Qb5 17.a3 exd5 18.axb4 cxb4 19.Be3 Nc5 20.Qg4+ Rd7
21.Qg7 Bxg7 22.fxg7 Rg8 23.Nxc5 d4 24.Bxb7+ Rxb7 25.Nxb7 Qb6 26.Bxd4
Qxd4 27.Rfd1 Qxb2 28.Nd6+ Kb8 29.Rdb1 Qxg7 30.Rxb4+ Kc7 31.Ra6 Rb8
32.Rxa7+ Kxd6 33.Rxb8 Qg4 34.Rd8+ Kc6 35.Ra1 1-0

15.) Ivanchuk - Yusupov, Brussels 1991
1.c4 e5 2.g3 d6 3.Bg2 g6 4.d4 Nd7 5.Nc3 Bg7 6.Nf3 Ngf6 7.O-O O-O 8.Qc2
Re8 9.Rd1 c6 10.b3 Qe7 11.Ba3 e4 12.Ng5 e3 13.f4 Nf8 14.b4 Bf5 15.Qb3
h6 16.Nf3 Ng4 17.b5 g5 18.bxc6 bxc6 19.Ne5 gxf4 20.Nxc6 Qg5 21.Bxd6
Ng6 22.Nd5 Qh5 23.h4 Nxh4 24.gxh4 Qxh4 25.Nde7+ Kh8 26.Nxf5 Qh2+
27.Kf1 Re6 28.Qb7 Rg6 29.Qxa8+ Kh7 30.Qg8+ Kxg8 31.Nce7+ Kh7 32.Nxg6
fxg6 33.Nxg7 Nf2 34.Bxf4 Qxf4 35.Ne6 Qh2 36.Rdb1 Nh3 37.Rb7+ Kg8
38.Rb8+ Qxb8 39.Bxh3 Qg3 0-1

16.) Karpov - Kasparov, Moscow 1985
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6 5.Nb5 d6 6.c4 Nf6 7.N1c3 a6
8.Na3 d5 9.cxd5 exd5 10.exd5 Nb4 11.Be2 Bc5 12.O-O O-O 13.Bf3 Bf5
14.Bg5 Re8 15.Qd2 b5 16.Rad1 Nd3 17.Nab1 h6 18.Bh4 b4 19.Na4 Bd6
20.Bg3 Rc8 21.b3 g5 22.Bxd6 Qxd6 23.g3 Nd7 24.Bg2 Qf6 25.a3 a5 26.axb4
axb4 27.Qa2 Bg6 28.d6 g4 29.Qd2 Kg7 30.f3 Qxd6 31.fxg4 Qd4+ 32.Kh1 Nf6
33.Rf4 Ne4 34.Qxd3 Nf2+ 35.Rxf2 Bxd3 36.Rfd2 Qe3 37.Rxd3 Rc1 38.Nb2
Qf2 39.Nd2 Rxd1+ 40.Nxd1 Re1+ 0-1

17.) Karpov - Kasparov, Linares 1993
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.f3 O-O 6.Be3 e5 7.Nge2 Nbd7 8.Qd2
c6 9.Rd1 a6 10.dxe5 Nxe5 11.b3 b5 12.cxb5 axb5 13.Qxd6 Nfd7 14.f4 b4
15.Nb1 Ng4 16.Bd4 Bxd4 17.Qxd4 Rxa2 18.h3 c5 19.Qg1 Ngf6 20.e5 Ne4
21.h4 c4 22.Nc1 c3 23.Nxa2 c2 24.Qd4 cxd1=Q+ 25.Kxd1 Ndc5 26.Qxd8
Rxd8+ 27.Kc2 Nf2 0-1

18.) Kasparov - Anand, New York 1995
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5
8.dxe5 Be6 9.Nbd2 Nc5 10.c3 d4 11.Ng5 dxc3 12.Nxe6 fxe6 13.bxc3 Qd3
14.Bc2 Qxc3 15.Nb3 Nxb3 16.Bxb3 Nd4 17.Qg4 Qxa1 18.Bxe6 Rd8 19.Bh6 Qc3
20.Bxg7 Qd3 21.Bxh8 Qg6 22.Bf6 Be7 23.Bxe7 Qxg4 24.Bxg4 Kxe7 25.Rc1 c6
26.f4 a5 27.Kf2 a4 28.Ke3 b4 29.Bd1 a3 30.g4 Rd5 31.Rc4 c5 32.Ke4 Rd8
33.Rxc5 Ne6 34.Rd5 Rc8 35.f5 Rc4+ 36.Ke3 Nc5 37.g5 Rc1 38.Rd6 1-0

19.) Kasparov - Topalov, Wijk aan Zee 1999
1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Be3 Bg7 5.Qd2 c6 6.f3 b5 7.Nge2 Nbd7 8.Bh6
Bxh6 9.Qxh6 Bb7 10.a3 e5 11.O-O-O Qe7 12.Kb1 a6 13.Nc1 O-O-O 14.Nb3
exd4 15.Rxd4 c5 16.Rd1 Nb6 17.g3 Kb8 18.Na5 Ba8 19.Bh3 d5 20.Qf4+ Ka7
21.Rhe1 d4 22.Nd5 Nbxd5 23.exd5 Qd6 24.Rxd4 cxd4 25.Re7+ Kb6 26.Qxd4+
Kxa5 27.b4+ Ka4 28.Qc3 Qxd5 29.Ra7 Bb7 30.Rxb7 Qc4 31.Qxf6 Kxa3
32.Qxa6+ Kxb4 33.c3+ Kxc3 34.Qa1+ Kd2 35.Qb2+ Kd1 36.Bf1 Rd2 37.Rd7
Rxd7 38.Bxc4 bxc4 39.Qxh8 Rd3 40.Qa8 c3 41.Qa4+ Ke1 42.f4 f5 43.Kc1
Rd2 44.Qa7 1-0

20.) Kholmov - Bronstein, Kiev 1964
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3 d6 4.d4 cxd4 5.Nxd4 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Be7 8.Qf3
Qc7 9.O-O-O Nbd7 10.g4 b5 11.Bxf6 gxf6 12.f5 Ne5 13.Qh3 O-O 14.g5 b4
15.gxf6 Bxf6 16.Rg1+ Kh8 17.Qh6 Qe7 18.Nc6 Nxc6 19.e5 Bg5+ 20.Rxg5 f6
21.exd6 Qf7 22.Rg3 bxc3 23.Bc4 cxb2+ 24.Kb1 Nd8 25.Rdg1 Ra7 26.d7 Rxd7
27.fxe6 Nxe6 28.Bxe6 Rd1+ 29.Rxd1 Bxe6 30.Kxb2 Rb8+ 31.Ka1 Bxa2
32.Rgd3 Qe7 33.Kxa2 Qe6+ 34.Rb3 1-0

21.) Kholmov - Keres, Tbilisi 1959
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.e5 Ng4 5.Bxc6 dxc6 6.O-O g6 7.Re1 Bg7
8.h3 Nh6 9.Nc3 b6 10.d4 cxd4 11.Nxd4 c5 12.Nc6 Qd7 13.Nxe7 Kxe7
14.Bxh6 Bxh6 15.Qf3 Bg7 16.Nd5+ Kd8 17.Rad1 Bb7 18.Qb3 Bc6 19.Nxb6
axb6 20.Qxf7 Bxe5 21.Rxd7+ Bxd7 22.Rxe5 Kc7 23.Re7 Rad8 24.a4 g5
25.Qd5 Rhe8 26.Rxh7 g4 27.a5 gxh3 28.axb6+ Kxb6 29.Rxd7 1-0

22.) Larsen - Spassky, Belgrade 1970
1.b3 e5 2.Bb2 Nc6 3.c4 Nf6 4.Nf3 e4 5.Nd4 Bc5 6.Nxc6 dxc6 7.e3 Bf5
8.Qc2 Qe7 9.Be2 O-O-O 10.f4 Ng4 11.g3 h5 12.h3 h4 13.hxg4 hxg3 14.Rg1
Rh1 15.Rxh1 g2 16.Rf1 Qh4+ 17.Kd1 gxf1=Q+ 0-1

23.) Lazard - Gibald, Paris 1909
1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.Bc4 Bc5 5.c3 Nf6 6.cxd4 Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Nxe4
8.O-O Bxc3 9.d5 Bf6 10.Re1 Ne7 11.Rxe4 d6 12.g4 h6 13.h4 Kf8 14.h5 g5
15.Nd4 c6 16.Qf3 Nxd5 17.Bd2 Nc7 18.Rae1 d5 19.Bb4+ Kg7 20.Re7 dxc4
21.Nxc6 Qd3 22.Rxf7+ Kxf7 23.Re7+ Kg8 24.Qxf6 Rh7 25.Re8+ Nxe8 26.Qf8# 1-0

24.) Levitzky - Marshall, Breslau 1912
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 c5 4.Nf3 Nc6 5.exd5 exd5 6.Be2 Nf6 7.O-O Be7
8.Bg5 O-O 9.dxc5 Be6 10.Nd4 Bxc5 11.Nxe6 fxe6 12.Bg4 Qd6 13.Bh3 Rae8
14.Qd2 Bb4 15.Bxf6 Rxf6 16.Rad1 Qc5 17.Qe2 Bxc3 18.bxc3 Qxc3 19.Rxd5
Nd4 20.Qh5 Ref8 21.Re5 Rh6 22.Qg5 Rxh3 23.Rc5 Qg3 0-1

25.) Liliental - Capablanca, Hastings 1934
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.a3 Bxc3+ 5.bxc3 b6 6.f3 d5 7.Bg5 h6 8.Bh4
Ba6 9.e4 Bxc4 10.Bxc4 dxc4 11.Qa4+ Qd7 12.Qxc4 Qc6 13.Qd3 Nbd7 14.Ne2
Rd8 15.O-O a5 16.Qc2 Qc4 17.f4 Rc8 18.f5 e5 19.dxe5 Qxe4 20.exf6 Qxc2
21.fxg7 Rg8 22.Nd4 Qe4 23.Rae1 Nc5 24.Rxe4+ Nxe4 25.Re1 Rxg7 26.Rxe4+
Kd7 1-0

26.) Lilienthal - Ragozin, Moscow 1935
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.a3 Bxc3+ 5.bxc3 c5 6.f3 d5 7.e3 O-O
8.cxd5 exd5 9.Bd3 Nc6 10.Ne2 Re8 11.O-O a6 12.Qe1 b5 13.Qf2 Be6 14.h3
Ra7 15.Bd2 Qb6 16.Rfb1 Rae7 17.a4 c4 18.Bc2 Bc8 19.Ng3 h5 20.Ne2 Nd8
21.Ra2 Bd7 22.axb5 axb5 23.Rba1 Bc8 24.Rb2 Bd7 25.Qh4 Ne6 26.Kh1 Nf8
27.Ng3 Rxe3 28.Bxe3 Rxe3 29.Nxh5 Nxh5 30.Qxh5 Bc6 31.Qg5 Rxc3 32.Qd2
Rxc2 33.Rxc2 Ne6 34.Rd1 b4 35.Rb2 b3 36.Qc3 Nc7 37.Re2 Qa7 38.Qb4 Nb5
39.Re7 Qa3 40.Qe1 c3 41.Re8+ Bxe8 42.Qxe8+ Kh7 43.Qxf7 Qa8 44.Re1 Nd6
45.Qc7 c2 46.Qxd6 b2 47.Qf4 Qc6 0-1

27.) H. Olafsson - Levitt, Reykjavik 1990
1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.Nf3 c5 4.g3 b6 5.Bg2 Bb7 6.O-O Be7 7.d4 Ne4 8.Nxe4
Bxe4 9.Bf4 O-O 10.dxc5 bxc5 11.Qd2 Qb6 12.Rfd1 Rd8 13.Qe3 Qb7 14.Bd6
Bxd6 15.Rxd6 Qxb2 16.Rad1 Qb7 17.Rxe6 fxe6 18.Ng5 h6 19.Nxe4 Nc6
20.Nxc5 Qc7 21.Nxd7 Rac8 22.Qxe6+ Kh8 23.Be4 Ne7 24.Rd6 Qxc4
25.Qxe7 Qc1+ 26.Kg2 Re8 27.Qf7 Rxe4 28.Rg6 Rg8 29.Nf6 Qc4 30.Rxh6+ 1-0

28.) Polugaevsky - Nezhmetdinov, Sochi 1958
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.e4 exd4 5.Qxd4 Nc6 6.Qd2 g6 7.b3 Bg7 8.Bb2
O-O 9.Bd3 Ng4 10.Nge2 Qh4 11.Ng3 Nge5 12.O-O f5 13.f3 Bh6 14.Qd1 f4
15.Nge2 g5 16.Nd5 g4 17.g3 fxg3 18.hxg3 Qh3 19.f4 Be6 20.Bc2 Rf7
21.Kf2 Qh2+ 22.Ke3 Bxd5 23.cxd5 Nb4 24.Rh1 Rxf4 25.Rxh2 Rf3+ 26.Kd4
Bg7 27.a4 c5+ 28.dxc6 bxc6 29.Bd3 Nexd3+ 30.Kc4 d5+ 31.exd5 cxd5+
32.Kb5 Rb8+ 33.Ka5 Nc6+ 0-1

29.) Reti - Alekhine, Baden-Baden 1925
1.g3 e5 2.Nf3 e4 3.Nd4 d5 4.d3 exd3 5.Qxd3 Nf6 6.Bg2 Bb4+ 7.Bd2 Bxd2+
8.Nxd2 O-O 9.c4 Na6 10.cxd5 Nb4 11.Qc4 Nbxd5 12.N2b3 c6 13.O-O Re8
14.Rfd1 Bg4 15.Rd2 Qc8 16.Nc5 Bh3 17.Bf3 Bg4 18.Bg2 Bh3 19.Bf3 Bg4
20.Bg2 Bh3 21.Bf3 Bg4 22.Bh1 h5 23.b4 a6 24.Rc1 h4 25.a4 hxg3 26.hxg3
Qc7 27.b5 axb5 28.axb5 Re3 29.Nf3 cxb5 30.Qxb5 Nc3 31.Qxb7 Qxb7
32.Nxb7 Nxe2+ 33.Kh2 Ne4 34.Rc4 Nxf2 35.Bg2 Be6 36.Rcc2 Ng4+ 37.Kh3
Ne5+ 38.Kh2 Rxf3 39.Rxe2 Ng4+ 40.Kh3 Ne3+ 41.Kh2 Nxc2 42.Bxf3 Nd4 0-1

30.) Rotlewi - Rubinstein, Lodz 1907
1.d4 d5 2.Nf3 e6 3.e3 c5 4.c4 Nc6 5.Nc3 Nf6 6.dxc5 Bxc5 7.a3 a6 8.b4
Bd6 9.Bb2 O-O 10.Qd2 Qe7 11.Bd3 dxc4 12.Bxc4 b5 13.Bd3 Rd8 14.Qe2 Bb7
15.O-O Ne5 16.Nxe5 Bxe5 17.f4 Bc7 18.e4 Rac8 19.e5 Bb6+ 20.Kh1 Ng4
21.Be4 Qh4 22.g3 Rxc3 23.gxh4 Rd2 24.Qxd2 Bxe4+ 25.Qg2 Rh3 0-1

31.) Rubinstein - Hromadka, Moravska Ostrava 1923
1.e4 e5 2.f4 Bc5 3.Nf3 d6 4.Nc3 Nf6 5.Bc4 Nc6 6.d3 Bg4 7.h3 Bxf3
8.Qxf3 Nd4 9.Qg3 Qe7 10.fxe5 dxe5 11.Kd1 c6 12.a4 Rg8 13.Rf1 h6 14.Ne2
O-O-O 15.Nxd4 Bxd4 16.c3 Bb6 17.a5 Bc7 18.Be3 Kb8 19.Kc2 Ka8 20.Rf3
Nd5 21.Bg1 Nf4 22.Qf2 Bb8 23.g3 Nxh3 24.Rxf7 Qd6 25.Qb6 Rd7 26.Bc5
Rxf7 27.Bxd6 Rf2+ 28.Qxf2 Nxf2 29.Bc5 1-0

32.) Spassky - Bronstein, Leningrad 1960
1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 d5 4.exd5 Bd6 5.Nc3 Ne7 6.d4 O-O 7.Bd3 Nd7
8.O-O h6 9.Ne4 Nxd5 10.c4 Ne3 11.Bxe3 fxe3 12.c5 Be7 13.Bc2 Re8 14.Qd3
e2 15.Nd6 Nf8 16.Nxf7 exf1=Q+ 17.Rxf1 Bf5 18.Qxf5 Qd7 19.Qf4 Bf6
20.N3e5 Qe7 21.Bb3 Bxe5 22.Nxe5+ Kh7 23.Qe4+ 1-0

33.) Stoltz - H. Steiner, Stockolm 1952
1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.g3 f5 4.Bg2 Nf6 5.d4 Be7 6.e3 O-O 7.Nge2 Kh8 8.Qc2
Qe8 9.b3 Nc6 10.Ba3 exd4 11.exd4 f4 12.O-O-O Nh5 13.Be4 g6 14.Nd5 Qd8
15.Bb2 f3 16.Nef4 Bg5 17.Bxg6 hxg6 18.Qxg6 Ng7 19.h4 Bxf4+ 20.gxf4 Bf5
21.Qh6+ Bh7 22.Ne3 Rf6 23.Qg5 Rg6 24.d5 Rxg5 25.hxg5 Ne7 26.Ng4 Qc8
27.g6 Qxg4 28.Rxh7+ Kg8 29.Rxg7+ Kf8 30.Rf7+ Ke8 31.Re1 Qxg6 32.Rexe7+
Kd8 33.Bf6 Qxf6 34.Rxf6 1-0

34.) Taimanov - Polugaewski, Leningrad 1960
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Qa4+ Nbd7 5.Nc3 e6 6.e4 c5 7.d5 exd5
8.e5 d4 9.exf6 dxc3 10.Bxc4 Qxf6 11.Bg5 Qc6 12.O-O-O cxb2+ 13.Kxb2 Be7
14.Rhe1 f6 15.Bb5 Qb6 16.Kc1 fxg5 17.Bxd7+ Kf8 18.Rxe7 Kxe7 19.Qe4+
Kd8 20.Bf5+ Kc7 21.Qe5+ Kc6 22.Rd6+ Kb5 23.Qb2+ 1-0

35.) Tal - Hjartarson, Reykjavik 1987
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3
d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Bd7 13.Nf1 cxd4 14.cxd4 Rac8
15.Ne3 Nc6 16.d5 Nb4 17.Bb1 a5 18.a3 Na6 19.b4 g6 20.Bd2 axb4 21.axb4
Qb7 22.Bd3 Nc7 23.Nc2 Nh5 24.Be3 Ra8 25.Qd2 Rxa1 26.Nxa1 f5 27.Bh6 Ng7
28.Nb3 f4 29.Na5 Qb6 30.Rc1 Ra8 31.Qc2 Nce8 32.Qb3 Bf6 33.Nc6 Nh5
34.Qb2 Bg7 35.Bxg7 Kxg7 36.Rc5 Qa6 37.Rxb5 Nc7 38.Rb8 Qxd3 39.Ncxe5
Qd1+ 40.Kh2 Ra1 41.Ng4+ Kf7 42.Nh6+ Ke7 43.Ng8+ 1-0

36.) Topalov - Shirov, Linares 1998
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bb5+ c6
8.Ba4 O-O 9.Ne2 Nd7 10.O-O e5 11.f3 Qe7 12.Be3 Rd8 13.Qc2 Nb6 14.Bb3
Be6 15.Rad1 Nc4 16.Bc1 b5 17.f4 exd4 18.Nxd4 Bg4 19.Rde1 Qc5 20.Kh1 a5
21.h3 Bd7 22.a4 bxa4 23.Ba2 Be8 24.e5 Nb6 25.f5 Nd5 26.Bd2 Nb4 27.Qxa4
Nxa2 28.Qxa2 Bxe5 29.fxg6 hxg6 30.Bg5 Rd5 31.Re3 Qd6 32.Qe2 Bd7 33.c4
Bxd4 34.cxd5 Bxe3 35.Qxe3 Re8 36.Qc3 Qxd5 37.Bh6 Re5 38.Rf3 Qc5 39.Qa1
Bf5 40.Re3 f6 41.Rxe5 Qxe5 42.Qa2+ Qd5 43.Qxd5+ cxd5 44.Bd2 a4 45.Bc3
Kf7 46.h4 Ke6 47.Kg1 Bh3 48.gxh3 Kf5 49.Kf2 Ke4 50.Bxf6 d4 51.Be7 Kd3
52.Bc5 Kc4 53.Be7 Kb3 0-1

37.) Vladimirov - Epishin, USSR 1987
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6 6.g4 h6 7.h4 Be7 8.g5
hxg5 9.Bxg5 Nc6 10.Qd2 a6 11.O-O-O Bd7 12.f4 Nxd4 13.Qxd4 Bc6 14.Rg1
Qa5 15.Bh3 Qc5 16.Qd3 b5 17.f5 b4 18.Be3 Qa5 19.Qc4 Bb7 20.fxe6 bxc3
21.Rxg7 d5 22.Qb3 cxb2+ 23.Kb1 Qb5 24.exf7+ Kf8 25.Rdg1 Qxb3 26.Bh6
Ng4 27.Rh7+ Nxh6 28.Rxh8+ Kxf7 29.Rh7+ 1-0

38.) Averbakh - Spassky, Leningrad 1956
1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 g6 3.e4 d6 4.d4 Bg7 5.Be2 O-O 6.Bg5 c5 7.d5 Qa5 8.Bd2 a6
9.a4 e5 10.g4 Ne8 11.h4 f5 12.h5 f4 13.g5 Qd8 14.Bg4 Nc7 15.Bxc8 Qxc8
16.Nf3 Nc6 17.dxc6 bxc6 18.Nh4 Qe8 19.hxg6 hxg6 20.Qg4 Rb8 21.Nd1 Ne6
22.Ra3 Nd4 23.Rah3 Qf7 24.Bc3 Rfe8 25.R3h2 Qxc4 26.Nxg6 Re6 27.Bxd4
Rxg6 28.Qf5 Qe6 29.Qxe6+ Rxe6 30.Bc3 d5 31.f3 Rb3 32.Rh3 c4 33.Kd2
Rg6 34.Rg1 d4 35.Ba5 Bf8 36.Rg4 Rd6 37.Kc2 Rd7 38.g6 Rdb7 39.Be1 c5
40.Rgh4 Bg7 41.Ba5 c3 42.bxc3 Ra3 43.cxd4 exd4 44.Rxf4 Ra2+ 45.Kd3 Rb1
46.Rh1 Rxa4 47.Kc2 Rb5 48.e5 d3+ 49.Kxd3 Rxf4 50.Bc3 Rxf3+ 51.Ke4
Rg3 52.Kf4 Rxg6 53.Ne3 Rb8 54.Nf5 Rf8 55.Rh5 Re8 56.Ke4 Rg1 57.Rh3
Bf8 58.Kd5 Rd1+ 59.Ke4 Rc1 60.Kd5 Rd1+ 61.Ke4 Rd7 62.Nh6+ Bxh6
63.Rxh6 Rh7 64.Rg6+ Kf7 65.Rf6+ Ke7 66.Rc6 Kd7 67.Rxc5 Rh6 68.Kd5
Rb6 69.Ba5 Rb5 70.Rxb5 axb5 71.e6+ Rxe6 72.Kc5 Re5+ 73.Kb6 1/2

39.) Rossolimo - Livingstone, New York 1961
1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5 4.d4 Nf6 5.Nf3 Bg4 6.h3 Qh5 7.Be2 Nc6
8.O-O Bxh3 9.gxh3 Qxh3 10.Ng5 Qh4 11.d5 Ne5 12.Bb5+ c6 13.dxc6 bxc6
14.Nd5 O-O-O 15.Ba6+ Kb8 16.Bf4 Rxd5 17.Bxe5+ Ka8 18.c4 Qxg5+
19.Bg3 Rxd1 20.Raxd1 Nd5 21.cxd5 c5 22.b4 c4 23.Rd4 e5 24.dxe6ep Bxb4
25.Rd7 Rb8 26.Rfd1 Be7 27.exf7 c3 28.f8Q 1-0

40.) Sosonko - Rivas, Amsterdam 1978
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 a6 5.e4 b5 6.e5 Nd5 7.a4 c6 8.axb5 Nxc3
9.bxc3 cxb5 10.Ng5 f6 11.Qf3 Ra7 12.e6 Qb6 13.d5 fxg5 14.Qf7+ Kd8
15.Bxg5 Rd7 16.exd7 Nxd7 17.Be2 h6 18.Be3 Qf6 19.Qxf6 exf6 20.Bg4 Bb7
21.O-O Bd6 22.Rfd1 Re8 23.Be6 Nc5 24.Bxc5 Bxc5 25.Bg4 Kc7 26.Bf3 Bd6
27.Kf1 Kb6 28.Re1 Rxe1+ 29.Kxe1 a5 30.Kd2 b4 31.cxb4 axb4 32.Ra4 Ba6
33.Be4 c3+ 34.Kc2 Bc4 35.g3 Kc5 36.Bd3 Bxd5 37.Ra6 Be5 38.Ra5+ Kd4
39.Rxd5+ Kxd5 40.f4 Bd6 41.Bg6 Kc4 42.Bf7+ Kd4 43.Bb3 Ke3 44.f5 h5
45.Bf7 h4 46.gxh4 Bxh2 47.Ba2 Bd6 48.Bb1 Kf4 49.Kb3 Kg4 50.Kc4 Kxh4
51.Bc2 Kg5 52.Kd5 Bf8 53.Ke4 g6 54.fxg6 f5+ 55.Ke5 Bg7+ 56.Ke6 f4
57.Kf7 Kh6 0-1

41.) Gligoric - Stein, Lvov 1962
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 O-O 5.Bg5 c5 6.d5 d6 7.Bd3 e6 8.dxe6 fxe6
9.Nge2 Nc6 10.O-O h6 11.Bd2 e5 12.Nd5 Nd4 13.Nxd4 cxd4 14.f4 Nxd5
15.exd5 Bf5 16.Qc2 Qd7 17.fxe5 dxe5 18.Be4 Rf6 19.Rf3 Raf8 20.Raf1 h5
21.c5 Qb5 22.Bxf5 gxf5 23.Bg5 R6f7 24.Rh3 Qe8 25.d6 Qe6 26.Qd1 f4
27.Qxh5 Qf5 28.g4 Qe4 29.Bh4 f3 30.Bf2 Rf4 31.Rh4 Bf6 32.g5 Rxh4
33.Bxh4 Bd8 34.Bf2 Qf5 35.Kh1 Kg7 36.Qh6+ Kf7 37.Rg1 Qg6 38.Qh3 Kg8
39.b4 d3 40.b5 e4 41.Qh6 Qxh6 42.gxh6+ Kh7 43.Be3 f2 44.Rf1 Ba5 45.c6
bxc6 46.bxc6 Bb6 47.Bxb6 axb6 48.Rxf2 e3 49.Rxf8 d2 50.c7 d1Q+ 51.Kg2
Qg4+ 52.Kf1 Qc4+ 53.Kg2 e2 54.Kf2 Qe6 55.Ke1 Qxd6 56.Rh8+ Kg6
57.Rg8+ Kh5 0-1

42.) Tisdall - Lee, London 1981
1.d4 e6 2.e4 c5 3.Nf3 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Bb4 6.e5 Ne4 7.Qg4 Nxc3
8.Qxg7 Rf8 9.a3 Nb5+ 10.axb4 Nxd4 11.Bd3 Qb6 12.Bg5 Nf5 13.Bxf5 exf5
14.O-O-O Qg6 15.e6 d5 16.Rxd5 Nc6 17.e7 Nxe7 18.Rd8+ 1-0

43.) Kamsky - Polgar, Buenos Aires 1994
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bf4 e5 8.Bg5
a6 9.Na3 Be6 10.Nc4 Rc8 11.Bxf6 Qxf6 12.Nb6 Rb8 13.Ncd5 Qg6 14.Qd3
Be7 15.g3 O-O 16.Bg2 Bd8 17.O-O Kh8 18.Nc4 Ne7 19.Qa3 Bxd5 20.exd5
Bc7 21.Rad1 Ng8 22.Na5 f5 23.c4 f4 24.c5 f3 25.Bh1 Bxa5 26.Qxa5 e4
27.Rfe1 Nf6 28.cxd6 Qg4 29.Rd4 Rbe8 30.Qb4 Qh3 31.Rdxe4 Nxe4 32.Rxe4
Qf5 33.Rxe8 Rxe8 34.h4 Re2 35.d7 Qb1+ 36.Kh2 Rxf2+ 37.Kh3 h5
38.Qf8+ Kh7 0-1

44.) Karpov - Huebner, Tilburg 1982
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Bf5 5.Ng3 Bg6 6.h4 h6 7.Nf3 Nd7 8.h5
Bh7 9.Bd3 Bxd3 10.Qxd3 Ngf6 11.Bf4 e6 12.O-O-O Be7 13.Ne5 O-O 14.c4 c5
15.d5 Nxe5 16.Bxe5 Ng4 17.Bxg7 Kxg7 18.Qe2 Bg5+ 19.Kb1 Nf6 20.dxe6
Qc8 21.e7 Re8 22.Rd6 Qg4 23.Qe5 Kg8 24.Re1 Nd7 25.Rxd7 Qxd7 26.Nf5 f6
27.Qd5+ Qxd5 28.cxd5 Bf4 29.g3 Bc7 30.Kc2 b5 31.Nxh6+ Kh7 32.Nf5 Rg8
33.d6 Ba5 34.Re6 Rg5 35.Rxf6 Rxh5 36.d7 Rh2 37.Ne3 1-0

45.) Kasparov - Shirov, Horgen 1994
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bf4 e5 8.Bg5
a6 9.Na3 b5 10.Nd5 Be7 11.Bxf6 Bxf6 12.c3 Bb7 13.Nc2 Nb8 14.a4 bxa4
15.Rxa4 Nd7 16.Rb4 Nc5 17.Rxb7 Nxb7 18.b4 Bg5 19.Na3 O-O 20.Nc4 a5
21.Bd3 axb4 22.cxb4 Qb8 23.h4 Bh6 24.Ncb6 Ra2 25.O-O Rd2 26.Qf3 Qa7
27.Nd7 Nd8 28.Nxf8 Kxf8 29.b5 Qa3 30.Qf5 Ke8 31.Bc4 Rc2 32.Qxh7 Rxc4
33.Qg8+ Kd7 34.Nb6+ Ke7 35.Nxc4 Qc5 36.Ra1 Qd4 37.Ra3 Bc1 38.Ne3 1-0

46.) T. Espig - Mohring, Leipzig 1973
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.c3 dxc3 5.Bc4 b5 6.Bb3 b4 7.O-O Ba6 8.Re1
Qf6 9.e5 Qf5 10.Ng5 cxb2 11.Bxf7+ Qxf7 12.e6 O-O-O 13.Bxb2 Qf5 14.Nf7
dxe6 15.Nxd8 Nxd8 16.Nd2 Nf6 17.Rc1 Bb7 18.Be5 Nd5 19.Qa4 Nc3 20.Bxc3
bxc3 21.Rxc3 Bc5 22.Nf3 Rf8 23.Rd1 Nf7 24.h3 Ne5 25.Rb3 Bb6 0-1

47.) Granda Zuniga - Seirawan, Buenos Aires 1993
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.Nc3 e6 4.g3 b6 5.Bg2 Bb7 6.O-O Nc6 7.e4 e5 8.d3 g6
9.Nxe5 Nxe5 10.f4 Nc6 11.e5 Ng8 12.f5 Nh6 13.Ne4 Nxf5 14.Nf6+ Ke7
15.Nd5+ Ke8 16.Nf6+ Ke7 17.g4 Nfd4 18.Qe1 Qb8 19.Nd5+ Kd8 20.Bg5+
Kc8 21.Rxf7 Ne6 22.Bf6 Ncd8 23.Re7 Rg8 24.Re8 Bc6 25.Bxd8 Nxd8 26.Nf6
Rh8 27.Bxc6 dxc6 28.Qe4 Qc7 29.e6 Bg7 30.e7 Rxe8 31.Nxe8 Bd4+ 32.Kh1
Qd7 33.Nd6+ Qxd6 34.e8Q a5 35.Rf1 Ra7 36.Rf8 Rd7 37.Q4e6 Qxe6
38.Qxe6 Kc7 39.Qe2 Bg7 40.Rf2 Bd4 41.Rf3 Nf7 42.Rf4 Nd6 43.Kg2 Nc8
44.b3 Re7 45.Re4 Rf7 46.Qe1 Rd7 47.Qg3+ Kb7 48.h3 Rf7 49.h4 Rd7
50.Re6 Bc3 51.Qf3 Nd6 52.Qf8 Nc8 53.Re8 Rc7 54.Rd8 Bg7 55.Qe8 Bf6
56.Rxc8 1-0

48.) Korchnoi - Plachetka, Luhacovice 1969
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5 4.Nc3 d6 5.e4 Be7 6.g3 O-O 7.Bg2 Nbd7 8.Qe2 a6
9.a4 b6 10.Kd1 Ne8 11.f4 f5 12.exf5 exf4 13.Bxf4 Ne5 14.g4 b5 15.Bxe5
dxe5 16.axb5 Nd6 17.Nf3 Bb7 18.Kc2 axb5 19.cxb5 e4 20.Nd2 Rxa1 21.Rxa1
e3 22.Qxe3 Bg5 23.Qxc5 Bxd2 24.Kxd2 Qg5+ 25.Kc2 Qf4 26.Re1 Nc4
27.Re2 Qxg4 28.d6 Bxg2 29.d7 Nd6 30.Qxd6 Qxf5+ 31.Kb3 Qf7+ 32.Kb4 1-0

49.) Oren - Dyner, Tel Aviv 1952
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 Bg7 4.Bg2 c5 5.d5 O-O 6.e4 d6 7.Ne2 Nfd7 8.O-O b5
9.cxb5 a6 10.bxa6 Nxa6 11.Nbc3 Rb8 12.b3 Nb4 13.Bb2 Ne5 14.Na4 Nbd3
15.Bc3 Ba6 16.f4 Ng4 17.Bxg7 Kxg7 18.Rf3 c4 19.bxc4 Rb4 20.Rxd3 Bxc4
21.Ra3 Qa5 22.Bf3 Bb3 23.Rxb3 Qa7+ 24.Nb6 1-0

50.) Gutman - Vitolinsh, Riga 1979
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 O-O 5.Ne2 b5 6.cxb5 a6 7.Ng3 Bb7 8.Bd2
Bxc3 9.Bxc3 axb5 10.Bxb5 Bxg2 11.Rg1 Bc6 12.Nh5 Nxh5 13.Qxh5 Bxb5
14.Qh6 g6 15.d5 e5 16.Bxe5 f6 17.Rxg6+ hxg6 18.Qxg6+ Kh8 19.Kd2 Bd3
20.Kxd3 Qe7 21.e4 Qg7 22.Qh5+ Kg8 23.Bd4 c5 24.Bxc5 Rc8 25.f4 Na6
26.Bf2 Nb4+ 27.Ke2 Rxa2 0-1

51.) Janowsky - Capablanca, New York 1916
1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 d5 3.c4 c6 4.Nc3 Bf5 5.Qb3 Qb6 6.Qxb6 axb6 7.cxd5 Nxd5
8.Nxd5 cxd5 9.e3 Nc6 10.Bd2 Bd7 11.Be2 e6 12.O-O Bd6 13.Rfc1 Ke7
14.Bc3 Rhc8 15.a3 Na5 16.Nd2 f5 17.g3 b5 18.f3 Nc4 19.Bxc4 bxc4 20.e4
Kf7 21.e5 Be7 22.f4 b5 23.Kf2 Ra4 24.Ke3 Rca8 25.Rab1 h6 26.Nf3 g5
27.Ne1 Rg8 28.Kf3 gxf4 29.gxf4 Raa8 30.Ng2 Rg4 31.Rg1 Rag8 32.Be1 b4
33.axb4 Ba4 34.Ra1 Bc2 35.Bg3 Be4+ 36.Kf2 h5 37.Ra7 Bxg2 38.Rxg2 h4
39.Bxh4 Rxg2+ 40.Kf3 Rxh2 41.Bxe7 Rh3+ 42.Kf2 Rb3 43.Bg5+ Kg6
44.Re7 Rxb2+ 45.Kf3 Ra8 46.Rxe6+ Kh7 0-1

52.) Portisch - Johannessen, Havana 1966
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c6 4.Nf3 Nf6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Bd3 dxc4 7.Bxc4 b5 8.Bd3
b4 9.Ne4 Bb7 10.Nxf6+ Nxf6 11.Qa4 Be7 12.Bd2 a5 13.e4 O-O 14.e5 Nd7
15.Qc2 h6 16.h4 c5 17.Rh3 Bxf3 18.Bxh6 Bxh4 19.gxf3 gxh6 20.Ke2 Nxe5
21.dxe5 Qd4 22.Rxh4 Qxh4 23.Rg1+ Kh8 24.Qc1 f6 25.Rg6 1-0

53.) Karpov - Kasparov, Moscow (9) 1984
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.g3 Nf6 6.Bg2 Be7 7.O-O O-O 8.Nc3
Nc6 9.Bg5 cxd4 10.Nxd4 h6 11.Be3 Re8 12.Qb3 Na5 13.Qc2 Bg4 14.Nf5 Rc8
15.Bd4 Bc5 16.Bxc5 Rxc5 17.Ne3 Be6 18.Rad1 Qc8 19.Qa4 Rd8 20.Rd3 a6
21.Rfd1 Nc4 22.Nxc4 Rxc4 23.Qa5 Rc5 24.Qb6 Rd7 25.Rd4 Qc7 26.Qxc7
Rdxc7 27.h3 h5 28.a3 g6 29.e3 Kg7 30.Kh2 Rc4 31.Bf3 b5 32.Kg2 R7c5
33.Rxc4 Rxc4 34.Rd4 Kf8 35.Be2 Rxd4 36.exd4 Ke7 37.Na2 Bc8 38.Nb4 Kd6
39.f3 Ng8 40.h4 Nh6 41.Kf2 Nf5 42.Nc2 f6 43.Bd3 g5 44.Bxf5 Bxf5 45.Ne3
Bb1 46.b4 gxh4 47.Ng2 hxg3+ 48.Kxg3 Ke6 49.Nf4+ Kf5 50.Nxh5 Ke6
51.Nf4+ Kd6 52.Kg4 Bc2 53.Kh5 Bd1 54.Kg6 Ke7 55.Nxd5+ Ke6 56.Nc7+
Kd7 57.Nxa6 Bxf3 58.Kxf6 Kd6 59.Kf5 Kd5 60.Kf4 Bh1 61.Ke3 Kc4 62.Nc5
Bc6 63.Nd3 Bg2 64.Ne5+ Kc3 65.Ng6 Kc4 66.Ne7 Bb7 67.Nf5 Bg2 68.Nd6+
Kb3 69.Nxb5 Ka4 70.Nd6 1-0

54.) Polugayevsky - Maslov, Moscow 1963
1.Nf3 d5 2.g3 g6 3.Bg2 Bg7 4.O-O e5 5.d3 Ne7 6.Nbd2 O-O 7.e4 dxe4
8.dxe4 b6 9.b3 a5 10.Bb2 Nbc6 11.Qe2 a4 12.Nc4 Ba6 13.h4 Qc8 14.Rad1
Bb5 15.h5 Qa6 16.hxg6 hxg6 17.Ng5 Na5 18.Qg4 Nxc4 19.bxc4 Bxc4 20.Qh4
Rfe8 21.f4 Qb5 22.Bxe5 f6 23.Qh7+ Kf8 24.Bh3 Rad8 25.Rd5 Nxd5 26.Be6
Rxe6 27.Nxe6+ Ke7 28.Nd4 Qc5 29.Qxg7+ Ke8 30.Qxg6+ Ke7 31.Rf2 fxe5
32.Qe6+ Kf8 33.fxe5+ 1-0

55.) Hommeles - Skoblikov, Rotterdam 1992
1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.f3 Bf5 5.fxe4 Nxe4 6.Qf3 Nd6 7.Bf4 e6
8.O-O-O Nd7 9.g4 Bg6 10.Qe3 Be7 11.Nf3 h6 12.Ne5 Bh7 13.h4 c6 14.d5
exd5 15.Nxc6 bxc6 16.Bxd6 Nf6 17.Bc5 Ne4 18.Nxe4 Bxe4 19.Bd3 Bxh1
20.Re1 Be4 21.Bxe4 Kf8 22.Bh7 Qd7 23.Bxe7+ Ke8 24.Bf5 Qb7 25.Bb4+
Kd8 26.Ba5+ 1-0

56.) Panczyk - Schurade, Zakopane 1978
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 O-O 6.Rc1 h6 7.Bh4 c6 8.Nf3
Nbd7 9.Bd3 dxc4 10.Bxc4 Nd5 11.Bg3 Nxc3 12.bxc3 c5 13.O-O b6 14.d5 Nb8
15.Ne5 a6 16.dxe6 Bxe6 17.Bxe6 fxe6 18.Qg4 Qc8 19.Qe4 Ra7 20.Ng6 Rf6
21.Qa8 1-0

57.) Kramnik - Shirov, Linares 1994
1.Nf3 d5 2.d4 Bf5 3.c4 e6 4.Nc3 c6 5.Qb3 Qb6 6.c5 Qc7 7.Bf4 Qc8 8.e3 Nf6
9.Qa4 Nbd7 10.b4 a6 11.h3 Be7 12.Qb3 O-O 13.Be2 Be4 14.O-O Bxf3
15.Bxf3 Bd8 16.a4 Bc7 17.Bg5 h6 18.Bxf6 Nxf6 19.b5 e5 20.b6 Bb8 21.a5
exd4 22.exd4 Bf4 23.Qc2 Qd7 24.g3 Qxh3 25.Bg2 Qh5 26.gxf4 Ng4 27.Rfd1
Rae8 28.Rd3 Qh2+ 29.Kf1 f5 30.Qd2 Rf6 31.f3 Re4 32.Nxd5 cxd5 33.c6
Rxf4 34.cxb7 Re4 35.Rc1 Kh7 36.b8Q Qxb8 37.fxg4 Qh2 38.Rf3 Rxg4 39.b7
Rfg6 40.Rc2 Rxg2 41.Qxg2 Rxg2 42.Rxg2 Qh1+ 43.Kf2 Qb1 0-1

58.) Geller - Dreev, New York 1990
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 a6 4.Ngf3 c5 5.exd5 exd5 6.Be2 c4 7.O-O Bd6 8.b3 b5
9.a4 Bb7 10.bxc4 bxc4 11.Bxc4 dxc4 12.Nxc4 Be7 13.Re1 Qc7 14.Rb1 Qxc4
15.Rxb7 Nc6 16.Nd2 Qxd4 17.Bb2 Qxa4 18.Re4 Qa2 19.Bxg7 O-O-O 20.Rb3
Bf6 21.Qg4+ Kc7 22.Qf4+ Kc8 23.Bxf6 Nxf6 24.Qxf6 Qxc2 25.Qf5+ 1-0

59.) Short - Tisdall, Westmann Islands 1985
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be2 e6 7.O-O Be7 8.a4
Nc6 9.Be3 O-O 10.f4 Qc7 11.Kh1 Re8 12.Bf3 Rb8 13.Qd2 Nxd4 14.Bxd4 e5
15.Ba7 Ra8 16.Be3 exf4 17.Bxf4 Be6 18.Rfd1 Red8 19.a5 Rac8 20.h3 h6
21.Ra4 Bxh3 22.gxh3 Qd7 23.Qg2 Rxc3 24.Rad4 Rxc2 25.Qxc2 Qxh3+
26.Bh2 Qxf3+ 27.Qg2 Qxg2+ 28.Kxg2 Ng4 29.Bf4 g5 30.Kf3 h5 31.Bxd6
Bf6 32.Rd5 Kh7 33.b4 Kg6 34.Rc1 Bb2 35.Rcc5 f6 36.Bg3 Re8 37.Rc7 Be5
38.Bxe5 Nxe5+ 39.Kg2 Nc6 40.b5 axb5 41.a6 bxa6 42.Rxc6 Rxe4 43.Rxa6
Rg4+ 44.Kf3 Rf4+ 45.Ke3 h4 46.Rxb5 Kh5 47.Ra2 Kg4 48.Rg2+ Kh3
49.Rbb2 Ra4 50.Rgf2 Ra6 51.Ke4 Kg4 52.Rg2+ Kh5 53.Rb8 Kg6 54.Rg8+
Kf7 55.Rd8 Ra4+ 56.Rd4 Ra5 57.Rgd2 Re5+ 58.Kf3 Rf5+ 59.Kg2 Kg7
60.Ra4 Kg6 61.Rd3 Kg7 62.Ra6 Rf4 63.Kh3 Kg6 64.Ra8 Kg7 65.Rb3 Kg6
66.Rg8+ Kh6 67.Kg2 Kh7 68.Rbb8 Rf5 69.Kh3 Rf4 70.Rbf8 Kh6 71.Rf7
Rf3+ 72.Kg2 Rf4 73.Rh8+ Kg6 1/2

60.) Karpov - Unzicker, Nice 1974
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3
O-O 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Nd8 14.a4 Rb8
15.axb5 axb5 16.b4 Nb7 17.Nf1 Bd7 18.Be3 Ra8 19.Qd2 Rfc8 20.Bd3 g6
21.Ng3 Bf8 22.Ra2 c4 23.Bb1 Qd8 24.Ba7 Ne8 25.Bc2 Nc7 26.Rea1 Qe7
27.Bb1 Be8 28.Ne2 Nd8 29.Nh2 Bg7 30.f4 f6 31.f5 g5 32.Bc2 Bf7 33.Ng3
Nb7 34.Bd1 h6 35.Bh5 Qe8 36.Qd1 Nd8 37.Ra3 Kf8 38.R1a2 Kg8 39.Ng4 Kf8
40.Ne3 Kg8 41.Bxf7+ Nxf7 42.Qh5 Nd8 43.Qg6 Kf8 44.Nh5 1-0

61.) Pillsbury - Em. Lasker, St. Petersburg 1896
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 c5 5.Bg5 cxd4 6.Qxd4 Nc6 7.Qh4 Be7
8.O-O-O Qa5 9.e3 Bd7 10.Kb1 h6 11.cxd5 exd5 12.Nd4 O-O 13.Bxf6 Bxf6
14.Qh5 Nxd4 15.exd4 Be6 16.f4 Rac8 17.f5 Rxc3 18.fxe6 Ra3 19.exf7+ Rxf7
20.bxa3 Qb6+ 21.Bb5 Qxb5+ 22.Ka1 Rc7 23.Rd2 Rc4 24.Rhd1 Rc3 25.Qf5
Qc4 26.Kb2 Rxa3 27.Qe6+ Kh7 28.Kxa3 Qc3+ 29.Ka4 b5+ 30.Kxb5 Qc4+ 0-1

62.) Mohring - Kaikamdzozov, Zamardi 1978
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5 4.Nc3 d6 5.e4 g6 6.f3 h5 7.h4 Bh6 8.Bxh6 Rxh6
9.g3 Rh8 10.Bh3 a6 11.Bxc8 Qxc8 12.Qd2 Kf8 13.Nh3 Kg7 14.Kf2 Nbd7
15.Kg2 Qd8 16.b3 Qa5 17.a4 Rab8 18.Qb2 Qd8 19.Rhf1 Nf8 20.Rf2 N8h7
21.Rh1 Qe7 22.Rff1 Rhf8 23.Nf2 Nd7 24.g4 Nhf6 25.Qd2 Rh8 26.Rh3 Qd8
27.g5 Ne8 28.Nd3 Qe7 29.f4 Nc7 30.Rhf3 Rhf8 31.f5 Kg8 32.Ne2 Rbe8
33.Ng3 Qd8 34.R3f2 Kg7 35.Qe2 Rh8 36.Qb2 a5 37.fxg6 fxg6 38.Rf7+ Kg8
39.Nf4 Rh7 40.Rxh7 Kxh7 41.Nfxh5 Rf8 42.Qe2 Rxf1 43.Qxf1 Qe7 44.Nf6+
Nxf6 45.gxf6 Qf7 46.h5 gxh5 47.Qf5+ Kh6 48.Nxh5 Ne8 49.Kf2 Qf8 50.Kg3
Qg8+ 51.Kh2 Qf7 52.Kh3 Qf8 53.Kg4 Qg8+ 54.Kf3 Qf8 55.Ke2 Qf7 56.Ke3
Qf8 57.Kd3 Qf7 58.Kc2 Qf8 59.Kc3 Qf7 60.Kd3 Qf8 61.Kc2 Qf7 62.Kb2 Qf8
63.Ka3 Qf7 64.Ka2 Qf8 65.Kb2 Qf7 66.Ka3 Qf8 67.Ka2 Qf7 68.Ka1 Qf8
69.Kb1 Qf7 70.Kc1 Qf8 71.Kd1 Qf7 72.Kd2 Qf8 73.Ke1 Qf7 74.Kf1 Qf8
75.Kg1 Qf7 76.Kh2 Qf8 77.f7 Ng7 78.Qf6+ Kxh5 79.Kg3 b6 80.Kh3 Ne8
81.Qf5+ Kh6 82.Qe6+ Kh7 83.fxe8Q Qf3+ 84.Kh4 Qf2+ 85.Kh5 Qh2+
86.Qh3 Qxh3+ 87.Kg5 Qg3+ 88.Kf6 Qf3+ 89.Ke7 Qxb3 90.Qh5+ Kg7
91.Qg4+ 1-0

63.) A. Petrosyan - Hasaj, Schilde 1970
1.c4 g6 2.Nc3 Bg7 3.d4 Nf6 4.e4 d6 5.f3 e5 6.d5 Na6 7.Be3 Nh5 8.Qd2
Qh4+ 9.Bf2 Qe7 10.O-O-O O-O 11.Be3 f5 12.Bd3 f4 13.Bf2 Bf6 14.Nge2
Bh4 15.Bg1 Bd7 16.Kb1 b6 17.Nc1 Nc5 18.Bc2 a5 19.Bxc5 bxc5 20.Ba4 Bxa4
21.Nxa4 Rfb8 22.Qc2 Kh8 23.Rd3 Rb4 24.Ra3 Qe8 25.Nd3 g5 26.h3 Nf6
27.Rc1 Kg7 28.b3 Nd7 29.Qd2 Rb7 30.Ndb2 Nb6 31.Ka1 h5 32.Nd1 Nxa4
33.Rxa4 Rb4 34.Nc3 Qc8 35.Nb5 Bg3 36.Qe2 Kf6 37.Rb1 Ke7 38.a3 Rxa4
39.bxa4 Kd8 40.Nc3 Rb8 41.Rb5 Rxb5 42.axb5 Qa8 43.Na4 Qa7 44.Ka2 Kc8
45.Qb2 Qb6 46.Nxb6+ cxb6 47.h4 gxh4 48.Qd2 h3 49.gxh3 h4 50.Kb3 Kb7
51.Ka4 Ka7 52.Qg2 Kb7 53.Qb2 Ka7 54.Qc2 Kb7 55.Qc3 Ka7 1/2

64.) Tal - Brinck Claussen, Havana 1966
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.Nc3 Nc6 4.e3 e6 5.d4 d5 6.a3 cxd4 7.exd4 Be7 8.Bd3
O-O 9.O-O dxc4 10.Bxc4 b6 11.Qd3 Bb7 12.Rd1 Rc8 13.Ba2 Qc7 14.Bg5
Rfd8 15.Qe2 Nd5 16.Nxd5 exd5 17.Qd3 Qd6 18.Bxe7 Nxe7 19.Re1 Ng6 20.g3
Re8 21.h4 Qf6 22.h5 Nf8 23.Rxe8 Rxe8 24.Ne5 Qg5 25.Qf3 f6 26.Nc4 Rd8
27.Re1 Bc8 28.Ne3 Be6 29.Rc1 Bf7 30.h6 Qxh6 31.Rc7 Qg5 32.Rxa7 Ng6
33.Nxd5 Bxd5 34.Ra8 Bxa2 35.Rxd8+ Kf7 36.Qc6 Ne7 37.Qe8+ Ke6 38.Rc8
Qd5 39.Rc3 Qd7 40.Re3+ Kd6 41.Qb8+ Kc6 42.a4 Nd5 43.Re1 Qd6
44.Rc1+ Kd7 45.Qc8+ 1-0

65.) Alburt - Lerner, Kiev 1978
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5 4.Nc3 d6 5.e4 Be7 6.Nge2 O-O 7.Ng3 Ne8 8.h4 g6
9.h5 Bg5 10.hxg6 fxg6 11.Be2 Qf6 12.Bf3 Na6 13.Bxg5 Qxg5 14.Qd2 Qe7
15.Nf1 Nac7 16.Qh6 Rb8 17.Be2 a6 18.a4 b6 19.Ne3 Qg7 20.Qxg7+ Kxg7
21.O-O Nf6 22.g3 Bd7 23.Kg2 h5 24.Rfb1 a5 25.Rh1 Rh8 26.Rh2 Rbe8
27.Rah1 Rh7 28.Kf1 Re7 29.Ke1 Kg8 30.Kd2 Nce8 31.Kd3 Ng4 32.Bxg4 hxg4
33.Rh6 Rxh6 34.Rxh6 Rh7 35.Rxg6+ Kf7 36.Rg5 Kf6 37.Rxg4 Bxg4
38.Nxg4+ Ke7 39.Ne3 Rh1 40.Ke2 Nf6 41.Nf1 Rg1 42.Ne3 Kd7 43.Kf3 Rc1
44.Ned1 Ke7 45.Ke3 Kf7 46.Kd2 Ra1 47.Kc2 Kg6 48.b3 Kg5 49.f3 Nh5 50.g4
Nf4 51.Kb2 Rxd1 52.Nxd1 Nd3+ 53.Kc3 Ne1 54.Ne3 Nxf3 55.Nf5 Kxg4
56.Nxd6 Ng5 57.Kd3 Kf3 58.Kd2 Kf2 59.Kd1 Kf3 60.Kd2 Kf2 61.Kc2 Ke3
62.Nb7 Nxe4 63.d6 Nf6 64.Nxc5 bxc5 65.b4 axb4 66.a5 e4 67.a6 Kf2 68.a7
e3 69.a8Q e2 70.Qf8 e1Q 71.Qxf6+ Kg3 72.Qg5+ Kh3 73.Qd2 Qa1 74.d7
Qa2+ 75.Kd1 Qb3+ 76.Kc1 Qa3+ 77.Kd1 Qb3+ 78.Ke2 Kg4 79.Qd1
Qxc4+ 80.Ke3+ 1-0

66.) Bronstein - Rojahn, Moscow 1956
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5.exd5 Na5 6.d3 h6 7.Nf3 e4 8.dxe4
Nxc4 9.Qd4 Nb6 10.c4 c5 11.Qd3 Bg4 12.Nbd2 Be7 13.O-O O-O 14.Ne5 Bh5
15.b3 Nbd7 16.Bb2 Nxe5 17.Bxe5 Nd7 18.Bc3 Bf6 19.Rae1 Bxc3 20.Qxc3
Qf6 21.e5 Qf5 22.f4 Bg6 23.Ne4 Rab8 24.Qf3 Bh7 25.g4 Qg6 26.f5 Qb6
27.Qg3 f6 28.e6 Ne5 29.h4 Kh8 30.g5 Rbc8 31.Kh1 Qd8 32.g6 Bxg6 33.fxg6
b5 34.d6 Qb6 35.d7 Nxd7 36.exd7 Rcd8 37.Nxf6 Qc6+ 38.Qg2 Qxg2+
39.Kxg2 1-0

67.) Zeitlin - Monin, USSR 1978
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 Nc6 4.Ngf3 Nf6 5.e5 Nd7 6.Nb3 Be7 7.c3 a5 8.a4 b6
9.h4 Ba6 10.Bxa6 Rxa6 11.Bg5 h6 12.Bf4 Qa8 13.h5 Kd8 14.Nc1 Kc8 15.Nd3
Kb7 16.Bd2 Qf8 17.Kf1 Ra8 18.Rb1 g5 19.b4 axb4 20.cxb4 g4 21.b5 gxf3
22.bxc6+ Kxc6 23.gxf3 Kb7 24.Qc2 f6 25.Nf4 fxe5 26.Nxe6 Qxf3 27.Rh2
Rxa4 28.Qxc7+ Ka6 29.Be3 Qf5 30.Re1 Qxe6 31.Rg2 Bg5 32.Bxg5 hxg5
33.Rxg5 Ra2 34.dxe5 Rf8 35.Kg1 Rg8 36.Rxg8 Qxg8+ 37.Kf1 Nc5 38.Rb1
Qe6 39.Qg7 Qh3+ 40.Kg1 Ra4 0-1

68.) Timman - Kasparov, Hilversum m3 1985
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3
O-O 9.h3 Bb7 10.d4 Re8 11.Ng5 Rf8 12.Nf3 Re8 13.Nbd2 Bf8 14.a3 h6
15.Bc2 Nb8 16.b4 Nbd7 17.Bb2 g6 18.c4 exd4 19.cxb5 axb5 20.Nxd4 c6
21.a4 bxa4 22.Bxa4 Qb6 23.Nc2 Qc7 24.Bb3 Ba6 25.Rc1 Bg7 26.Ne3 Bb5
27.Nd5 Nxd5 28.Bxg7 Kxg7 29.exd5 Ne5 30.Ne4 Nd3 31.Qd2 Ra3 32.Nf6
Rxe1+ 33.Rxe1 Kxf6 34.Qc3+ Ne5 35.f4 Ba4 36.fxe5+ dxe5 37.d6 Qxd6
38.Qf3+ Ke7 39.Qxf7+ Kd8 40.Rd1 Ra1 41.Qf6+ 1-0

69.) Aronson - Tal, Moscow 1957
1.d4 e6 2.c4 f5 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 Be7 5.g3 O-O 6.Bg2 d6 7.O-O Qe8 8.Re1
Qg6 9.e4 fxe4 10.Nxe4 Nxe4 11.Rxe4 Nc6 12.Qe2 Bf6 13.Bd2 e5 14.dxe5
dxe5 15.Bc3 Bf5 16.Nh4 Bxh4 17.Rxh4 Rae8 18.Qe3 h6 19.b4 Qf6 20.b5 Nd8
21.Bd5+ Kh8 22.f4 exf4 23.Qd2 Qb6+ 24.Bd4 Qg6 25.Qxf4 Kh7 26.Qxc7
Bb1 27.Be5 Ne6 28.Qd6 Qf5 29.Bf4 Ng5 30.Qb4 Be4 31.Bxe4 Rxe4 32.Rf1
Re2 33.Qd6 Rxa2 34.Qd5 Qc2 35.c5 Rd8 36.Bd6 Re8 0-1

70.) Kotov - Keres, Budapest 1950
1.c4 Nf6 2.d4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.a3 Bxc3+ 5.bxc3 Nc6 6.f3 b6 7.e4 Ba6 8.e5
Ng8 9.Nh3 Na5 10.Qa4 Ne7 11.Bd3 O-O 12.Bg5 h6 13.Bh4 d5 14.Bb1 g5
15.Qc2 Ng6 16.Nf4 gxh4 17.Nxg6 Re8 18.Nh8 Re7 19.Qh7+ Kf8 20.f4 Nxc4
21.f5 exf5 22.O-O Bc8 23.Bxf5 Bxf5 24.Rxf5 Ke8 25.Rxf7 Kd7 26.Qf5+ Kc6
27.Qf6+ Kd7 28.e6+ Kc6 29.Rxe7 Qxh8 30.Rxc7+ Kb5 31.Qe7 a5 32.Qd7+
Ka6 33.Rb1 1-0

71.) Robovic - Van Wely, Munich 1992
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.Bb5+ Bd7 4.Bxd7+ Nxd7 5.O-O Ngf6 6.Re1 e6 7.a4 Be7
8.c3 O-O 9.Na3 Rc8 10.d3 a6 11.h3 Qc7 12.Bf4 Rfd8 13.Nh2 b6 14.Ng4 Qc6
15.Nxf6+ Nxf6 16.Re3 b5 17.axb5 axb5 18.Rg3 Kh8 19.Bg5 c4 20.Nc2 h6
21.Ra7 cxd3 22.Bxh6 gxh6 23.Rxe7 dxc2 24.Qf3 c1Q+ 25.Kh2 Ng4+
26.Rxg4 f5 27.Rgg7 Q1xc3 28.bxc3 Qxc3 29.Rh7+ Kg8 30.Qh5 Qf6 31.exf5
exf5 32.Rxh6 Qxe7 33.Rh8+ Kg7 34.Rh7+ Kg8 35.Rh8+ Kg7 36.Rh7+ Kf8
37.Qxf5+ Ke8 38.Qh5+ Kf8 39.Qf5+ Ke8 40.Rh8+ 1-0

72.) Malinin - Savinov, Leningrad 1988
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6 Bxa6 6.Nc3 d6 7.Nf3 g6 8.g3 Bg7
9.h4 O-O 10.h5 Nbd7 11.hxg6 hxg6 12.Bh3 Re8 13.Qc2 Rb8 14.Be3 Nxd5
15.Qxg6 fxg6 16.Be6+ Kf8 17.Nxd5 Rxb2 18.Ng5 Nf6 19.Nf4 Qa5+ 20.Kf1
Bxe2+ 21.Kg1 Reb8 22.Bf7 Rb1+ 23.Kh2 Ng4+ 24.Kh3 Rxh1+ 25.Rxh1
Nxf2+ 26.Bxf2 Bg4+ 27.Kxg4 Rb4 28.Kf3 Qa3+ 29.Be3 Qa8+ 30.Bd5 Qa5
31.Nfe6+ Kg8 32.Nc7+ e6 33.Bxe6+ Kf8 34.Nh7+ Ke7 35.Bg5+ Bf6
36.Bxf6+ 1-0

73.) Geller - Euwe, Zurich 1953
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 c5 5.a3 Bxc3+ 6.bxc3 b6 7.Bd3 Bb7 8.f3
Nc6 9.Ne2 O-O 10.O-O Na5 11.e4 Ne8 12.Ng3 cxd4 13.cxd4 Rc8 14.f4 Nxc4
15.f5 f6 16.Rf4 b5 17.Rh4 Qb6 18.e5 Nxe5 19.fxe6 Nxd3 20.Qxd3 Qxe6
21.Qxh7+ Kf7 22.Bh6 Rh8 23.Qxh8 Rc2 24.Rc1 Rxg2+ 25.Kf1 Qb3 26.Ke1
Qf3 0-1

74.) Hollis -Baumbach, CR 1976
1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 e6 5.Bg5 dxc4 6.e4 b5 7.e5 h6 8.Bh4 g5
9.Nxg5 hxg5 10.Bxg5 Nbd7 11.exf6 Bb7 12.g3 Qb6 13.Bg2 O-O-O 14.O-O
Ne5 15.dxe5 Rxd1 16.Raxd1 Bc5 17.Ne4 Bd4 18.Nd6+ Kc7 19.Bf4 Rf8
20.Bh6 Rh8 21.Bg7 Rd8 22.Nxf7 Bxf2+ 23.Kh1 Rxd1 24.Rxd1 Qe3 25.Nd6
Qe2 26.Ra1 Qh5 27.g4 Qh7 28.f7 Bg3 29.h3 c5 30.Nxb7 Qxg7 31.Rf1 Qf8
32.Nxc5 1-0

75.) Kamsky - Karpov, Dortmund 1993
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Nd7 5.Ng5 Ngf6 6.Bd3 e6 7.N1f3 Bd6
8.Qe2 h6 9.Ne4 Nxe4 10.Qxe4 Nf6 11.Qh4 Ke7 12.Ne5 Bxe5 13.dxe5 Qa5+
14.c3 Qxe5+ 15.Be3 b6 16.O-O-O g5 17.Qa4 c5 18.Rhe1 Bd7 19.Qa3 Rhd8
20.g3 Qc7 21.Bd4 Be8 22.Kb1 Rd5 23.f4 Rad8 24.Bc2 R5d6 25.Bxf6+ Kxf6
26.fxg5+ hxg5 27.Rxd6 Rxd6 28.c4 Ke7 29.Qe3 f6 30.h4 gxh4 31.gxh4 Qd7
32.Qh6 e5 33.h5 Qg4 34.Qh7+ Kd8 35.h6 Rd2 36.Qf5 Qxf5 37.Bxf5 Bd7
38.Bg6 Rh2 39.h7 Ke7 40.Bd3 Be6 41.Rg1 f5 42.Rg7+ Kf6 43.Rxa7 e4
44.Be2 f4 45.b3 f3 46.Bd1 Bf5 47.Kc1 Bxh7 48.Rb7 Ke5 49.Rxb6 Rxa2 0-1

76.) Stanishevsky - Nikonov, USSR 1993
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 e6 4.Bxc6 bxc6 5.d3 g6 6.O-O Bg7 7.e5 Ne7 8.Nc3
O-O 9.Ne4 d5 10.Nxc5 Nf5 11.d4 Rb8 12.Bg5 Qc7 13.b3 Rb6 14.Kh1 a5
15.Qd2 Ba6 16.Rg1 h6 17.Bf6 Bxf6 18.exf6 Kh7 19.g4 Nd6 20.Rae1 Bb5
21.Qf4 Qd8 22.Re3 Ne8 23.Nd7 Qxd7 24.Ne5 Qd8 25.Nd7 Qxd7 26.Rh3 h5
27.gxh5 g5 28.Qxg5 Qd8 29.h6 Qxf6 30.Qg7+ Nxg7 31.hxg7+ Qh6
32.gxf8N+ Kh8 33.Rxh6+ 1-0

77.) Portisch - Tal, Amsterdam 1964
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.g3 d6 3.d4 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.O-O O-O 6.c4 Bg4 7.Nc3 Qc8 8.Re1
Re8 9.Qb3 Nc6 10.d5 Na5 11.Qa4 b6 12.Nd2 Bd7 13.Qc2 c6 14.b4 Nxc4
15.Nxc4 cxd5 16.Na3 d4 17.Bxa8 Qxa8 18.Ncb5 Rc8 19.Qd1 Ne4 20.f3 a6
21.Nxd4 Qd5 22.Be3 Rc3 23.Ndc2 Qf5 24.g4 Qe6 25.Bd4 h5 26.Bxg7 hxg4
27.Nd4 Qd5 28.fxe4 Qxe4 29.Nf3 Qe3+ 30.Kh1 Bc6 31.Rf1 Rxa3 32.Qc1
gxf3 33.Qxc6 Qxe2 34.Rg1 Kxg7 35.Rae1 Qd2 36.Rd1 Qe2 37.Rde1 Qd2
38.Rd1 Qe2 39.Rde1 1/2

78.) P. Van der Weide - Ligterink, Leipzig 1973
1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Bd3 Nc6 4.c3 e5 5.d5 Nb8 6.f4 Nbd7 7.Nf3 exf4 8.Bxf4
g6 9.O-O Bg7 10.Nbd2 O-O 11.Qe1 Ng4 12.Qg3 Nge5 13.Bc2 Qe7 14.Rf2 a5
15.Raf1 a4 16.a3 c6 17.Nd4 cxd5 18.exd5 Nc5 19.N2f3 Bd7 20.Bg5 f6 21.Bf4
Rae8 22.h4 f5 23.h5 Ne4 24.Bxe4 fxe4 25.Ng5 Ng4 26.Nde6 Nxf2 27.Bxd6
Nh1 28.Rxf8+ Qxf8 29.Nxf8 Nxg3 30.Nxd7 Ne2+ 31.Kf2 Nxc3 32.bxc3 Rd8
33.c4 Rxd7 34.c5 Bd4+ 35.Ke2 Bxc5 36.Bxc5 Rxd5 37.Nxe4 Rxh5 38.Nf6+
Kf7 39.Nxh5 gxh5 0-1

79.) Shabalov - Ronin, Kiev 1983
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.g3 b5 3.Bg2 Bb7 4.O-O e6 5.a4 b4 6.a5 c5 7.c4 a6 8.d4 Nc6 9.d5
Nxa5 10.Ne5 Bd6 11.Nxd7 Nxc4 12.Nxf6+ Qxf6 13.Qa4+ Kf8 14.e4 exd5
15.exd5 Qf5 16.Nd2 Nxd2 17.Bxd2 h5 18.h4 g6 19.Bg5 Re8 20.Rae1 Rxe1
21.Rxe1 Kg7 22.Be4 Qe5 23.Qd7 Bc8 24.Qc6 Be7 25.Bf4 Qxb2 26.Bf5 Bf6
27.Bxc8 b3 28.Qb7 Bd4 29.Rf1 Rxc8 30.Qxc8 Qc2 31.Qb8 b2 32.Be5+ Bxe5
33.Qxe5+ Kh7 34.Qb8 c4 35.d6 c3 36.d7 Qd2 37.d8Q Qxd8 38.Qxd8 c2
39.Qd2 b1Q 40.Rc1 1-0

80.) Euwe - Alekhine, Amsterdam m2 1935
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Qb3 dxc4 5.Qxc4 Be6 6.Qb5+ Nc6 7.Nf3 Rb8
8.Ne5 Bd7 9.Nxd7 Qxd7 10.d5 Nd4 11.Qd3 e5 12.e3 Nf5 13.e4 Nd6 14.f4
Qe7 15.Be3 Ng4 16.Bxa7 Ra8 17.h3 Rxa7 18.hxg4 Bg7 19.Qe3 Ra5 20.f5 Bf6
21.a4 Bh4+ 22.g3 Bg5 23.Qf3 O-O 24.b4 Raa8 25.Ra2 Ne8 26.Rb2 Nf6
27.Be2 c6 28.dxc6 bxc6 29.O-O Rad8 30.Kg2 Rd4 31.b5 cxb5 32.axb5 Rb8
33.fxg6 fxg6 34.b6 Qb7 35.Kh3 Rd6 36.Nd5 Kg7 37.Rc2 Nxd5 38.exd5 Rxb6
39.Rc6 Rxc6 40.dxc6 Qe7 41.Bc4 Kh6 42.Qh1 Rb2 43.Rf7 Qe8 44.c7 Rc2
45.Qb7 1-0

81.) Voronov - Estrin, USSR 1972
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.h3
d6 9.c3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.dxc5 dxc5 14.Nf1 Be6
15.Ne3 Rad8 16.Qe2 g6 17.Ng5 Nh5 18.Nxe6 fxe6 19.g3 c4 20.Ng4 Bc5
21.Kg2 Nd4 22.cxd4 exd4 23.Bg5 d3 24.Bxd8 Qb8 25.Nh6+ Kh8 26.Qd2
Rxf2+ 27.Qxf2 Bxf2 28.Bf6+ Nxf6 29.Kxf2 Qf8 0-1

82.) Greenfeld - J. Polgar, Haifa 1989
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.Nf3 g6 5.cxb5 a6 6.Nc3 axb5 7.d6 Bg7 8.e4 O-O
9.e5 Ng4 10.Bg5 Nxe5 11.Bxe7 Re8 12.Bxb5 Nec6 13.O-O Nxe7 14.dxe7
Rxe7 15.Qd5 Ra5 16.Qxc5 Na6 17.Qc4 Nc7 18.a4 Nxb5 19.axb5 Rxa1
20.Rxa1 Bb7 21.Qf4 h6 22.h3 Kh7 23.Rd1 f5 24.Nd5 Re2 25.b3 Rb2 26.Qd6
Bxd5 27.Qxd5 Qb6 28.Nd4 Qc7 29.h4 Rd2 30.Re1 Rxd4 31.Qf7 Rxh4 32.g3
Re4 33.Rd1 Qc2 34.Qxd7 Qxb3 35.Kg2 Re5 36.Rd6 Qb1 37.Qf7 f4 38.Rd7
f3+ 39.Qxf3 Qxb5 40.Qf7 Qc6+ 0-1

83.) Keres - D. Byrne, San Antonio 1972
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.e3 O-O 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.Bc4 Nb6
8.Bb3 c5 9.O-O cxd4 10.exd4 Nc6 11.d5 Na5 12.Bg5 h6 13.Be3 Bg4 14.h3
Bxf3 15.Qxf3 Nbc4 16.Bc1 Nxb3 17.axb3 Nd6 18.Re1 Re8 19.Be3 a6 20.Bf4
Qd7 21.Ra4 Rac8 22.g4 a5 23.Be5 Rc5 24.Rf4 Bxe5 25.Rxe5 b5 26.Qe3 Qc7
27.Rf3 b4 28.Ne2 a4 29.Qxh6 a3 30.bxa3 bxa3 31.Rg5 a2 32.Rxf7 a1Q+
33.Kg2 1-0

84.) Porath - Larsen, Moscow 1956
1.Nf3 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.b3 Bg7 5.Bb2 d6 6.d4 c6 7.e3 Qa5 8.a3 O-O
9.Be2 e5 10.b4 Qc7 11.d5 h6 12.c5 e4 13.Nd4 dxc5 14.Qb3 cxd4 15.d6+ Be6
16.Qxe6+ Qf7 17.Qxf7+ Rxf7 18.exd4 Rd7 19.d5 Nxd5 20.Bc4 Kh7 21.Bxd5
Bxc3+ 22.Bxc3 cxd5 23.g4 Rxd6 24.gxf5 gxf5 25.Rd1 Nc6 26.b5 Nd8 27.f3
Ne6 28.fxe4 fxe4 29.Rf1 Ng5 30.Rf5 d4 31.h4 Nf3+ 32.Ke2 Rc8 33.Bb4 Rg6 0-1

85.) Kramnik - Shirov, Linares 1998
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.f3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nb6 6.Nc3 Bg7 7.Be3 O-O 8.Qd2
e5 9.d5 c6 10.h4 h5 11.Be2 cxd5 12.exd5 N8d7 13.d6 Nf6 14.Bg5 Re8 15.Rd1
Be6 16.Nh3 Nc4 17.Bxc4 Bxc4 18.b3 Ba6 19.Nd5 e4 20.Nxf6+ Bxf6 21.d7
Qb6 22.dxe8Q+ Rxe8 23.Qe3 Bxg5 24.Qxb6 Bxh4+ 25.Kd2 axb6 26.fxe4
Rxe4 27.Kc2 Rg4 28.Rd2 Be7 29.Rg1 Kg7 30.Nf2 Rf4 31.Nd3 Re4 32.Rgd1
Bb5 33.a4 Bc6 34.Re1 Rxe1 35.Nxe1 Bb4 36.Re2 Bxe1 37.Rxe1 Bxg2 38.Kd2
h4 39.Ke3 Bd5 40.b4 h3 41.Re2 f5 42.Rd2 Be4 43.Kf4 Bg2 44.Rd7+ Kf6
45.Rh7 g5+ 46.Kg3 f4+ 47.Kg4 Ke5 48.b5 0-1

86.) Timman - Kasparov, Moscow 1981
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.f3 O-O 6.Be3 Nc6 7.Nge2 a6 8.Nc1 e5
9.d5 Nd4 10.Nb3 Nxb3 11.Qxb3 c5 12.dxc6ep bxc6 13.O-O-O Qe7 14.Qb6
Bb7 15.g4 Rab8 16.h4 Rfc8 17.h5 Nd5 18.exd5 cxd5 19.Rxd5 Bxd5 20.Nxd5
Qe6 21.Qa7 Ra8 22.Qb7 Rab8 23.Qa7 Ra8 24.Qb7 1/2

87.) Kasparov - Petrosyan, Tilburg 1981
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bg4 5.Bxc4 e6 6.h3 Bh5 7.Nc3 a6 8.g4 Bg6
9.Ne5 Nbd7 10.Nxg6 hxg6 11.Bf1 c6 12.Bg2 Qc7 13.O-O Be7 14.f4 Nb6
15.g5 Nfd7 16.Qg4 O-O-O 17.Rb1 Kb8 18.b4 Nd5 19.Na4 f5 20.Qg3 Nxb4
21.Bd2 Nd5 22.Rfc1 Ka7 23.Qe1 Ba3 24.Rc2 Qd6 25.Rb3 Qe7 26.Qe2 Rb8
27.Qd3 Bd6 28.Nb2 Rhc8 29.Nc4 Bc7 30.a4 b5 31.axb5 cxb5 32.Ra2 Kb7
33.Bb4 Qe8 34.Bd6 Ra8 35.Qb1 Kc6 36.Rba3 bxc4 37.Rxa6+ Rxa6 38.Rxa6+
Bb6 39.Bc5 Qd8 40.Qa1 Nxc5 41.dxc5 Kxc5 42.Ra4 0-1

88.) Richter - Baratz, Prague 1931
1.d4 d5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Bg5 Bf5 4.f3 c6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.f4 Qa5 7.Bd3 Ne4 8.Bxe4
Bxe4 9.Nf3 f6 10.Bh4 e6 11.O-O Bxf3 12.Qxf3 f5 13.Rae1 Qb4 14.e4 dxe4
15.Nxe4 fxe4 16.Qxe4 Qd6 17.Qf5 Qxd4+ 18.Kh1 Be7 19.Qxe6 O-O-O
20.Bxe7 Rhe8 21.Qh3 Qxb2 22.Bxd8 Rxd8 23.Qb3 Qf6 24.Qe6 Qc3 25.Re2
Kc7 26.h3 Nf6 27.Qe5+ Qxe5 28.fxe5 Nd5 29.Rf7+ 1-0


89.) Tal - Lutikov, Tallinn 1964
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d5 3.exd5 e4 4.Qe2 f5 5.d3 Nf6 6.dxe4 fxe4 7.Nc3 Bb4
8.Qb5+ c6 9.Qxb4 exf3 10.Bg5 cxd5 11.O-O-O Nc6 12.Qa3 Be6 13.Bc4 Qe7
14.Nxd5 Qxa3 15.Nc7+ Ke7 16.Rhe1 Qc5 17.Rxe6+ Kf8 18.Rxf6+ gxf6
19.Ne6+ Ke7 20.Nxc5 fxg5 21.Rd7+ Kf6 22.Rd6+ Ke7 23.Re6+ Kd8
24.Nxb7+ Kc7 25.Bd5 Nb4 26.Bxf3 Rae8 27.Nc5 Nxa2+ 28.Kb1 Rxe6
29.Nxe6+ Kd7 30.Nc5+ Kd6 31.Nd3 1-0

90.) Gelfand - Shirov, Polanica Zdroj 1998
1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.c4 Bg7 4.Nc3 d5 5.cxd5 Nxd5 6.e4 Nxc3 7.bxc3 c5
8.Rb1 O-O 9.Be2 cxd4 10.cxd4 Qa5+ 11.Bd2 Qxa2 12.O-O Bg4 13.Bg5 h6
14.Bh4 a5 15.Rxb7 g5 16.Bg3 a4 17.h4 a3 18.hxg5 hxg5 19.Rc7 Na6 20.Rxe7
Qb2 21.Bc4 Qb4 22.Bxf7+ Kh8 23.Rd7 Bxd7 24.Nxg5 Qb6 25.Be6 Qxe6
26.Nxe6 Bxe6 27.Be5 Rf7 28.Qh5+ Kg8 29.Qg6 Bd7 30.Bxg7 Rxg7 31.Qd6
Kh7 32.Qxa3 Nc7 33.Qe3 Ne6 34.d5 Ng5 35.f4 Nh3+ 36.Kh1 Ra2 37.f5 Ng5
38.f6 Rg6 39.f7 1-0

91.) Karpov - Csom, Bad Lauterberg 1977
1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 c5 3.Nf3 e6 4.g3 b6 5.Bg2 Bb7 6.O-O d6 7.b3 Be7 8.d4 cxd4
9.Qxd4 a6 10.Ba3 O-O 11.Rfd1 Ne8 12.Bb2 Nd7 13.e4 Nc5 14.Qe3 Qb8
15.Nd4 Nf6 16.h3 Rc8 17.g4 h6 18.f4 Nh7 19.Qf2 Ra7 20.Rd2 Ba8 21.Re1
Bf6 22.h4 g5 23.hxg5 hxg5 24.fxg5 Bxg5 25.Rdd1 Nd7 26.Rd3 Ne5 27.Rh3
Re8 28.Nce2 Rc7 29.a4 Qd8 30.Qg3 Ng6 31.Qh2 f6 32.Rd1 Rg7 33.Nf3 Bxe4
34.Rxd6 Qc7 35.Ba3 Be3+ 36.Kf1 Bc5 37.Bxc5 Qxc5 38.Rd4 Bxf3 39.Rxf3
Ne5 40.Rh3 Nxg4 41.Qd6 Qf5+ 42.Rf3 Qb1+ 43.Rd1 Qe4 44.Rg3 Ne3+
45.Kg1 Nxg2 46.Rxg7+ Kxg7 47.Ng3 Qa8 48.Qc7+ Kh8 49.Rd7 Nf8 50.Nf5 1-0

92.) Averbakh - Kotov, Zurich 1953
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nf3 Nbd7 4.Nc3 e5 5.e4 Be7 6.Be2 O-O 7.O-O c6 8.Qc2
Re8 9.Rd1 Bf8 10.Rb1 a5 11.d5 Nc5 12.Be3 Qc7 13.h3 Bd7 14.Rbc1 g6
15.Nd2 Rab8 16.Nb3 Nxb3 17.Qxb3 c5 18.Kh2 Kh8 19.Qc2 Ng8 20.Bg4 Nh6
21.Bxd7 Qxd7 22.Qd2 Ng8 23.g4 f5 24.f3 Be7 25.Rg1 Rf8 26.Rcf1 Rf7
27.gxf5 gxf5 28.Rg2 f4 29.Bf2 Rf6 30.Ne2 Qxh3+ 31.Kxh3 Rh6+ 32.Kg4
Nf6+ 33.Kf5 Nd7 34.Rg5 Rf8+ 35.Kg4 Nf6+ 36.Kf5 Ng8+ 37.Kg4 Nf6+
38.Kf5 Nxd5+ 39.Kg4 Nf6+ 40.Kf5 Ng8+ 41.Kg4 Nf6+ 42.Kf5 Ng8+
43.Kg4 Bxg5 44.Kxg5 Rf7 45.Bh4 Rg6+ 46.Kh5 Rfg7 47.Bg5 Rxg5+ 48.Kh4
Nf6 49.Ng3 Rxg3 50.Qxd6 R3g6 51.Qb8+ Rg8 0-1

93.) Kengis - Gufeld, USSR 1983
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.c3 Nf6 4.Bd3 Nc6 5.h3 e5 6.O-O Be7 7.Bc2 O-O 8.d3 h6
9.Nbd2 Be6 10.Re1 Qc7 11.Nf1 Rad8 12.N3h2 d5 13.Qf3 d4 14.c4 Nh7
15.Ng3 Bg5 16.Nf5 Nb4 17.Bb3 b5 18.h4 bxc4 19.Bxc4 Bxc4 20.dxc4 Bxc1
21.Rexc1 Kh8 22.Qg3 f6 23.a3 Nc6 24.Nf3 Rb8 25.b4 Nd8 26.h5 Ng5
27.N3h4 Re8 28.Ng6+ Kh7 29.Qd3 cxb4 30.axb4 Rxb4 31.c5 Nc6 32.Ra6
Reb8 33.Rca1 Ne6 34.Qg3 Rb3 35.Nf8+ Nxf8 36.Rxc6 Qf7 37.Qg4 Rb1+
38.Rxb1 Rxb1+ 39.Kh2 Rc1 40.Rc8 d3 41.Nd6 Qd7 42.Nf5 Qf7 43.Nh4 d2
44.Qf5+ Kg8 45.Ng6 Rxc5 46.Qe6 Rxc8 47.Ne7+ Kh7 48.Qxf7 Ne6 49.Nxc8
d1Q 50.Ne7 Qd8 51.Qxe6 a5 52.Qf7 a4 53.Nf5 Qg8 54.Qa7 a3 55.Qxa3 Qe8
56.Qh3 1-0

94.) Timman - Hubner, Wijk Aan Zee 1982
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Be7 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Bf4 Nf6 6.Qc2 O-O 7.Nf3 c6 8.e3
Nbd7 9.Bd3 Re8 10.h3 Nf8 11.g4 Be6 12.Ng5 c5 13.Be5 h6 14.Nf3 N6d7
15.O-O-O Rc8 16.Kb1 a6 17.Bf5 b5 18.dxc5 Nxe5 19.Nxe5 Rxc5 20.Nd3 Rc4
21.Ne5 Rc5 22.Qb3 Qc7 23.Nd3 Rc4 24.Nf4 Bxf5+ 25.gxf5 d4 26.Ncd5 Qe5
27.Qd3 dxe3 28.Rhe1 Bc5 29.fxe3 Nh7 30.Rg1 Ng5 31.h4 Ne4 32.f6 Bf8
33.fxg7 Bxg7 34.Rg2 Kh7 35.Rdg1 Bh8 36.a3 Rg8 37.Nb6 Rxg2 38.Rxg2 Rc7
39.Nd7 Qe7 40.Ne6 1-0

95.) Garcia Palermo - Vera, Havan 1981
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 c6 4.Nbd2 Nf6 5.g3 c5 6.Bg2 Nc6 7.cxd5 exd5 8.O-O
Bf5 9.Qa4 Qd7 10.Rd1 c4 11.b3 c3 12.Nf1 a6 13.Ne5 b5 14.Nxd7 Kxd7
15.Ne3 Be6 16.Qa3 Bxa3 17.Bxa3 b4 18.Bc1 a5 19.Nc4 dxc4 20.d5 c2 21.Rd2
c3 22.dxc6++ Kc8 23.Rd4 a4 24.bxa4 Rxa4 25.c7 b3 26.Rxa4 b2 27.Ra8+
Kd7 28.Rxh8 Ke7 29.Bf1 Nd5 30.e4 Nxc7 31.Bg5+ f6 32.Rc1 fxg5 33.Rxc2
b1Q 0-1

96.) Kasparov - Portisch, Brussels 1986
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.Nc3 Be7 5.Bg5 O-O 6.e3 Nbd7 7.Qc2 h6 8.cxd5
exd5 9.Bf4 c5 10.Be2 b6 11.O-O Bb7 12.Rfd1 Re8 13.dxc5 bxc5 14.a4 Qa5
15.Nh4 Red8 16.Nf5 Bf8 17.Nb5 Ne8 18.Bd6 Nxd6 19.Nfxd6 Rab8 20.Nxb7
Rxb7 21.Rxd5 Rdb8 22.Qd2 Qxd2 23.Rxd2 Nf6 24.Ra2 Ne4 25.Rc2 Rd7
26.g3 a5 27.Kg2 g6 28.Bf3 Nf6 29.Na3 Bd6 30.Bc6 Rdd8 31.Ra1 Be5 32.Bb5
Nd5 33.Rb1 Bd6 34.Rd2 Nb6 35.Rc1 Be7 36.Re2 Rbc8 37.Nb1 Kg7 38.Nd2
Ra8 39.Nb3 Rdc8 40.Rec2 c4 41.Nd2 Ra7 42.Nxc4 Nxc4 43.Rxc4 Rxc4
44.Rxc4 f5 45.h3 h5 46.g4 hxg4 47.hxg4 fxg4 48.Kg3 Bd6+ 49.Kxg4 Re7
50.Bc6 Rf7 51.f4 Kh6 52.Bd5 Rf6 53.Rc1 Kg7 54.b3 Rf8 55.Rd1 Bc5 56.Rd3
Ba3 57.Be4 Bc1 58.Rd7+ Kh6 59.Re7 Bd2 60.Kf3 Bb4 61.Rb7 Bc3 62.Bd3
Rf6 63.Kg4 Bd2 64.f5 1-0

97.) Kotkov - Vistanetskis, Vilnius 1961
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 exd4 4.e5 Ne4 5.Qxd4 d5 6.exd6ep Nxd6 7.Bd3 Nc6
8.Qf4 g6 9.Bd2 Qe7+ 10.Be2 Ne4 11.Nc3 Nxd2 12.O-O-O Be6 13.Nd4 Nxd4
14.Qxd4 Nb3+ 15.axb3 Bh6+ 16.Kb1 O-O 17.Qe4 c6 18.Bc4 Bg7 1/2

98.) Kasparov - Karpov, Seville 1987
1.c4 e6 2.Nc3 d5 3.d4 Be7 4.Nf3 Nf6 5.Qc2 O-O 6.Bg5 c5 7.dxc5 dxc4 8.e4
Qa5 9.e5 Nd5 10.Bxc4 Nxc3 11.O-O Qxc5 12.Qxc3 Nc6 13.Bxe7 Qxe7 14.a3
Bd7 15.Rac1 Rfd8 16.b4 a6 17.Qe3 Be8 18.Bd3 Na7 19.Bb1 Bc6 20.Ng5 h6
21.Ne4 Nb5 22.Rc4 Bxe4 23.Bxe4 Rac8 24.Rxc8 Rxc8 25.Rc1 Rxc1+
26.Qxc1 Qd7 27.g3 b6 28.Kg2 Qd8 29.h4 a5 30.bxa5 bxa5 31.Qc5 Nd4 32.h5
f5 33.Bb7 Kf7 34.Kh2 Qb8 35.Qxd4 Qxb7 36.g4 Qf3 37.Qd7+ Kf8 1/2

99.) Janowski - Ed. Lasker, New York 1924
1.d4 d5 2.Bf4 Nf6 3.e3 e6 4.Bd3 c5 5.c3 Qb6 6.Qc2 Nbd7 7.Nd2 Bd6 8.Bxd6
Qxd6 9.f4 Ng4 10.Nf1 cxd4 11.cxd4 Qb4+ 12.Ke2 Nb6 13.a3 Qe7 14.Nf3
Bd7 15.h3 Rc8 16.Qxc8+ Nxc8 17.hxg4 Nd6 18.Rc1 Nc4 19.Bxc4 dxc4
20.N1d2 b5 21.Rh5 f6 22.g5 Kd8 23.Rch1 Be8 24.Rxh7 Rxh7 25.Rxh7 fxg5
26.Nxg5 Kc8 27.Rh8 Kb7 28.Nde4 Kb6 29.Nc5 Bc6 30.Ngxe6 Bd5 31.Ng5
Ka5 32.e4 Bc6 33.Ke3 Be8 34.Nf3 b4 35.Ne5 Bb5 36.a4 Bxa4 37.Nxc4+ Kb5
38.Ne5 Ka5 39.Rb8 Bb5 40.g3 g5 41.Nf3 gxf4+ 42.gxf4 Qh7 43.f5 Qh1
44.Nb3+ Ka4 45.Nbd2 Qh6+ 46.Kf2 Bd3 47.Rg8 Qf4 48.Rh8 b3 49.Rh4 Qc7
50.f6 Bc4 51.Rh5 Be6 52.Re5 Qf7 53.Rxe6 Qxe6 54.e5 Kb4 55.Ke3 a5 56.Kf4
a4 57.Ng5 Qd7 58.f7 Qe7 59.d5 a3 60.bxa3+ Kc3 61.d6 Qf8 62.Nge4+ Kd3
63.e6 Qh6+ 64.Kf5 b2 65.d7 Qf8 66.a4 Qa8 67.e7 Qd5+ 68.Kf6 Qd4+
69.Ke6 b1Q 70.Nxb1 Qxe4+ 71.Kf6 Qh4+ 1/2

100.) Taimanov - Larsen, Vinkovci 1970
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 c5 5.dxc5 O-O 6.Bf4 Bxc5 7.Nf3 Nc6 8.e3
d5 9.a3 Qa5 10.Rc1 Be7 11.Be2 dxc4 12.Bxc4 Nd5 13.Bxd5 exd5 14.Qb3 g5
15.Bg3 g4 16.Nd4 Nxd4 17.exd4 Bg5 18.O-O Bxc1 19.Rxc1 Be6 20.h3 gxh3
21.Be5 f6 22.Ne4 fxe5 23.Qg3+ Bg4 24.Qxg4+ Kh8 25.Ng5 Qd2 26.Rc7
Qxf2+ 27.Kh2 Qxg2+ 28.Qxg2 hxg2 29.dxe5 Rac8 30.Rxb7 Rc2 31.Nf7+
Kg7 32.e6 Kf6 33.e7 g1Q++ 34.Kxg1 Rg8+ 0-1

101.) Browne - Bisguier, Chicago 1974
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nxe5 d6 4.Nf3 Nxe4 5.d4 d5 6.Bd3 Be7 7.O-O Nc6 8.c4
Nb4 9.cxd5 Nxd3 10.Qxd3 Qxd5 11.Re1 Bf5 12.Nc3 Nxc3 13.Qxc3 c6 14.Bh6
Rg8 15.Re5 Qd7 16.Rae1 Be6 17.Ng5 O-O-O 18.Nxf7 Bxf7 19.Rxe7 Qxd4
20.Rxf7 Qxc3 21.bxc3 gxh6 22.Rb1 Rg5 23.h4 Rb5 24.Rxb5 cxb5 25.Rxh7
Rd1+ 26.Kh2 Rd2 27.Rxh6 Rxa2 28.h5 Rxf2 29.Rh8+ Kc7 30.h6 Kb6
31.Kh3 a5 32.g4 b4 33.cxb4 axb4 34.Re8 Rf1 35.Kg2 Rf7 36.g5 Rf5 37.h7
Rxg5+ 38.Kf3 Rh5 39.h8Q Rxh8 40.Rxh8 1-0

102.) Keres - Richter, Munich 1942
1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nxd4 Bb4 6.Bg5 h6 7.Bh4 g5
8.Bg3 d6 9.Rc1 Nxd4 10.Qxd4 Bf5 11.h4 Kd7 12.Rd1 Ne4 13.Qe5 Bxc3+
14.bxc3 Nxg3 15.fxg3 Bg6 16.hxg5 Qxg5 17.Qf4 Rae8 18.Rd5 Qxf4 19.gxf4
b6 20.Kf2 h5 21.e3 h4 22.Be2 Be4 23.Rg5 Reg8 24.Bg4+ Kc6 25.Rxg8 Rxg8
26.Rxh4 Kc5 27.Bf3 Bxf3 28.Kxf3 Kxc4 29.Rh7 Rf8 30.g4 Kxc3 31.Ke4 c5
32.g5 c4 33.Kd5 Kb4 34.e4 c3 35.Rh2 Re8 36.Rc2 b5 37.f5 a5 38.Kxd6 Kc4
39.e5 b4 40.Kd7 Ra8 41.e6 fxe6 42.f6 a4 43.g6 b3 44.axb3+ axb3 45.Rxc3+
Kxc3 46.f7 b2 47.g7 b1Q 48.f8Q Qb7+ 49.Kxe6 Ra6+ 50.Ke5 Qb5+ 51.Kf4
Ra4+ 52.Kg3 Qd3+ 53.Qf3 Ra8 54.g8Q Rxg8+ 55.Kh2 Rh8+ 56.Kg1 Rg8+
57.Kh2 Kc2 58.Qc6+ Kd1 59.Qf3+ Qe2+ 0-1

103.) Neikirich - Radulov, Sinaya 1964
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Bc5 6.c3 Ba7 7.d4 Nxe4 8.Re1
f5 9.Rxe4 fxe4 10.Bg5 Ne7 11.Nxe5 O-O 12.Bxd7 Bxd7 13.Qb3+ Kh8
14.Nf7+ Rxf7 15.Qxf7 Bc5 16.dxc5 Be6 17.Qh5 Qd5 18.Nd2 h6 19.Nxe4 Bf7
20.Qg4 hxg5 21.Nxg5 Rd8 22.Qh4+ Kg8 23.Qh7+ Kf8 24.Qh8+ Bg8 25.h4
Ng6 26.Qh5 Qxg2+ 0-1

104.) Pachmann - Timman, Geneve 1978
1.Nf3 g6 2.d4 Nf6 3.g3 b6 4.Bg2 Bb7 5.c4 c5 6.d5 b5 7.O-O Bg7 8.Nfd2 a6
9.Nc3 d6 10.Rb1 Nbd7 11.Qc2 bxc4 12.Nxc4 O-O 13.b3 a5 14.Bd2 Nb6
15.Nxb6 Qxb6 16.Rfd1 Bc8 17.Na4 Qa6 18.e4 Bg4 19.Re1 Be2 20.Bf1 Bxf1
21.Rxf1 Ng4 22.Nb2 Ne5 23.f4 Ng4 24.Nc4 Bd4+ 25.Kg2 a4 26.h3 axb3
27.axb3 Nf6 28.Rfe1 Rfb8 29.Re2 Qb5 30.Bc3 Bxc3 31.Qxc3 Ra3 32.Qc1
Rba8 33.Qd1 Ra2 34.Kf3 Qb4 35.Qd3 Rxe2 36.Kxe2 Ra2+ 37.Kf3 Rh2 38.e5
Nh5 39.h4 Rh3 40.Rg1 Qe1 41.Qxg6+ hxg6 42.Rxe1 Rxg3+ 43.Kf2 Rxb3
44.exd6 exd6 45.Nxd6 Rd3 46.Re8+ Kg7 47.Rd8 Nf6 48.Nb7 c4 49.d6 c3
50.Rc8 Rd2+ 51.Ke3 Rd1 1/2

105.) Fischer - Benko, New York 1963
1.e4 g6 2.d4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6 4.f4 Nf6 5.Nf3 O-O 6.Bd3 Bg4 7.h3 Bxf3 8.Qxf3
Nc6 9.Be3 e5 10.dxe5 dxe5 11.f5 gxf5 12.Qxf5 Nd4 13.Qf2 Ne8 14.O-O Nd6
15.Qg3 Kh8 16.Qg4 c6 17.Qh5 Qe8 18.Bxd4 exd4 19.Rf6 Kg8 20.e5 h6
21.Ne2 1-0

106.) Short - Timman, Tilburg 1991
1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.Nf3 g6 5.Bc4 Nb6 6.Bb3 Bg7 7.Qe2 Nc6 8.O-O
O-O 9.h3 a5 10.a4 dxe5 11.dxe5 Nd4 12.Nxd4 Qxd4 13.Re1 e6 14.Nd2 Nd5
15.Nf3 Qc5 16.Qe4 Qb4 17.Bc4 Nb6 18.b3 Nxc4 19.bxc4 Re8 20.Rd1 Qc5
21.Qh4 b6 22.Be3 Qc6 23.Bh6 Bh8 24.Rd8 Bb7 25.Rad1 Bg7 26.R8d7 Rf8
27.Bxg7 Kxg7 28.R1d4 Rae8 29.Qf6+ Kg8 30.h4 h5 31.Kh2 Rc8 32.Kg3
Rce8 33.Kf4 Bc8 34.Kg5 1-0

107.) Mason - Winawer, Vienna 1882
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d3 d6 5.Be3 Bb6 6.Nbd2 h6 7.Nf1 Nf6 8.h3
Ne7 9.Ng3 c6 10.Bb3 Bxe3 11.fxe3 Qb6 12.Qd2 a5 13.c3 a4 14.Bd1 Be6
15.O-O Qc7 16.Nh4 b5 17.Bc2 c5 18.Ngf5 Bxf5 19.Nxf5 Nxf5 20.Rxf5 Nd7
21.Raf1 f6 22.Bd1 a3 23.Bh5+ Ke7 24.b3 Rhf8 25.R5f3 Nb6 26.Rg3 Kd8
27.Bg4 Qe7 28.Be2 Kc7 29.d4 c4 30.Rb1 g5 31.bxc4 bxc4 32.Rb4 Qe6 33.d5
Qc8 34.Bxc4 Na4 35.Bb5 Nc5 36.Qe2 f5 37.exf5 e4 38.Bc6 Rb8 39.Qh5 Rf6
40.Rxg5 hxg5 41.Qh7+ Nd7 42.Bxd7 Qg8 43.Rb7+ Kxb7 44.Bc8++ Ka8
45.Qxg8 Rxf5 46.Qd8 Rxd5 47.Qd7 Rb1+ 48.Kh2 Rd2 49.Qc6+ Kb8
50.Qxe4 Rbb2 51.Be6 Kc7 52.Qc4+ Kb6 53.Bd5 g4 54.hxg4 Rf2 55.Qc6+
Ka7 56.Qc7+ 1-0

108.) Bellon - Garcia, Cienfuegos 1976
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be2 e6 7.O-O Qc7 8.f4
Be7 9.Kh1 Nc6 10.Be3 O-O 11.Qe1 Na5 12.Rd1 b5 13.e5 dxe5 14.fxe5 Qxe5
15.Bf4 Qc5 16.Bf3 Bb7 17.b4 Qxb4 18.Bxb7 Rad8 19.Nc6 Nxc6 20.Bxc6 Rc8
21.Bd2 Rxc6 22.Nd5 Nxd5 23.Bxb4 Bxb4 24.Qe4 Bc3 25.Rd3 Rc4 26.Qf3 Bf6
27.Ra3 Rxc2 28.Rxa6 Rfc8 29.g3 Rc1 30.Rxc1 Rxc1+ 31.Kg2 Rc2+ 32.Kh3
g5 33.Ra3 Be7 34.Qd1 Rb2 35.Ra7 f5 36.Rxe7 Nxe7 37.g4 Nd5 38.gxf5 Rg2 0-1

109.) Polugayevsky - Torre, Moscow 1981
1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 e6 5.Bg5 dxc4 6.e4 b5 7.e5 h6 8.Bh4 g5
9.Nxg5 hxg5 10.Bxg5 Nbd7 11.exf6 Bb7 12.g3 c5 13.d5 Nb6 14.dxe6 Qxd1+
15.Rxd1 Bxh1 16.e7 a6 17.h4 Bh6 18.f4 b4 19.Rd6 Rb8 20.Nd1 Bxg5 21.fxg5
Nd5 22.Bxc4 Nxe7 23.fxe7 Kxe7 24.Rf6 Rhf8 25.Ne3 Be4 26.Rxa6 Rbd8
27.Rf6 Rd6 28.Rf4 Rd4 29.h5 Bd3 30.Nd5+ Kd6 31.Rxd4 cxd4 32.Bb3 Bc2
33.Bxc2 Kxd5 34.Bb3+ Ke5 35.g4 Kf4 36.g6 Ke3 37.g7 Rc8 38.Kf1 d3
39.Kg2 Kf4 40.h6 1-0

110.) Karpov - Kasparov, New York m3 1990
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 O-O 6.Be2 e5 7.Be3 Qe7 8.dxe5
dxe5 9.Nd5 Qd8 10.Bc5 Nxe4 11.Be7 Qd7 12.Bxf8 Kxf8 13.Qc2 Nc5 14.Rd1
Nc6 15.O-O Ne6 16.Nb6 axb6 17.Rxd7 Bxd7 18.Qd2 Be8 19.b3 e4 20.Ne1 f5
21.Bd1 Ne5 22.Nc2 Rxa2 23.Qd5 Ke7 24.Nb4 c6 25.Qxe6+ Kxe6 26.Nxa2
Nf7 27.Be2 Nd6 28.Nb4 Bc3 29.Nc2 f4 30.Rd1 h5 31.f3 e3 32.g3 g5 33.Bd3
h4 34.Kf1 c5 35.Ke2 b5 36.cxb5 Nxb5 37.Bc4+ Ke7 38.Rd5 Bf6 39.Rxc5
Nc3+ 40.Kf1 Bg6 41.Ne1 Kd6 42.Ra5 fxg3 43.hxg3 hxg3 44.Ng2 b5
45.Ra6+ Ke7 46.Ra7+ Ke8 47.Ra8+ Bd8 48.Nxe3 bxc4 49.Nxc4 g4 50.Kg2
Ne2 51.Ne5 gxf3+ 52.Kxf3 g2 53.Rxd8+ 1/2

111.) Porreca - Bronstein, Belgrade 1954
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Bf5 5.Ng3 Bg6 6.h4 h6 7.Nh3 Bh7 8.Bc4
Nf6 9.Nf4 Nbd7 10.O-O Qc7 11.Re1 Bg8 12.Nd3 e6 13.Bf4 Bd6 14.Bxd6
Qxd6 15.Nf5 Qf8 16.Qf3 O-O-O 17.Ng3 Bh7 18.a4 Bxd3 19.Bxd3 Qd6 20.a5
a6 21.Ra3 g5 22.h5 Qf4 23.Qe2 Kc7 24.c3 Rhe8 25.Ne4 Nxe4 26.Qxe4 Qxe4
27.Bxe4 Nf6 28.Bf3 g4 29.Bd1 Rg8 30.Re5 Rd5 31.Ra4 Rg5 32.Bb3 Rdxe5
33.dxe5 Nd7 34.Bd1 Nxe5 35.Re4 Rxh5 36.Bxg4 Nxg4 37.Rxg4 Rxa5 38.Rg7
Rf5 39.g4 Rf6 40.Kg2 Kd6 41.Kg3 e5 42.Rg8 Kd5 0-1

112.) Vyzmanavin - Sorokin, Toliatti 1985
1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 e6 3.b3 Nf6 4.g3 Be7 5.Bg2 O-O 6.Bb2 c5 7.O-O a6 8.cxd5
Nxd5 9.d4 cxd4 10.Nxd4 b5 11.e4 Nb4 12.e5 Ra7 13.a3 Nd5 14.Nd2 Rc7
15.Ne4 b4 16.axb4 Nxb4 17.Qe2 Bb7 18.Rad1 Nd7 19.f4 Qa8 20.f5 Nc5
21.Nf6+ gxf6 22.Nc6 Kh8 23.exf6 Bd8 24.Rf4 e5 25.Rxd8 Rxd8 26.Rh4 Bxc6
27.Qh5 Rd1+ 28.Qxd1 Bxg2 29.Qh5 Qg8 30.Rg4 Qf8 31.Rg7 Qxg7 32.fxg7+
Kg8 33.Bxe5 Rd7 34.Kxg2 Rd2+ 35.Kg1 Nbd3 36.Bd4 Nxb3 37.Bc3 Rc2
38.Bf6 Rc1+ 39.Kg2 Rc6 40.Qg5 Rc2+ 41.Kg1 Nd2 42.Qe3 Nf3+ 43.Qxf3
Rc1+ 44.Qf1 a5 45.Qxc1 Nxc1 46.Kf2 a4 47.Ke3 a3 48.Bc3 a2 49.f6 Nb3
50.Kd3 Nc5+ 51.Kc2 Ne4 52.Ba1 h6 53.Kb3 Nd2+ 54.Kxa2 Nf1 55.h3 Nxg3
56.Kb3 Ne4 57.Kc4 Ng5 58.Bd4 Ne6 59.Be3 h5 60.Kd5 Kh7 61.Ke4 Nd8
62.Kf3 Nb7 63.Kf4 Nd6 64.Bd4 Kg8 65.Kg5 h4 66.Be5 Nc4 67.Bf4 Nb2
68.Kxh4 Nd3 69.Kg4 Nc5 70.Kf5 Kh7 71.h4 Ne6 72.h5 Nd4+ 73.Ke4 Ne6
74.Be3 Kg8 75.Kd5 Nc7+ 76.Kc6 Ne6 77.Kd7 Kh7 78.Ke7 Kg8 79.h6 Kh7
80.Bb6 Kg8 81.h7+ Kxh7 82.Kxf7 Ng5+ 83.Ke7 Kg8 84.Be3 Nf7 85.Bf4
Kh7 86.Kf8 1-0

113.) Zaichik - Psakhis, USSR 1980
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be2 e5 7.Nb3 Be7 8.O-O
O-O 9.Bg5 Be6 10.f4 exf4 11.Bxf4 Nc6 12.Kh1 Rc8 13.Qe1 Nd7 14.Rd1 Nde5
15.Nd5 Bg5 16.Bg3 Kh8 17.c3 b5 18.h3 Rb8 19.Nb4 Nxb4 20.Bxe5 Nc2
21.Qg3 Ne3 22.Rxd6 Nxf1 23.Bxf1 Qe7 24.Nd4 f6 25.Rxe6 fxe5 26.Be2 Qd8
27.Qxe5 Bf4 28.Qd5 Qh4 29.Nf3 Qf2 30.Qd1 Rbd8 31.Nd4 Qg3 32.Qg1 Be3
33.Qd1 Rf2 34.Bf3 Bf4 35.h4 0-1

114.) Rusakov - Verlinsky, Moscow 1947
1.e4 e5 2.c3 Nc6 3.d4 Nf6 4.Bg5 h6 5.Bh4 g5 6.Bg3 exd4 7.e5 dxc3 8.exf6
cxb2 9.Qe2+ Qe7 10.fxe7 Bg7 0-1

115.) Fischer - Schweber, Buenos Aires 1970
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5 c5 5.a3 Bxc3+ 6.bxc3 Qc7 7.Nf3 Nc6 8.Be2
Bd7 9.O-O Nge7 10.a4 Na5 11.Re1 cxd4 12.cxd4 Nc4 13.Bd3 h6 14.Nd2
Nxd2 15.Bxd2 Nc6 16.Qg4 g6 17.Re3 O-O-O 18.Rg3 Kb8 19.Rf3 f5 20.exf6ep
e5 21.Qg3 Nxd4 22.Re3 e4 23.Rxe4 Qxg3 24.Rxd4 Qg4 25.Rxg4 Bxg4
26.Bxg6 Rhg8 27.Bh7 Rh8 28.Bd3 Rde8 29.f7 Re7 30.f8Q+ Rxf8 31.Bb4 Rff7
32.Bxe7 Rxe7 33.f3 Bd7 34.a5 Kc7 35.Kf2 Rf7 36.Ke3 Kd6 37.g3 Kc5 38.f4
Bg4 39.Rb1 Re7+ 40.Kd2 b6 41.axb6 axb6 42.h3 Bd7 43.g4 d4 44.f5 Re3
45.f6 Rf3 46.Rf1 Rxf1 47.Bxf1 1-0

116.) Nezhmetdinov - Chernikov, Rostov 1962
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6 5.Nc3 Bg7 6.Be3 Nf6 7.Bc4 O-O
8.Bb3 Ng4 9.Qxg4 Nxd4 10.Qh4 Qa5 11.O-O Bf6 12.Qxf6 Ne2+ 13.Nxe2
exf6 14.Nc3 Re8 15.Nd5 Re6 16.Bd4 Kg7 17.Rad1 d6 18.Rd3 Bd7 19.Rf3 Bb5
20.Bc3 Qd8 21.Nxf6 Be2 22.Nxh7+ Kg8 23.Rh3 Re5 24.f4 Bxf1 25.Kxf1 Rc8
26.Bd4 b5 27.Ng5 Rc7 28.Bxf7+ Rxf7 29.Rh8+ Kxh8 30.Nxf7+ Kh7
31.Nxd8 Rxe4 32.Nc6 Rxf4+ 33.Ke2 1-0

117.) Timman - Van Wijgerden, Rotterdam 1979
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 g6 4.Nc3 Bg7 5.e4 d6 6.Nf3 O-O 7.h3 e6 8.Bd3 exd5
9.exd5 Re8+ 10.Be3 Bh6 11.O-O Bxe3 12.fxe3 Kg7 13.Qd2 Ng8 14.Ne4 Qe7
15.Qc3+ f6 16.Rf2 Bf5 17.Neg5 Bc8 18.Raf1 h6 19.Bxg6 Kxg6 20.Qd3+ Kg7
21.Ne5 dxe5 22.Qh7+ Kf8 23.Rxf6+ Nxf6 24.Qh8+ 1-0

118.) Bogdanovic - Planinc, Novi Sad 1965
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5 Qd7 5.Bd2 b6 6.Nh3 Nc6 7.a3 Bf8 8.Be3 Bb7
9.f4 Na5 10.Ng5 Ne7 11.Bf2 h6 12.Nf3 O-O-O 13.Bd3 f5 14.Qe2 g5 15.fxg5
hxg5 16.Nxg5 Bh6 17.Nf7 Ng6 18.Nxh8 Nf4 19.Qf3 Nc4 20.g3 Nd2 21.Kxd2
Nxd3+ 22.Be3 Nxe5 23.Qh5 Nc4+ 24.Ke2 Bxe3 25.Nf7 Rf8 26.Ne5 Nxe5
27.Kxe3 Nc4+ 28.Kf2 Qg7 29.Ne2 Nd2 30.Qh4 f4 31.gxf4 Rh8 32.Qxh8+
Qxh8 33.h4 Qh5 34.Ke3 Nc4+ 35.Kf2 Ba6 36.Rae1 Nd2 37.Ke3 Nf3 38.Ref1
Bxe2 39.Kxe2 0-1

119.) Leonhardt - Tarrasch, Berlin 1920
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Bb4 5.exd5 Qxd5 6.Bxf6 gxf6 7.Qd2 Qa5
8.Nge2 Bd7 9.O-O-O Na6 10.Qf4 Be7 11.g3 O-O-O 12.Bg2 c6 13.Kb1 Qc7
14.Qh6 Rdg8 15.Rhe1 Bd8 16.a3 f5 17.Qe3 Kb8 18.Bh1 Bg5 19.Qf3 Bc8
20.Nc1 Rd8 21.Nb3 Bh6 22.Rd3 Bg7 23.Red1 Qe7 24.Na5 Qc7 25.b4 Ka8
26.Nc4 Rd7 27.Na4 Rhd8 28.c3 Nb8 29.Nc5 Re7 30.Kc2 b6 31.Nb3 Ba6
32.Nbd2 Bh6 33.Kb3 Rc8 34.a4 Qd8 35.Ne5 Bxd3 36.Qxd3 Bxd2 37.Rxd2 f6
38.Nxc6 Nxc6 39.b5 Kb8 40.bxc6 Qd6 41.Qb5 Kc7 42.c4 Rb8 43.Bg2 Rg7
44.f4 h5 45.Rd3 h4 46.Qa6 Kd8 47.d5 hxg3 48.hxg3 Rh7 49.Re3 e5 50.Re1
Rg7 51.Rh1 Rxg3+ 52.Bf3 Rxf3+ 53.Kc2 Rf2+ 54.Kd1 Rf1+ 55.Rxf1 Qa3
56.Rf2 Qd3+ 57.Kc1 Qc3+ 1/2

120.) Pupols - Meyers, Lone Pine 1976
1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 c5 3.d5 g6 4.c4 b5 5.cxb5 a6 6.bxa6 Bxa6 7.Nc3 Bg7 8.Bg5
h6 9.Bd2 O-O 10.h3 e6 11.dxe6 fxe6 12.Qc2 g5 13.g4 Nc6 14.Nd1 Nd4
15.Nxd4 cxd4 16.h4 d3 17.exd3 Rc8 18.Qa4 Bb7 19.Rh3 Bc6 20.Qa5 Qxa5
21.Bxa5 Nxg4 22.hxg5 hxg5 23.Rg3 Nh2 24.Be2 Bf3 25.Bc3 g4 26.Bxg7 Kxg7
27.Ne3 Kf7 28.Nxg4 Bxg4 29.Bxg4 Rc2 30.Bd1 Rxb2 31.Rh3 Rg8 32.Rg3
Rh8 33.Be2 e5 34.a4 d5 35.a5 e4 36.dxe4 dxe4 37.a6 Nf3+ 38.Bxf3 exf3
39.Rxf3+ Ke7 40.O-O-O Ra2 41.Re1+ Kd7 42.a7 Ra8 43.Rf7+ Kd6 44.Ree7
Rc8+ 45.Kd1 Rc5 46.Rd7+ Ke6 47.Rh7 Rca5 48.Ke1 R5a4 49.Kf1 Ra1+
50.Kg2 R4a3 51.Rhe7+ Kf6 52.Rb7 R3a2 53.Rh7 Ke6 54.Rb6+ Kd5
55.Rh5+ Kc4 56.Rb7 Rxa7 57.Rxa7 Rxa7 58.Re5 Kd4 59.f4 Rg7+ 60.Kf3
Rg1 61.Re8 Kd5 62.f5 Kd6 63.Kf4 Kd7 64.Re2 Rg8 65.Ra2 Ke7 66.Ke5 Rb8
67.Rh2 Rb5+ 68.Kf4 Kf7 69.Kg5 Rb6 70.Rh7+ Kf8 71.Ra7 Rc6 72.Ra8+
Kf7 73.Rb8 Ra6 74.Rb1 Rc6 75.Rb7+ Kf8 76.f6 Rc1 1/2

121.) Filguth - Korchnoi, Sao Paulo 1979
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 Nf6 4.e5 Nfd7 5.Bd3 c5 6.c3 Nc6 7.Ne2 b6 8.O-O
cxd4 9.cxd4 Nb4 10.Bb1 Ba6 11.Nf3 Rc8 12.Re1 Be7 13.a3 Nc6 14.b3 Ndb8
15.Bb2 h5 16.h3 Kd7 17.Ng3 Na5 18.Nd2 g6 19.Ngf1 g5 20.Ne3 g4 21.hxg4
hxg4 22.Nxg4 Qg8 23.Nh2 Qg7 24.Ndf3 Rcg8 25.g3 Rh3 26.Kh1 Rgh8
27.Rg1 Qh6 28.Rg2 Nxb3 29.Bd3 Bxd3 30.Qxd3 Nxa1 31.Bxa1 Qc1+ 32.Rg1
Qxa3 33.Bc3 Bb4 34.Qb5+ Nc6 0-1

122.) Stein - Portisch, Stockholm izt 1962
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 a6 5.Bd3 Nf6 6.O-O Qc7 7.Nd2 Nc6
8.Nxc6 bxc6 9.f4 Bc5+ 10.Kh1 d6 11.Nf3 e5 12.fxe5 dxe5 13.Nh4 O-O
14.Nf5 Be6 15.Qe2 a5 16.Bc4 Kh8 17.Bg5 Nd7 18.Rad1 Nb6 19.Nxg7 Bxc4
20.Bf6 Be7 21.Qf3 1-0

123.) Bird - Morphy, London 1858
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 f5 4.Nc3 fxe4 5.Nxe4 d5 6.Ng3 e4 7.Ne5 Nf6 8.Bg5
Bd6 9.Nh5 O-O 10.Qd2 Qe8 11.g4 Nxg4 12.Nxg4 Qxh5 13.Ne5 Nc6 14.Be2
Qh3 15.Nxc6 bxc6 16.Be3 Rb8 17.O-O-O Rxf2 18.Bxf2 Qa3 19.c3 Qxa2 20.b4
Qa1+ 21.Kc2 Qa4+ 22.Kb2 Bxb4 23.cxb4 Rxb4+ 24.Qxb4 Qxb4+ 25.Kc2
e3 26.Bxe3 Bf5+ 27.Rd3 Qc4+ 28.Kd2 Qa2+ 29.Kd1 Qb1+ 0-1

124.) Braga - Timman, Mar Del Plata 1982
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 Bf5 4.Nc3 e6 5.g4 Bg6 6.Nge2 c5 7.Be3 Nc6 8.dxc5
Nxe5 9.Nd4 Nf6 10.f4 Nexg4 11.Bb5+ Ke7 12.Bg1 Qc7 13.c6 b6 14.Qe2
Qxf4 15.c7 Ne4 16.Nc6+ Kd6 17.h3 Qg3+ 18.Kf1 Qf4+ 19.Ke1 Qg3+
20.Kf1 Qxc3 21.Qxg4 Qxb2 22.a4 Qxa1+ 23.Kg2 f5 24.Qh4 Qf6 25.Bh2+
Kc5 26.Nb8 Qxh4 27.c8Q+ Kb4 28.Rb1+ Ka3 29.Ra1+ Kb4 30.Rb1+ Ka3
31.Ra1+ Kb4 1/2

125.) Gomes - Neto, Rio de Janeiro 1942
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Bc5 4.Bc4 d6 5.d3 Bg4 6.Be3 Nd4 7.Bxd4 Bxd4
8.h3 Bh5 9.Nb5 Bb6 10.Qe2 Ne7 11.O-O a6 12.Na3 Ng6 13.g3 Qf6 14.Kg2
Rg8 15.c3 Nh4+ 16.gxh4 g5 17.Rg1 Bxf3+ 18.Qxf3 gxh4+ 19.Kh2 Qxf3
20.Rxg8+ Ke7 21.Rxa8 Qxf2+ 22.Kh1 Qf3+ 23.Kh2 Qg3+ 24.Kh1 Qxh3+ 0-1

126.) Ostapenko - Kurkin, USSR 1970
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6 5.Nc3 d6 6.Be3 Nf6 7.f4 Be7 8.Qf3
O-O 9.O-O-O Bd7 10.Be2 Nxd4 11.Bxd4 Bc6 12.g4 Qa5 13.g5 Nd7 14.Rhg1
b5 15.Qh5 b4 16.Nd5 exd5 17.Qh6 Ne5 18.fxe5 Rfc8 19.e6 gxh6 20.gxh6+
Kf8 21.Rdf1 Bg5+ 22.Rxg5 Rc7 23.Bg7+ Ke8 24.exf7+ Kd7 25.Bg4+ Ke7
26.Bf6+ Kf8 27.Rg8+ Kxf7 28.Rg7+ Ke8 29.Bh5+ Rf7 30.Rxf7 1-0

127.) Tal - NN, Stuttgart Simul 1958
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.f3 Nc6 8.Qd2
Bd7 9.O-O-O Qa5 10.Kb1 Rc8 11.g4 h6 12.h4 a6 13.Be2 Ne5 14.g5 hxg5 1-0


Part 15: MISCELLANEOUS CHESS QUOTATIONS

Aaron Nimzovich (GM)
"Why must I lose to this idiot?"

"The defensive power of a pinned piece is only imaginary."

"The passed pawn is a criminal, who should be kept under lock and key. Mild
measures, such as police surveillance, are not sufficient."

"An amateur who played a weak enough game to enable him to conduct an important
chess column." (describing a lesser player)

"The isolated pawn casts gloom over the entire chessboard."

"The strength of an isolani lies in its lust to expand."

"The main objective of any operation in an open file is the eventual occupation of
the seventh or eighth rank."

"Control of the center brings the possibility of influencing activity on both flanks
simultaneously."

"The effectiveness of a double-check lies in the fact that of the three possible parries
to a check, two are migratory, namely the capture of the piece giving check and the
interposition of a piece. Flight is the one and only resource."

"Even the laziest King flees wildly in the face of a double-check."

Abelard
"Chess is a good way to learn, to keep the brain fit and the ego in check, a mental
form of your local gymnasium. Those who see chess merely as a means of self-
proof make the game experience uncomfortable and drive many of the better, more
sensitive brains to analysis, correspondence, problems, studies and the like."

Absinthe
"Real life is just a crutch for those too weak to fianchetto a bishop!"

Alan A. Milne
"Chess has this in common with making poetry, that the desire for it comes upon
the amateur in gusts."

"It is impossible to win gracefully at chess. No man has yet said "mate" in a voice
which failed to sound to his opponent bitter, boastful and malicious."

Adolf Albin
"If cunning alone were needed to excel, women would be the best chess players."

Adolf Anderssen (GM)
"It is impossible to keep one's skill in a showcase, like a jewel." (on the effects
of not playing for a period of time)

"I was wrong in supposing that I could bottle up my chess and put it in a glass
case." (after defeated by Morphy)

A.F. Mackenzie
"I have lately come to think that problem composition is peculiarly a mental work,
and that employment of board and men is in many ways a nuisance. It cramps the
imaginative faculties. Certainly, the three-movers I have composed since I lost my
sight are infinitely superior, as a whole, to those composed before."

A.G. Gardiner
"Blessed be the memory of him who gave the world this immoratal game."

Akiba Rubinstein (GM)
"Who is your opponent tonight, tonight I am playing against black pieces."

Alabama Jones
"There IS chess in heaven. Your chess knowledge is one of the few things you can
take with you. Do you want to start eternity playing as a patzer, or playing good
chess? Or even worse - what if you end up somewhere else when you die, and you
still end up playing chess, but cannot improve. Then you spend an eternity as a
patzer, always falling for the same old tricks. Soon, your forehead becomes calloused
from the many times you slap it and say, "I can't believe I fell for that again!"

Albert Einstein
"Chess holds its master in its own bonds, shackling the mind and brain so that the
inner freedom of the very strongest must suffer."

"Emanuel Lasker was undoubtedly one of the most interesting people I came to
know in my later life."

Aleksander Wojtkiewicz (GM)
“Well, you’ve spent four years working with me, paid me thousands of dollars, and
now…. look…at last... you made a good move!” (GM Wojtkiewicz to his student)

Alex Davies
"Playing chess is harmless, right? It's not like eating diseased pork, which could
be pretty dangerous. That could lead to productive lives being totally wasted, and
chess is nothing like that at all."

Alex Dunne
"If chess games could be won by flinging the perfect quote at your opponent, then
I certainly intend to quote from it, even if it doesn't raise my rating."

Alex Yermolinsky (GM)
"Generally speaking, most chess players are boring, self-centered, money-oriented,
poorly educated overgrown adolescents I couldn't care less about. With some
exceptions, that includes the Linares crowd and all of the world's top twenty."

Alexander Alekhine (GM)
"During a chess competition, a Chessmaster should be a combination of a beast of
prey and a monk."

"Chess is not only knowledge and logic."

When asked, "How is that you pick better moves than you opponents?" Alekhine
responded: "I'm very glad you asked me that, because, as it happens, there is a
very simple answer. I think up my own moves, and I make my opponent think up his."

"I am Alekhine, chess champion of the world. I need no passport."

"The fact that a player is very short of time is, to my mind, as little to be considered
as an excuse as, for instance, the statement of the law-breaker that he was drunk
at the time he committed the crime."

"Chess will always be the master of us all."

"Chess is vanity."

"Chess is on a level with the other arts."

"I have had to work long and hard to eradicate the dangerous delusion that, in a bad
position, I could always, or nearly always, conjure up some unexpected combination
to extricate me from my difficulties."

"The passion is victorious. Chess is not football."

"Messieurs Alekhine, do you prefer the queen on the board or on the bed?"
An interviewer asked Alekhine. "It depends on the position."

"To win against me, you must beat me three times: in the opening, the middlegame
and the endgame."

“The idea of chess art is unthinkable without Emanuel Lasker.”

"A brain without sugar is not a brain."

Alexander Beliavsky (GM)
"Major successes do not happen without a major expenditure of nervous energy!"

Alexander Grischuk (GM)
"Sometimes my own composure drives me mad."

Alexander Khalifman (GM)
I have never asked big guns to be my friends. Since my youth, I have not befriended
those people who might be useful, rather those who are nice and interesting."

Alexander Kobletz
"No price is too great for the scalp of the enemy king."

"He had a funny habit: while his opponent was pondering a move, he would now and
then brush off specks of dust, real or imaginary, from the opponent's side of the
chessboard. Eventually, Petrosian broke him of the habit by giving him a rap on
the fingers." (on Bobby Fischer)

Alexander Morozevich (GM)
"Chess is not my calling, but only a temporary occupation, one of my methods
to develop my intellect. I will not play chess all my life."

"I have more confidence in myself than in books or in computer-based preparations.
This allows me to find new ideas. However, I lack stability, I can often line up good
and bad results. This is my weakness."

"I can beat any player in a game, I can get ahead in a tournament, but they logically
defeat me on the whole. I consider myself partly amateur. Chess remains my
greatest passion, of course, but I can do other things for months, before getting
back to it. I have other centers of interest; I have friends outside of the chess world.
This is my way of life and it suits me."

Alexander Onischuk (GM)
"I play the Ragozin when I'm playing for a win."

"The first time I played against Kasparov was in blitz games. I won with black, and
thought I'd do pretty well. Then I lost 25 games in a row. I was already a GM, and
didn't think I could lose 25 games in a row to anyone!"

"I'd play 1...e5, and he'd go for the King's Gambit. I'd probably lose." (when asked
if he could play any champion from history, he would play Paul Morphy)

"I was overwhelmed when I saw the trophy engraved with Reshevsky, Morphy and
Fischer and I realized my name would be next! I'm part of history now. I cannot
imagine how much money I could get to trade this title." (after winning the 2006
US Chess Championship)

Alexander Shabalov (GM)
"If the position after my move becomes more complicated then the game is going
in the right direction."

Alexander Stripunsky (GM)
“The more you play, the more beauty you are able to see.”

Alexander Zuvarov
"In military practice one must plan quickly and carry on without delay, so as to give
the enemy no time to collect himself."

Alexandra Kosteniuk (GM)
"I do think it's possible for women to play as good as men. They just need to work
hard from a very early age."

"The most dangerous thing for chess is electronic performance enhancement – the
use of chess computers. Sometimes players cheat by using chess programs during
a game. That's what we really have to be aware of."

"To me, chess was and is the battle of two human beings. What I love in chess is
psychology – to play against an opponent who is not a computer."

"A good chess player has to have chess intuition. That doesn't come from being a
man or a woman – it comes from your chess experience."

"I would like to play with Kasparov one day. He's retired from chess, but he's still No.
1 in the world."

Alexie Shirov (GM)
"The fact that the 7 hours time control allows us to play a great deep game is no
longer of great importance for mass-media."

"I was still too weak to understand his chess ideas at that time, but I remember
being covered in smoke." (referring to Tal)

Alexie Suetin (GM)
"My God, he plays so simply!" (speaking of Bobby Fischer)

Alexsandr Kotov (GM)
"Botvinnik is working hard at trying to make a computer play chess as well as a
human being, so let me teach human beings to analyze with the accuracy of a
machine."

"When we have the better development and our pieces display more activity, then
those circumstances must be exploited at once."

"Think in terms of schemes. Do not be in a hurry. Bring the King as quickly as
possible to the center of the board."

"Now I looked at the board in dismay. How was I going to win? Where could I
force an entry?"

"Bobby Fischer is the greatest chess genius of all time!"

"Once in a Moscow chess club I saw how two first-category players knocked
pieces off the board as they were exchanged, so that the pieces fell onto the floor.
It was as if they were playing skittles and not chess!"

Alfred Binet
"Could we look into the head of a chess player, we should see there a whole
world of feelings, images, ideas, emotion and passion."

Alfred Kreymborg
"Maybe I'm wrong, but I think that the people who really enjoy chess are the dubs
and the duffers, experts who have resigned their ambitions, those who play only
for pastime, and, of course, the great fraternity of kibitzers."

Alfred Whitehead
"We think in generalities, but we live in details."

Al-Masudi
"Man moves his pieces around the board, taking them off one by one to put them in
the box. The almighty lord moves men around, picking them off in due time to drop
them into the grave. Who then moves god around, and may take him off the board
in time?"

"Via the squares on the chess board, the Indians explain the movement of time
and the age, the higher influences which control the world and the ties which link
chess with the human soul."

Amber Berglund
"He had an essence of elegance, even though he was dressed in rags." (referring
to his boyfriend GM Aleksander Wojtkiewicz on her first sight of him)

"Aleks was the Dionysus of Chess. He was Rock & Roll. He was passionate,
emotional, defiant, deeply gifted, cultured and sometimes crude and unscouth.
He loved, he hated, he raged, he lived life like it was going out of style. And for
him, it was. He was a ball of heavenly hell-fire. He burned bright and his light
went out too soon." (on the early demise of her boyfriend GM Wojtkiewicz)

Amber Steenbock
"Live, lose, and learn, by observing your opponent, how to win."

Amos Burn
"I have never had the satisfaction of beating a completely healthy opponent."

"Necessary. Any other move loses to 1 ... b6." (on why he played 1. g3
against John Owen, the inventor of the Owen defense)

Anatol Rapoport
"One cannot play chess if one becomes aware of the pieces as living souls and
of the fact that the Whites and the Blacks have more in common with each other
than with the players. Suddenly one loses all interest in who will be champion."

Anatoly Karpov (GM)
"Chess is everything - art, science, and sport."

"You can't play chess if you're groggy from pills."

"I strongly disapprove of computer inclusion in chess tournaments. If we look on the
results of such games, I think that most Grandmasters who play computer chess see
it as additional earnings. They should be aware that computer matches may cause
adverse social effect and provoke negative attitude especially when Grandmasters
make poor performance." (on computers)

"Tal doesn't move the pieces by hand; he uses a magic wand."

"Style, I've got no style."

"He was a pitiful sight to behold. Over and over he calculated and recalculated
the variations, and couldn't understand how I could save my self. Of course
he couldn’t - he was looking for something that wasn't there." (on Polugaevsky)

"Even in the worst times, we shook hands." (on Kasparov)

"I am firmly convinced that, for a world class player, playing in open tournaments
is a big mistake, because such tournaments destroy one's style."

"When I won my first game with Korchnoi [in 1974] I was 47 kilograms. I gained a
kilogram per year, but when I got 72 kilograms I decided it was the time to stop.
Since then my weigh is constant, 72 kilograms." (on his weight)

"I don’t fear any opponent, only myself. When I’m in good form I’m not afraid of any-
body. When I’m in bad form, I can lose to anybody."

"We understand that if allow chess to continue for another four years in its present
terrible state, chess will simply disappear from the face of the earth." (referring to
FIDE President Ilyumzhimov's system)

"This match cannot end normally. Either I’ll be taken to hospital or else he'll be
taken to the insane asylum." (on the potential match against Fischer in 1975)

Anatoly Lein (GM)
"When I was a heavy smoker I would get upset when I lost the game. Now that I
no longer smoke, I get very upset when I lose a game."

"I don't think like a tree - do you think like a tree?"

Andras Adorjan (GM)
"The hedgehog is a peaceful creature. But those who try to hurt it soon experience
the sharpness of its quills."

Andre Cheron
"You can't criticize a record. You either admire it or beat it."

Andrew Bonar Law
"Chess is a cold bath for the mind."

Andrew Martin
"Always try to play with a clear head. Never even contemplate playing chess when
you are tired or frustrated. It will just make things ten times worse."

Andrew Soltis (GM)
"Chess is really 99 percent calculation."

"Pawns are born free, yet are everywhere in chains."

"Chess is a game of bad moves."

"During an international tournament, time often passes at the rate of dog years -
one week with grandmasters can seem like seven weeks with other people."

"Kibitzer: One who gives good advice to your opponent."

"You know you're going to lose. Even I was ahead I knew I was going to lose."
(on playing against Fischer)

The Sufferer:
He agonizes rather than analyzes.
"How did I fail to win this?" he asks anyone within earshot.
"What's wrong with me?"
The Sufferer is a spiritual descendant of Aaron Nimzowitsch, who after one
game is alleged to have exclaimed, "How can I lost to this idiot?"

“What was truly typical of Lasker is that he relied on tactics, not combinations.
There’s a difference. He pursued his goals with the help of tactics, often just two or
three moves deep, in much the same manner as Sammy Reshevsky, Anatoly Karpov
and Peter Leko. Most of all Lasker wanted to win games with a logical, rational plan,
as Steinitz so often did.”

Anna Zatonskih
"It may not be so easy to say who is the best player in America, but for now, we
should say Alex Onischuk."

"You must write it down. Otherwise you'll think you saw something which you didn't."

Anthony George
"The endgame is the most important, because if you get a winning advantage and
you can't turn it into a win…well that SUCKS!"

Anthony Saidy
"Chess is not to him a means to an end, a subsidized sport, a forum for testing
philosophic hypotheses, or an outlet for baser emotions. To Fischer, chess is an
end in itself."

Ariel Mengarini
"There is a tendency to dash off a half-baked brilliancy, as soon as we see a couple
of spectators gathered around our table; we don't stop to analyze it all out, for fear
they might go away."

Aristotle
"When you are lonely, when you feel yourself an alien in the world, play chess.
This will raise your spirits and be your counselor in war."

Arno Nickel
"PC programs do not understand the long-term strategical character of counterplay
on color-related field complexes. This leads to systematic misjudgments of the
strength of variations."

Arrabal "Sur Fischer"
"Chess and theatre often lead to madness."

Arthur Bisguier (GM)
"I don't know what I am going to play, so how can she know what I am going
to play." (commenting on the virtues of opening preparation)

Arthur Conan Doyle
"Excellence at chess is one mark of a scheming mind."

"Amberley excelled at chess--one mark, Watson, of a scheming mind."

Arthur Quiller-Couch
"A masterpiece is a masterpiece though a million people say so."

Arthur Saul
"Chess is an exercise full of delights."

Ashleigh Brilliant
"I don't have any solution, but I certainly admire the problem."

Assaic
"Of all the drugs in the world, chess must be the most permanently pleasurable."

"In chess, just as in life, today's bliss may be tomorrow's poison."

B.C.C.A.
"Play your best chess by post…"

Baltasar Gracian
"Whenever possible, let cold deliberation take the place of sudden outburst;
which should not prove difficult for one who has prudence."

"Think, and most about that which is more imporatant. All the fools get lost
because they do not think. They never see the half of things, and knowing
neither their loss nor their profit, they make small effort in either direction."

"Think ahead: today for tomorrow, and for many days beyond… for to the ready
there are no accidents, and to the forewarned no dangers."

Baron Tasillo
"Chess is in its essence a game, in its form an art, and its execution a science."

Batchimeg Tuvshintugs
"I was able to play the board, rather than get nervous because of my opponent's
title."

"Like all Mongolians, I miss my country, but America is better for someone like
me, with big goals. I realized, if I can beat 3 GMs, why can't I be a GM also?"

"We play against strong GMs in Open tournaments all the time, but to decide
the Women's Champion we should play each other and see who is the best."

Benjamin Finegold (GM)
"I play simple moves and try not to blunder or get in time trouble."

"I'm not a fan of books. Play in strong tournaments (open section) and analyze
your games with a strong player. The best way to improve is to play strong players
often."

"Never trade!"

Benjamin Franklin
"The game of chess is not merely an idle amusement; several very valuable
qualities of the mind are to be acquired and strengthened by it, so as to become
habits ready on all occasions; for life is a kind of chess."

"Chess is so interesting in itself, as not to need the view of gain to induce engaging
in it; and thence it is never played for money."

"Life is a kind of chess, with struggle, competition, good and ill events."

"By playing chess we learn foresight, circumspection, and caution. We learn by
chess the habit of not being discouraged by present bad appearances in the
state of our affairs the habit of hoping for a favorable chance, and that of persever-
ing in the secrets of resources."

"Chess is so interesting in itself, that those who have leisure for such diversions
cannot find one that is more innocent, but advantageous, to the vanquished as
well as the victor."

"Lost time never found again."

Benjamin Lau
"Many people consider Rotlewi to be a fish, or a completely obscure player of no
talent, not worthy of sitting at the same chess board as Rubinstein."

Bent Larsen (GM)
"Chess is a beautiful mistress."

"Chess is a beautiful mistress to whom we keep coming back, no matter how
many times she rejects us."

"The point is that chess doesn't have a strict criterion of correctness. Chess is
a multiform game!"

"I often play a move I know how to refute."

"The opponent is always very annoying!"

"One of my favorite annotations is: All pieces participate in the attack!"

"When Spassky played the Tarrasch successfully against Petrosian, I shook
my head and understood nothing, except that Petrosian was losing his title."

"Opening theory is a strange, speckled animal."

"Long variation, wrong variation."

"The difference between the sacrificial particularist Tal and the sacrificial
universalist Spassky was that when the former pitched a piece, one might
usefully fight on, whereas when the latter donated material, one might as well
begin preparing for the next round."

“I admired him ... until I studied his games.” (on Emanuel Lasker)

"Tal was a fearless fighter. Nobody could successfully accomplish so many
incorrect maneuvers! He simply smashed his opponents."

"Gideon Stahlberg was the best combination player of all time - the best at
combining chess with alcohol."

Bill Clinton
"Chess is the only game worthy of attention."

Bill Hartston
"Chess doesn't make sane people go mad, chess keeps mad people sane."

Bill Wall
"Bad moves come in waves."

"A chess player who resigns gracefully never intended to win anyway."

"Chess players never die. They just lose their mates."

"The hardest chess position to win is stalemate."

"Don't eat beans and bananas before a chess match."

Blaise Pascal
"Chess is the gymnasium of the mind."

"It is the fight that pleases us, not the victory."

Bob Dylan
"In ceremonies of the horsemen, even the pawn must hold a grudge."

Bob Kraemer
"Organizing chess players is about like trying to herd cats."

Bob Wade
"Bobby never cared about money, though. His only desire was to prove that his
choices were correct: He wanted chess to be important, because he was a chess
player, and he wanted to be important."

Bobby Ang
"Think about it, wife and kids asleep, you have a pizza right beside you and Coke
and you are watching history take place." (on 2005 World Chess Championship
live on internet)

"Tacticians pattern their play after Mikhail Tal or Alexander Alekhine. Strategists look
up to Smyslov or Capablanca as their god. Pragmatists on the other hand go for
Viktor Korchnoi or ...Emanuel Lasker!"

"In the 2006 Turin Olympiad the mantle of responsibility has been passed to the hands
of GM Mark Paragua. In him will reside the chess hopes of an entire country. He has
big shoes to fill - may he wear it well."

"One day, the chess-powers-that-be will realize that smiling at our chess players,
paying for their living expenses, giving them nice rooms to stay in one week before
departure, and encouraging them to “do their best” will NOT get us medals."

Boris Gulko (GM)
"Perhaps the solution to the mystery of bad bishops is that bishops retain the
qualities of their owners, so stronger players have better bishops than weaker
players. But even this cannot always be true."

"The idea of traveling outside was as grand as the idea of going to the moon."

"39 is too old to start playing and training to reach the highest achievement in chess.
Those 7 years were a serious blow for my chess career, but I don't regret them."

"I implore you not to be the first president of FIDE to preside over the first world chess
championship from which Jews are excluded. Our magnificent and noble game does
not deserve such a disgrace." (to FIDE President Kirsan Ilyumzhinov)

Boris Spassky (GM)
"Chess is like life."

"Chess, with all its philosophical depth, its aesthetic appeal, is first of all a game in
the best sense of the word; a game in which are revealed your intellect, character,
will."

"I still hope to kill Fischer."

"When you play against Bobby Fischer, it is not a question if you win or lose. It
is a question if you survive."

"Bobby Fischer has an enormous knowledge of chess and his familiarity with the
chess literature of the USSR is immense."

"My best time was when I was moving to become champion."

"When I am in form, my style is a little bit stubborn, almost brutal. Sometimes I feel
a great spirit of fight which drives me on."

"I don’t want ever to be champion again."

"He was an individual and so was I. Today, these players have coaches, cooks,
physicians, psychologists, and parapsychologists. The championship has become
a fight between two big collective farms." (on Fischer)

"Well, I must prepare to bite the crocodile." (on preparing for the 1992 match with
Fischer)

Brad Darrach
"Fischer is the profoundest student of chess who ever lived. He reads incessantly,
forgets nothing, turns knowledge into action with monstrous precision and ferocity."

Brian Wood
"Chess is like marriage. You cannot have a mate without a check."

Bruce A. Moon
"Adequate compensation for a sacrifice is having a sound combination leading
to a winning position; adequate compensation for a blunder is having your
opponent snatch defeat from the jaws of victory."

"Good offense and good defense both begin with good development."

"A chess game is a dialogue, a conversation between a player and his opponent.
Each move by the opponent may contain threats or be a blunder, but a player
cannot defend against threats or take advantage of blunders if he does not first
ask himself: What is my opponent planning after each move?"

"Think not of defense as drudgery one is forced to suffer through from time to time
in lieu of an offense; think of defense as offense in close quarters."

"Don't get hung up on static formations. In chess, all things are fluid, because
mobility is everything. Formations are only valid as part of a sequence or plan,
not as goals."

"When in doubt…resign."

"When in doubt…play an old move and blame it to Nimzovich!"

"When in doubt…seek a lost position."

"Even the most scintillating combinatorial imagination requires a solid foundation
of pattern recognition."

"The average player enjoys studying masters' blunders in much the same frame of
mind as someone observing the apes and monkeys in a zoo --- he sees something
of himself, but in a context which he finds reassuring, rather than painful."

"A weakness is not a weakness unless the opponent is able to take advantage.
In fact, such a weakness -- one which is theoretical as opposed to actual -- can
sometimes be useful as a tactical decoy, beguiling the opponent into pressing
for an advantage which does not exist."

"Let sleeping dogmas lie."

"While the basic rules of chess can be absorbed in a few hours, nobody becomes
a chess master overnight. The passage from relative ignorance to relative enlighten-
ment requires time and study."

"I can't play chess; therefore, the best I can hope to accomplish is to give my
opponents opportunities to go wrong."

"Premature attacks and early Queen forays tend to generate tactical opportunities
for the opponent."

"In my case, when I look at a chess position, I do not see a static arrangement
of squares and markers. I see motion and lines of force; each position tells the
story of its past while pointing towards its future. A well-played combination is a
symphony of spatial manipulation; it is poetry of the intellect and ecstacy of the
soul."

"Every move played disturbs the balance of time, force, and space -- but not
always in equal proportion or direction. It is possible to give up something in one
element while gaining "adequate compensation" from the other two. This under-
lying interaction mechanism is what makes sacrifices possible."

"Strategy is the imaginary garden; tactics are the real toads."

"In its highest form, chess becomes sublime, magniloquent poetry (such as
Marshall's "golden shower" move against Levitsky in 1912); and its nadir a show-
case of the most hopeless dreck (any game of mine will do)."

"One must be wary not to be deluded by superior game results against a small
circle of opponents. In all likelihood, this indicates, not any superior ability on
one's own part, but merely the inferior skill of one's opponents."

"How does the horsey move again?"

Bruce Pandolfini
"Be aggressive, but play soundly. Don't take unnecessary chances." (# 1 from the
64 Commandments of Chess)

"We don't really know how the game was invented, though there are suspicions.
As soon as we discover the culprits, we'll let you know."

"We're supposed to learn from our defeats, and, ideally, we should try. But
being repeatedly bludgeoned into submission is likely to leave even the
tough-minded insensate. We all need some winning once in awhile."

"Playing through a poorly-played game is like watching a train wreck -- you know
it's going to be horrendous, but there is a certain fascination in watching it unfold."

"Chess is a creative process. Its purpose is to find the truth. To discover the truth,
you must be uncompromising. You must be brave."

"Losing at chess in particular has the power to leave us feeling outwitted
and even humiliated."

"It's bad to have a wrong theory that fails, but it's worse to have a wrong theory
that works."

"If the position is unsettled, disguised your plans: make noncommittal moves."

"Reinfeld had a way of adding drama to the analysis of a chess game, and he
could truly make the personalities of the chess masters come alive."

Bryan Sewell
"I find that chess is very useful when travelling alone in Turkey….take yourself to
the nearest teahouse. Order a glass of tea, and another or Raki, and set up a
chess problem. Within seconds Turks will appear. They won't play chess with
you, but it starts a conversation. I did this once and someone asked: Can I
practise my English with you? His first question was: How many princesses
have you slept with? So now you see the point of chess."

Burt Hochberg
"Judging by its checkered past and recent history, chess is an imperfect game
perpetually striving to find its perfect form. There is no reason to believe that this
process will not continue; on the contrary, sooner or later, probably within a century
or two, the game called chess will be different from the game we played today."

"Taking the long historical view, we may say that modern chess is a game in
transition. We know what it was and what it is, but we can't yet know what it will be."

"Chess is not an easy lay."

"Chess can be very hard work if we take it seriously. All that opening analysis, all
that endgame theory, all those current games to keep up with, all that money spent
on books. The stress, the angst, the pain. You know what I mean. If we put as much
time and effort into other studies as we put into chess, we'd all speak eight languages
and have a lock on the unified field theory."

"There's no doubt that the title meant something to him. It meant more than anything.
Proof of that is the fact that after winning it he stopped competing. But with or without
the title, Bobby Fischer was unquestionably the greatest player of his time."

Buzzo
"Never forget your opponent is afraid of you."

Carsten Hansen
"Nowadays, when my opening repertoire has long been cast in iron, I don't get that
excited about the big novelties that get one or two exclamation marks. Because, as
we all know, in the next issue there will be an improvement for the other side that
proves that although the idea was interesting, it didn't win on the spot. But what I
enjoy more than anything else is sitting with my chessboard and pieces, with a good
mug of coffee and playing through top class games, usually annotated by one of
the players."

Charles Baudelaire
"There can be no progress…except by the individual himself."

Charles Buxton
"In life, as in chess, one's own pawns block one's way. A man's very wealth, ease,
leisure, children, books, which should help him to win, more often checkmate him."

Charles Dickens
"It was the best of times; it was the worst of times."

Charles Warburton
"The more one knows about the Ruy Lopez, the more one knows about chess."

"Chess is an egotistical game, and all its protagonists hold conceits of some kind
or other, else there would be no point in playing."

Chinese Proverb
"People's affections can be as thin as paper; life is like a game of chess, changing
with each move."

Chris Champion
"When the irresistible tactician meets the immovable strategist, the strategist better
be wearing a seat belt."

Cecil John Seddon Purdy
"Methodical thinking is of more use in chess than inspiration."

"If the student forces himself to examine all moves that smite, however absurd
they may look at first glance, he is on the way to becoming a master of tactics."

"Examine moves that smite! A good eye for smites is far more important than a
knowledge of strategical principles."

"Any material change in a position must come about by mate, a capture, or a
pawn promotion."

"Chess is as much a mystery as women."

"Pawn endings are to chess what putting is to golf."

"A rough and ready rule is that it nearly always pays to advance the front member
of a doubled pawn."

"Position play is the treatment of positions in which sound attacking play is not
possible, and purely defensive play is not necessary."

Che Guevara
"You know, comrade Pachman, I don't enjoy being a Minister; I would rather play
chess like you, or make a revolution in Venezuela."

ChessPraxis
"I once read that Rubinstein never offered anyone a draw although he would accept
draw offers if he thought that the position was actually drawn. When questioned
about this, he said, "A. Rubinstein never offers a draw!"

Chris Champion
"When the irresistible tactician meets the immovable strategist, the strategist
better be wearing a seat belt."

Chris Depasquale
"As long as you don't play "bullet", both chess and sex are good, but chess lasts
longer."

Cory Evans
"There are no heroes in chess."

Curt Von Bardeleben (GM)
"Saw it, went home." (note left for Steinitz, who was away from the board, referring
to the winning combination that Steinitz had)

Dan Heisman
"See a pawn and pick it up and all the game you'll have good luck."

"Positional chess was founded by the world champion Wilhelm Steinitz, who found
that by retreating all his pieces to the back rank, he could still induce his opponents
to try and capture them."

"Three early non-world champions should be mentioned: Dr. Siegbert Tarrasch, who
assimilated the theories of Morphy, Steinitz, and Lasker into one big theory that
enabled him to lose his world championship match; Aaron Nimzowitsch, whose
brilliant, eccentric, and original ideas placed him among the average grandmasters
of his day; and Richard Reti, who found the theory of letting your opponent mess
up his center first, a very useful one."

"Emmanuel Lasker used psychology to discover that if he made blunders, his
opponents would be so overjoyed that they would promptly make bigger ones.
However, he could only keep this up for 27 years, and by then his opponents
began to get wise."

"Kasparov said he was winning because Karpov was only ahead 5-3. Karpov,
from his hospital bed, protested that he felt fine and wanted to continue, but they
were not letting him." (on the first Kasparov-Karpov WCC match)

"Having a reputation as a good sport is as important as having a reputation as a
good player."

"Chess is god for the brain - even for adults. No one has ever seen a senile
chess player."

"If learning chess were that easy, everybody would be good."

"In the Ruy Lopez, the play is rich enough that the better player almost always win."

"Chess isn't 99% tactics, it's just that tactics takes up 99% of your time."

"So often, it is not a question of how much you know, but how well and
consistently you apply what you do know."

Daniel White
"Chess is a game. Chess is a battle. Chess is war. It is art, science, logic, and
beauty. Chess is the ultimate contest between two minds. Chess is the mental
torture of one's opponent, and the mental torture of oneself. Chess is drama. It is
tragedy. It is tears and frustration. Chess is despair. Chess is laughter, joy, and
triumph. Chess is friendship formed through a contest. Chess is 16 pieces, 32
men, 64 squares. It is openings and endgames, tactics and strategy. Chess is
combinations. Chess is planning. Chess is the sharpening of the mind, the exercise
of the brain. Chess is thinking. Chess is pure thought. Chess is tension, toil, and
strife. Chess is losing. Chess is winning. Chess is beating and being beaten. Chess
is where all excuses fail. Chess is a hobby, a mania, a fixation. Chess is an addiction.
Chess is a waste of time. Chess is a distraction. Chess is passion. Chess is truth.
Chess is life."

Danny Gormally (GM)
"I was jealous because he was dancing with her — maybe I was also a bit jealous
because he's the world No. 3 and I'm the world number two hundred and something.
The chess world now … I've just lost interest in it. There's a lot of egos, a lot of
competitiveness. It just doesn't interest me. I've always been a very lazy person, and
the problem with chess is that you have to be completely obsessive about it. You
have to have the passion, but gradually I think I've lost it." (after he punched world's
GM Aronian on the dancefloor with Arianne Caoili during a party in 2006 Turin Chess
Olympiad)

Danny King
"I think it is important to translate the lessons on the chessboard into real life."

Dave Barry
"My problem with chess was that all my pieces wanted to end the game as soon
as possible."

Dave Regis
"His chess was always razor-sharp, rational and brilliant. One of the best ever."
(on Fischer)

"Actually, the hardest game to win is a lost game."

David Blaine
"One of the first things I learned about magic was that there is a strong correlation
between performing magic and playing chess. The further you plan ahead, the more
effective your game or magic will be. If you can anticipate other peoples moves and
also plan out your own moves, you will be steps ahead of your audience and be
able to astound them with the regularity.

David Bronstein (GM)
"The essence of chess is thinking about what chess is."

"The most powerful weapon in chess is to have the next move."

"Chess is imagination."

"There is not a single true chessplayer in the world whose heart does not beat
faster at the mere sound of such long beloved and familiar words as 'gambit games'."

"A game of chess is not an examination of knowledge; it is a battle of nerves."

"To play a game of chess is really just one way of carrying on an argument."

"But whatever the transient fashion in openings, the Spanish Game itself is always
in fashion. Because of all the ways known in chess theory of crossing the equator,
this one is the best."

"When you play the Ruy Lopez, it's like milking a cow."

"The King’s Indian is a greater risk for black than the King’s Gambit for white."

"It is a well-known fact that during a practical game, players do not check
variations entirely but just trust each other."

"There were good moves and there were bad moves, but the most essential was
missing - the player who put all the good moves into one plan." (on the 23rd game
of his '51 World Championship match)

"Backing up for a running jump, the initiative has passed to Black."

"Having made a mistake or inexact move, you should not think "everything is
lost", and be vexed, but quickly orientate yourself, and in the new situation, look
for a new plan."

"I had the pleasure of introducing Boris Spassky to the great American player
(Fischer). They became friends instantly and have remained so until this day."

David Letterman
"There just isn't enough televised chess."

David Levy
"The beauty of his games, the clarity of his play, and the brilliance of his ideas have
made him an artist of the same stature as Brahms, Rembrandt, and Shakespeare."
(on Bob Fischer)

"Some day, in the not all too distant future, robots will write poetry and prose so
touching that it will make men weep; compose symphonies and judge court cases.
Robots will one day be so life-like that a human could fall in love and marry one."

David Norwood (GM)
"A chess player's dream is to be able to play any tournaments he wants, and make
money on his cellular phone in-between."

"Chicks don't love me anymore. If girls are interested in me, they are probably after
superficial things, like my opening knowledge, my Modern Benonis. I don't think
people appreciate the inner depths of my personality."

"Perhaps chess is useful for the banal reason that it demonstrates to children that
thinking is not boring."

David Surratt
"Although I've dabbled just a touch with variants from time to time. I've always stuck
with the real deal. I figure, until I master it, I haven't any business fooling around with
other women. Chess is a jealous mistress!"

"Yeah, but I'm infected with the Peter Pan syndrome; I don't want to grow up!!
Gambits forever!!"

"Most men watch a woman walk down the street and wonder how good she is in
bed; I wonder how many chess books she has, and if there are any among them
I don't already have myself."

De Peaza
"It was worse than a mistake - it was a blunder."

Deep Blue
" "

"He could have played an intricate combination culminating in a draw on move
256 million. But, I guess he didn't look that far ahead."

Derek Gjertsen
"In many ways chess is very like philosophy. Both have long histories which most
practitioners are aware of and frequently consult. The chess master is just as likely
to be found replaying the past games of Morphy and Capablanca as the modern
philosopher is to be found rehearsing the arguments of Descartes and Kant."

Detective Linley
"There is not the mystery in ten murders than there is in one game of chess."

Dominic Lawson
"Nothing excites jaded grandmasters more than a theoretical novelty."

"When Garry Kasparov wrestles with his conscience, he always wins. It's what
he's best at."

Donald McLean
"Take these pieces, set them in their rank and file upon an 8 x 8 magic square
and you have the recipe for endless centuries of romance and intrigue."

Dr. Dave
"Actually, he hardest game to win is a lost game."

Duif
"If even a bad plan is better than no plan, does that mean that even a poor excuse
is better than none?"

Dumont
"A pawn majority on one wing can be of more value than a single passed pawn,
provided that the foremost pawn is sufficiently advanced."

Eckstrom
"Three pieces are a mate."

Edgar Allan Poe
"The best chess-player in Christendom may be little more than the best player of
chess; but proficiency in whist implies capacity for success in all these more
important undertakings where mind struggles with mind."

Edmar Mednis (GM)
"Winning isn't everything…but losing is nothing." (on the importance of fighting
for a draw)

"In chess, at least, the brave inherit the earth." (commenting on Tal)

Eduard Gufeld (GM)
"You are for me the Queen on d8. And I am the pawn on d7!!"

"For me, chess is life and every game is like a new life. Every chess player gets
to live many lives in one lifetime."

"That's what this match is all about, pawns - isolated or hanging. They might just
as well play without pieces." (on the '74 Karpov-Korchnoi match)

Edward Lasker (GM)
"It has been said that man is distinguished from animal in that he buys more
books than he can read. I should like to suggest that the inclusion of a few chess
books would help to make the distinction unmistakable."

"It follows that White, having the first move, is, so to speak, always morally justified
in attacking, whilst Black should assume the defensive. It is a step in the right
direction, to appreciate the truth of this proposition."

Edward Morgan Foster
"Chess is a forcing house where the fruits of character can ripen more fully than
in life."

Edward Winter
"I thought I was the only one who saw that The Human Side of Chess was written
with venom. But then, Reinfeld hated impartially! He hated Morphy, Alekhine, and
Capablanca most of all. He hated all chess players - except those who bought his
books. Those he despised!"

Efim Bogoljubow (GM)
"To have a knight planted in your game at K6 is worse than a rusty nail in your knee."

"When I'm white I win because I am white, when I'm black I win because I am
Bogulyubov."

Efim Geller (GM)
"It was clear to me that the vulnerable point of the American grandmaster was in
double-edged, hanging, irrational positions, where he often failed to find a win even
in a won position." (on Fischer)

Elie Agur
"Aesthetics may not be indispensable for playing good chess, but might will be
necessary for playing great chess."

"Nonsense was the last thing he was interested in, as far as chess was concerned."
(on Fischer)

Eliott Hearst
"Analysis is the best proof that you could have won a game which you have
already lost."

Ely Culbertson
"There is no other game so esteemed, so profound and so venerable as chess;
in the realm of play it stands alone in dignity."

E.M. Forster
"Chess, which severely eliminates accident, is a forcing house where the fruits of
character can ripen more fully than in life."

Emanuel Lasker (GM)
"When you see a good move, look for a better one."

"I have added these principles to the law: get the knights into action before both
bishops are developed."

"Without error there can be no brilliancy."

"Chess is above all, a fight!"

"The hardest game to win is a won game."

"I have known many chess players, but only one chess genius, Capablanca."

"It is a fact that chess games and chess positions have a hold upon many, a hold
strong enough to make them burst into applause and to cause these games and
positions to be preserved in books and to be fondly remembered."

"However obviously the majority of chess players may be divided into two big classes
of combination and position players, in the chessmaster this antagonism is trans-
formed into a harmony. In him combination play is completed by position play."

"The combination player thinks forward; he starts from the given position, and
tries the forceful moves in his mind."

"On the chessboard, lies and hypocrisy do not survive long. The creative combination
lays bare the presumption of a lie; the merciless fact, culminating in a checkmate,
contradicts the hypocrite."

"The game gives us a satisfaction that life denies us. And for the chess player, the
success which crowns his work, the great dispeller of sorrows, is named 'combination'.

"By some ardent enthusiasts, chess has been elevated into a science or an art.
It is neither; but its principal characteristic seems to be what human nature most
delights in - a fight."

"Chess is only a game and not to be classed with business, science, technology,
not to speak of religion, philosophy or the arts. No one desires to see players
devote to chess such time as they need for serious purposes."

"It is too beautiful to spend your life upon."

"Why would one play chess? The steady pursuit of the game will inevitably make
you selfish, cunning, conceited, vindictive and round-shouldered. If you prefer a
lonely life, practice on the trombone as being more effective. And there are many
other good reasons not to play chess."

"Show me three lines of the opening theory moves and I will prove to you that two
of them are incorrect."

"In chess, as it is played by masters, chance is practically eliminated."

"The delight in gambits is a sign of chess youth. In very much the same way as the
young man, on reaching his manhood years, lays aside the Indian stories and stories
of adventure, and turns to the psychological novel, we with maturing experience leave
off gambit playing and become interested in the less vivacious but withal more force-
ful maneuvers of the position player."

"A King of chess." (his final words on his deathbed)

"The rules of quick development, as already laid down, require one amendment, viz.
do not obstruct your QBP by your QN (unless you wish to open up the game at
once by P-K4), and advance that pawn as early as you can to QB4."

"Such was my play when I was still a youngster. The rest is history." (as an old
man showing some of his games to someone who didn't realize who he was)

Emo Philips
"A computer once beat me at chess, but it was no match for me at kick boxing."

Ernest Simmons
"Chess is my life!!! Sometimes my life sucks!"

Ernst Grunfeld
"I never make a mistake on the first move!"

Eugene Martinovsky
"Chess is the only sport where you remain competitive after sixty."

Eugene Torre (GM)
"Like chess, we should always make the right move, we should avoid illegal moves,"

"From age six to fourteen I played chess just for fun. After that things became more
serious for me. I began to read chess books like Chess the Easy Way by Reuben
Fine. However, Fischer was the player who influenced me the most. "

Eugene Znosko-Borovsky (GM)
"It is not a move, even the best move that you must seek, but a realizable plan."

"The middle game, I repeat, is chess itself; chess with all its possibilities, its
attacks, defenses, sacrifices, etc."

"At the heart of every combination there shines an idea, and though combinations
are without number, the number of ideas is limited."

"A defeatist spirit must inevitably lead to disaster."

"The knight, lacking the bishop's long range, takes much more time to stop or to
win a pawn."

"Never is cold reason and clear thinking more necessary that when victory is in sight."

Evan Kreider
"Lord, keep us safe from weak back ranks, and smothered mates. Amen."

Felix Frankfurter
"Litigation is the pursuit of practical ends, not a game of chess."

Feodor Dostoyevsky
"…man is a frivolous, a specious creature, and like a chess-player, cares more
for the process of attaining his goal than for the goal itself."

Florencio Campomanes
"What do you expect from an unrated player?" (on Kasparov's touch-move con-
troversy against Polgar at Linares '94. Kasparov had been recently removed from
FIDE's rating lists)

"Kulot ang utak ng mga chess players (chessplayers' minds are complicated)."

Florin Gheorghiu
"When I win, I feel normal."

Frances Bacon
"If a man look sharply and attentively he shall see fortune."

Francois Andre Danican Philidor (GM)
"The pawns are the soul of chess."

"Skittles are the social glasses of chess -- indulged in too freely they lead to
inebriation, and weaken the consistent effort necessary to build up a strong game."

"Pawns: they are the soul of this game, they alone form the attack and defense."

"My chief intention is to recommend myself to the Public, by a novelty no one has
thought of, or perhaps understood well; I mean how to play the pawns: they are the
very life of this game."

"When you have two bodies of pawns, and an opportunity of transferring a pawn from
one body to another, the pawn should pass to the larger division, to concentrate them.

Francois de La Rochefoucald
"Mediocre minds usually dismiss anything which reaches beyond their own
understanding."

Frank Brady
"Regardless of Bobby's recent hate-filled rantings, which I abhor, he is nonetheless
one of the greatest chessplayers of all time." (on Bobby Fischer)

Frank Pestano
"I must confess that I am, to a certain degree, addicted to internet chess having
played more than 15,000 games in about 4 years."

"Bobby Fischer was so enamoured by the game of chess at the age 6 that he never
'grew up'. He never developed the social skills necessary to cope with society in
general and lived in a world of his own."

Frank Marshall (GM)
"A bad plan is better than none at all."

"The hardest part of chess is winning a won game."

"Chess, as a past time, is a grand name, but to go deeply into it, as we have to,
means a sure breakdown."

"You win a game of chess because you've swindled your opponent."

Franklin Young
"The best initial move for white is 1.e4"

Fred Lucas
"What I like most when photographing chess players is to get their emotions that are
otherwise hard to see, because life immediately proceeds to the next moment. Before
the start of a game most players are busy with themselves, concentrating and some
give you the impression that they really don't want to pay attention to anything else
than the game to come."

Fred Reinfeld
"The pin is mightier than the sword."

"Short of actual blunders, lack of faith in one's position is the chief cause of defeat.
To be sure, it is easy to recommend faith and not so easy to practice it."

"You can learn much from your mistakes -- though it is infinitely kinder to the ego
to learn from someone else's."

"The ability to steer clear of apparently advantageous continuations in ordere to find
the single move which really maintains the pressure, is one of the hallmarks of a
great master."

"Chess doesn't allow for continual flouting of the right move. A few sins of omission,
and a fairly easygoing and characterless situation is transformed into one that
bristles with lasting difficulties."

"Development is better than riches."

"Competition is the life of chess."

Fred Waitzkin
"When Bobby retired to begin his dark political work, chess seemed to dry up in the
United States."

"When the queens come off the board, the character of the game shifts, and the
master must change his demeanor as well as his technique. The Marines are no
longer storming the hill. The endgame is chilly and minimalist, and to play effectively
in this new terrain, the heedless attacker must quiet himself and be patient, precise,
and perhaps a little detached.

French Proverb
"You cannot play chess if you are kind-hearted."

"Chess is too serious to be enjoyable, and too frivolous to be worth taking
seriously."

Frias
"The life of the American chess master is a 'vale of tears'."

Friedrich Saemisch (GM)
"How can I accept a draw when I have no idea who stands better." (during dire time
trouble)

"If I could play the first 20 moves, I would not mind somebody else finishing the
game for me."

Frozen Shade
"Never play chess while drunken…"it might sound little bit crude, but it's definitely
effective."

G.H. Hardy
"A chess problem is an exercise in pure mathematics."

Garry Kasparov (GM)
"Chess is mental torture."

"Botvinnik tried to take the mystery out of chess, always relating it to situations
in ordinary life. He used to call chess a typical inexact problem similar to those
which people are always having to solve in everyday life."

"Chess is an art."

"For me 1.e4 is more natural. It is more aggressive, and requires more work. It's
more concrete, double-edged, and more dangerous for black. Opening choice is a
matter of nature. The further you go, the closer you get to your true chess style.
I’m not saying that I will always play 1.e4, however, as 1.d4 is also a good move.
My match with Kramnik proved it!

"I don't think that any database in the Pentagon is as well protected as Deep Blue."

"When your house is on fire, you can't be bothered with the neighbors. Or, as we
say in chess, if your king is under attack you don't worry of losing a pawn on the
queen's side. (commenting on Mikhail Gorbachev's attitude to changes in Eastern
Europe)

"Capablanca invariably chose the right option, no matter how intricate the position."

"Chess is life in miniature. Chess is struggle, chess is a battle."

"We like to think." (when asked why he and Karpov get into time trouble so often)

"Everyone can define chess in their own way. But in the first place chess is sport,
because what we are really interested in is the name of the winner. However, I think
that one's desire to win is not productive, unless it is grounded by one's striving to
fight and to create something beautiful. But on the other hand, one can't be constant-
ly winning when occupied with creating masterpieces. With me, however, as long as
I have a desire to seek something new and to play beautiful games, I continue to win."

"Chess is not a fixed or static body of knowledge. It is dynamic."

"At the highest level, chess is a talent to control unrelated things. It is like controlling
chaos."

"Chess is a black and white jungle."

"Chess is war; chess is all about testosterone-driven primal screams."

"I knew of course that Spassky, the reigning world champion, was a very strong
player, but I had the idea that Fischer, my chess idol then, was a player of another
caliber, someone in a class of his own."

"So although I think I did see some signs of intelligence in Deep Blue, it is a weird
kind, an efficient, inflexible kind that makes me think I have a few years left."

"Weaknesses of character are normally shown in a game of chess."

"When you play a human being it could make a mistake, and some of your moves
could scare your opponents to death. Computer is very powerful and calculates like
God within its limits."

"I try to play, always, beautiful games…always I wanted to create masterpieces."

"Chess is not dominos." (referring to the Grob)

"The strategic conceptions after 1.d4 are richer."

"The sight of an Olympiad never fails to excite me. All those people from all those
countries - some very rich, some very poor, some Communist, some capitalist - but
all sharing a common enthusiasm for chess. At first sight it seems to offer a perfect
example of how the people of the world can compete with each other in amity and
peace. Then all the bickering starts."

"Chess problems are full of paradoxes and original ideas."

"Chess composition; the most beautiful and mysterious aspect of the art of chess."

"It takes two to tango!" (on his famous game with Topalov in 1999)

"I got a friendly wind in my sails and the rest was nearly automatic."
(on Linares 2001)

"So, the old guy can still play!" (after his defeat of Ponomariov at Linares 2002)

"I'm really an ordinary guy. I make mistakes. It kills me when I do. But I'm willing to
talk about my mistakes in the analysis afterwards. I don't hide anything. I've always
loved this game from childhood. I've loved studying chess. I've loved the life around
chess - the new friends, the atmosphere, the struggle."

"This is the way I play. I always search for the best move, but this way there is a
chance to lose. A chance for greatness and a chance for disaster."

"He is a creature of darkness." (on Karpov)

"He is morally and politically evil - a symbol of the communist system."
(on Karpov)

"Intuition and profound ideas win chess games at the highest level, not counting."

"I regard him as a mythological combination of sorts, a centaur if you will, a
synthesis between man and chess." (on Fischer)

"By this measure, I consider him the greatest world champion." (on the gap between
Fischer and his contemporaries)

"I'm going to crush him this time!" (on his 1990 world championship match with
Karpov)

"You will never be an Alekhine if the variations control you, and not the other way
around." (in his book My Great Predecessor Part 2)

"Alekhine's attacks came suddenly, like destructive thunderstorms that erupted
from a clear sky."

"Spassky was less concerned about the position's evaluation than about the
character of the struggle. If he liked the character of the battle, he felt absolutely
at home and, as a rule, didn't fail to outplay his opponents."

"Morozevich is very uneven; his games are very shaky and nervous."

"The legend of the best player of chess has been destroyed." (on Fischer's play
during most of the 1992 rematch with Spassky)

Gary Lane
"Apparently, in the game in question, Nigel swapped all the pieces off and Kasparov
had no choice but to take the draw." (on how it was possible for Kasparov to have a
15.5-0.5 score against Short since their WCC match)

Gata Kamsky (GM)
"You must ask my father. I am only the player."

"Now I fell much less pressure. I play for myself only. I could make money as an
attorney. I came back to chess to try to win the World Championship. I learned
so much about life in those six years. Before, I knew so little about how the
world works."

Gene Ramage
"When in doubt…move a pawn."

Gene Thompson
"The most disheartening issue was our failure to play as well as we feel we should."

Gennady Nesis
"The dynamics of chess consists of a gradual change in the situation on the
chessboard, even after an apparently unimportant series of moves."

Geoffrey Chaucer
"I warne yow wel, it is no childes pley."

Georg Kieninger (GM)
"Dazzling combinations are for many, shifting wood is for the few."

George Bernard Shaw
"Chess is a foolish expedient for making idle people believe they are doing some-
thing very clever, when they are only wasting their time."

George Carlin
"Can you buy an entire chess set in a pawnshop?"

George Koltanowski
"All chess masters can play one game blindfolded."

"If I win, it was a sacrifice. If I lose, then it was a mistake."

George Marco
"It is remarkable, and deserves special mention that the great masters, such as
Pillsbury, Maroczy and Janowski play against Lasker as though hypnotized."

"An eye for the microscope betokens the master."

George Steiner
"Chess is profoundly trivial and trivially profound…a universe simultaneously
closed and unbounded."

"Fischer does not merely outplay opponents; he leaves them bodily and mentally
glutted. Fischer himself speaks of the exultant instant in which he feels the 'ego
of the other player crumbling'."

"Chess may be the deepest, least exhaustible of pastimes, but it is nothing more.
As for a chess genius, he is a human being who focuses vast, little-understood
mental gifts and labors on an ultimately trivial human enterprise. "

George Walker
"Chess, like the tomb, levels all grades of conventional rank and distinction and
reserves its high places for the best players."

Gerald Abrahams
"Good positions don't win games, good moves do."

"Chess is a good mistress but a bad master."

"In chess there is a world of intellectual values."

"The idea comes before the logical argument."

"I've wasted a black." (after drawing a game with the black pieces)

German Proverb
"No fool can play chess, and only fools do."

G.K. Chesterton
"Poets do not go mad; but chess-players do. Mathematicians go mad, and cashiers;
but creative artists very seldom. I am not, as will be seen in any sense attacking
logic: I only say that this danger does lie in logic, not in imagination."

Gregory Kaidanov (GM)
"I would never give up coaching, even if the money meant nothing to me."

Grigory Sanakoev
"There are no hopeless positions; there are only inferior positions that can be saved."

"There are no drawn positions; there are only equal ones in which you can play
for a win."

"You can permit yourself any liberty in the opening except the luxury of a passive
position."

Gustav Schenk
"There must have been a time when men were demigods, or they could not have
invented chess."

Gustavus Selenius
"Chess is the art of human reason."

H.G. Wells
"There is a class of men who gather in a coffee houses and play with a desire
that dieth not, and a fire that is not quenched. The passion for playing chess is one
of the most unaccountable in the world. It is the most absorbing of occupations, the
least satisfying of desires, an aimless excrescence upon life. It annihilates a man."

"Chess is a curse upon a man."

"You have, let us say, a promising politician, a rising artist that you wish to destroy.
Dagger or bomb are archaic, clumsy, and unreliable -- but teach him, inoculate him
with chess! Our statesman would sit with pocket boards while the country went to
the devil, and our breadwinners would forget their wives in seeking after impossible
mates."

"There is no remorse like the remorse of chess."

"There is no happiness in chess."

"No chess player sleeps well."

H.L. Mencken
"Most arguments about chess consist very largely of one person arguing that all the
other participants in all discussion are jackasses. He usually proves it, and he also
usually proves that he is one himself."

Hans Berliner
"Castle if you must, or if you want to, but not because you can!"

"The management of pawns is of the utmost importance. No other piece contributes
as much to the success of a position, because of the tyrrany of the weak. The pawn
is worth little and can therefore intimidate all pieces of greater value."

Hans Kmoch (GM)
"The battle for the ultimate truth will never be won. And that's why chess is so
fascinating."

"And his six pawns were scattered like the ships of the Armada that should have
conquered England; the Lord blew, and they were all isolated."

"Finally America produces its greatest chess genius, and he turns out to be just a
stubborn boy." (on Fischer)

Hans Ree (GM)
"Chess is beautiful enough to waste your life for."

"For the players, their own game is never boring, only the spectators think so."

"Nowadays chessplayers are sometimes caught at a bookstall during their game,
consulting reference books. They are punished and their plea that they are trying to
bring chess to a higher level is not accepted. For many people, speculation and risk
are just the things that give chess its attraction."

"In the chess world those who have kept their senses, are fighting a rear-guard
action, it often seems."

"The English chess writer Edward Winter has this in common with God, that his
existence can only be deduced from his works."

"Play out a boring game to the end and funny things can happen; Fischer knew it."

Harry Golombek (GM)
"O'Sullivan's play was rather worse than his score." (about a tournament where
O'Sullivan scored 1/2 out of 13)

Harry Pillsbury (GM)
"Chess is what you see, Checkers is what you know. There is enough in either
game to last a man a lifetime."

Hawkeye
"Pawns can't move backwards."

Henri Weenink
"And the rigidity of material with which we have to compose, is a formidable
opponent than Lasker or Capablanca. Because these lifeless opponents do not
have any moments of human weakness!"

Henry Bird
"Place the contents of the chess box in a hat, shake them up vigorously, pour
them on the board from a height of two feet, and you get the style of Steinitz."

"Were it not for the monotony which has arisen from many players clinging so
persistently to certain book variations of dull and safe openings, the necessity for
any variations would be less urgent."

"It is bad form for spectators to remove the pieces from the board without the
consent of the players."

Henry Blackburne (GM)
"Chess is a kind of mental alcohol…unless a man has supreme self-control. It
is better that he should not learn to play chess. I have never allowed my children
to learn it, for I have seen too much of its evil results."

"Whiskey stimulates the imagination - but eating a big meal before the game is
equivalent to giving knight odds."

Henry Buckle
"The slowness of genius is hard to bear, but the slowness of mediocrity is in-
tolerable."

Henry Byron
"Life is too short for chess."

Henry Campbell-Bannerman
"Chess is not a game but a disease."

Herbert Russel Wakefield
"…for chess, that superb, cold, infinitely satisfying anodyne to life, I feel the ardour
of a lover, the humility of a disciple."

Hikaru Nakamura (GM)
"There aren't really any American grandmasters that are higher rated than me.
That's actually why I still work alone. It's very hard to trust anybody."

"I'm not Bobby Fischer. I'm not a mad genius. He played too much chess and went
crazy."

"There is no point of taking draws."

"Some wonder why I play so much on ICC. Honestly, the reason that I play so much
is that I strive for pefection."

Hindu Proverb
"Chess is a sea in which a gnat may drink and an elephant may bathe."

Horace
"It is sweet indeed to contemplate from the shore the perils of the sailor struggling
with death."

Howard Staunton (GM)
"After black's reply to 1.e4 with 1..e5, leaves him always trying to get into the game."

"After white's reply to 1.e4 e5 with 2.f4 the game is in its last throes."

"To play with correctness and skill the ends of games, is an important but a very
rare accomplishment, expect among the magnates of the game."

"Chess never was, and while society exists, never can be a profession."

"His best move, if sudden extinction, is preferable to lingering torture."

Humphrey Bogart
"When your head says one thing and your whole life says another, your head always
loses."

Hung Tzu Ch'eng
"Human affairs are like a chess game: only those who do not take it seriously can
be called good players."

Hyatt
"When the going gets tactical, the computers get going."

Ignacio Marin
"Chess is tactics!"

Igor Ivanov (GM)
"Fischer's like Morphy. What's the story with you Americans? You win the title,
go home, and don't play anymore."

Igor Novikov (GM)
"Not so easy!"

Igor Zaitsev (GM)
"It is not by accident that the buildings of the most splendid chess games are
erected either on the neglected ground of equal positions, or on the unsteady
foundation of mutual mistakes."

Ilya Katsnelson
"Any married man will tell you that life is like a game of chess; everything is
centered around the queen."

Irish Proverb
"When the chess game is over, the pawn and the king go back to the same box."

Irving Chernev (GM)
"The sign of a great master is his ability to win a won game quickly and painlessly."

"Every chess master was once a beginner."

"There is no room for gallantry in chess."

"All chess players (and that includes you and me) must have a sadistic streak or we
would not enjoy seeing a fellow chessplayer being methodically crushed."

"Judged by today's standards, Ajeeb was a fairly gimcrack mechanical fraud, but
audiences then were not too fussy."

"A combination is a blend of ideas-pins, forks, discovered checks, double attacks
which endow the pieces with magical powers. It is a series of staggering blows
before the knockout. It is the climatic scene in the play appearing on the board.
It is the touch of enchantment that gives life to inanimate pieces. It is all and more.
A combination is the very heart of chess."

"Of chess it has been said that life is not long enough for it, but that is the fault
of life, not chess."

"This remarkable 'coup', by means of which the king is spirited away to safety while
the rook magically appears on the scene, is probably the most significant contribution
to civilization since the invention of the wheel." (on castling)

Italian Proverb
"It is no time to be playing chess when the house is on fire."

Isaac Asimov
"In life, unlike chess, the game continues after checkmate."

Isaac Boleslavsky (GM)
"Like us as Black", beg the chess pieces, "and you will anyway like us as White."

Isaac Kashdan (GM)
"In Fischer's hands, a slight theoritical advantage is as good as being a queen ahead."

Israel Horowitz (GM)
"One bad move nullifies forty good ones."

"When a chess masters err, ordinary wood pushers tend to derive a measure of
satisfaction, if not actual glee."

"Choose an opening… which is sound, regardless of fluctuations in current theory."

"Never resign. There's always a chance your opponent may drop dead before he
mates you."

"Castle, take en passant, promote pawns to minor pieces whenever you can. It
helps to create the impression that you have a deep knowledge."

"Always check, it may be mate."

Jack Winters
"It’s hard to combine with the lone king."

Jackpawn
"When I first got into chess, back in the 70's, most female chessplayers looked like
Russian bowling balls. Chess, at least in this regard, is certainly much better today!"

Jacques Mieses
"To be capable of conducting an endgame to the distant goal with clarity, firmness,
and complete familiarity with all its tricks and traps is the sign of chess master."

James Mason (GM)
"Every pawn is a potential queen."

"Don't make a strong move too soon."

James Mortimer
"It will be cheering to know that many people are skillful chess players, though in
many instances their brains, in general way, compare unfavourably with cognitive
faculties of a rabbit."

James Payn
"There is a certain nobility about chess that appertains to no other game ... to
imagine a great player otherwise than respectable is difficult; he gives the impress-
ion, while at work, of being a stoic philosopher."

James Schroeder
"MORON OF THE YEAR. An early Candidate is Andy Soltis who wasted almost 1½
pages in Chess Life to advocate that a stalemate should not be the same as
a draw. Such stupidity is not even worth commenting upon, except to state
that his ‘reasons’ for it are ASININE."

James Sherwin
"I never play chess for fun. It is a game that brings out the killer instinct and is a
terribly aggressive ego trip. When you win, you are immensely elated; when you
lose, you are crushed."

Jamie Murphy
"Chess, like mathematics and music, is a nursery for child prodigies."

Jan Hein Donner (GM)
"He probably has not overlooked me at all. No, he has omitted me on purpose.
What is more, I have the distinct impression that he has only given his views
in order not to mention me! How dare he, the little brat!" (on being omitted from
Fischer's list of the 10 greatest chess players of all time)

"I love all positions. Give me a difficult positional game, I will play it. Give me a bad
position, I will defend it. Openings, endgames, complicated positions, dull draws, I
love them and I will do my very best. But totally won positions, I cannot stand them."

"The passed pawn has a soul, desires, and fears."

"What's this? Are you teaching the poor thing to play chess? Fie, for shame! Why
not have him drink hard liquor or take him off to a brothel, while you're at it!" (on
teaching chess to a child)

"A real chess game can only be experienced by two people."

"Chess is just too difficult for ordinary intelligent people."

Jan Jotun
"The Oedipus variation…sacrificing the king to win the queen."

"There is nothing more dangerous than playing too safely."

Jan Pot
"He is a superior man who can watch a game of chess, not saying a word."

Jan Timman (GM)
"Half the variations which are calculated in a tournament game turn out to be
completely superfluous. Unfortunately, no one knows in advance which half."

"I wasn't sure what square to take the rook to. Because there were three
alternatives (e8, d8 and c8), I decided to go for the middle one."

Jan Van Der Wiel (GM)
"When you absolutely don't know what to do anymore, it is time to panic."

Jason Varsoke
"It always startles me when a monkey at a typewriter punches "To be, or not to be."
Especially, when I'm the monkey." (commenting on one of his games)

Jean-Claude Killy
"To win you have to risk loss."

Jeremy Silman
"If your opponent cannot do anything active, then don't rush the position; instead
you should let him sit there, suffer, and beg you for a draw."

"The quality goes in before my name goes on."

"When I was thirteen I became entranced with Alekhine's games. Strangely enough,
this had no influence on my style and I ended up playing in a materialistic positional
vein."

"If these well-intentioned but unimaginative people would unclench their buttocks for
a moment, they might find that chess offers something else to its devotees other
than the quasi-religious fervor that they grasp so desperately - these 'extra benefits'
are relaxation, fun, and a chance to laugh at one's own stupidity."

Joel Benjamin (GM)
"I don't take draws anymore, and I play better and enjoy chess more now, because
I don't waste energy thinking about whether or not to offer or accept a draw."

Joel Lautier (GM)
"I should add that in a time when organizers are becoming very rare, the
Internet chess is a perfect solution; no more organizers needed! I would still
prefer to play Garry face-to-face though, if only to see the smoke coming out of
his ears."

Johan Barendregt
"My life has been determined by the move e2-e1=N." (interview with
Max Pam, 1972)

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
"Daring ideas are like chess men moved forward. They may be beaten, but they
may start a winning game."

"Chess is the touchstone of the intellect."

Johannes Zukertort (GM)
"Chess is the struggle against error."

John Beasley
"It is the curse of the chess problem to be clever without being entertaining."

John Collins
"Exchanging pieces and pawns to open a vital diagonal is a deadly device."

"The endgame is the North Star by which a course may be set in both the
opening and the middle game."

John Henderson
"We have Karpov and Polgar suing FIDE for the return of their world titles, Shirov
suing Garry and Rentero for his aborted match, and now Braingames allegedly
threatening to sue Kramnik. We could end up with the worst possible scenario
for chess: a lawyer ending up as world champion!"

"Old chess players never die, they just lose their mating ability. The exception to
this rule, of course, being none other than Viktor Korchnoi, who seems to be on
the chess equivalent of Viagra."

"In Wijk they play chess 365 days a year, your wife not only allows you to visit
the chess club but also comes with you, you find chess sets in all the cafes and
bars, and, in place of the Gideon Bible, your hotel will happily replace it with the
latest Informator. Yes, it's a sort of chess equivalent of Shangri-la -only colder.
Much, much colder."

John Jacobs
"At this time Fischer is simply a level above all the best chessplayers in the world."

John Knudsen
"In correspondence chess, you can smoke during the game."

"I don't always follow my own system to avoid errors." (explaining a bad move
to a strong opponent)

John Maynard Keynes
"Chess is a cure for headaches."

John Nunn (GM)
"How to build a boat!" (on what book he'd want to have with him if stranded on a
desert island."

"It is quite a good idea to give your favorite opening a ridiculous name, because
if someone does lose to it then they have to admit not only that they lost, but
that they did so to the "Monkey's Bum", "Toilet Variation", "Barry Attack" or
whatever, thereby compounding their misery and making them even more
apprehensive about the next game."

"The thing you have to understand about chess players is that they are individualists,
often with big egos. They devote their lives to a game and then you find they start
playing games with their lives."

"Tigran Petrosian had a unique playing style that opponents found very hard to handle.
Often it wasn't even clear what they were fighting against, as Petrosian's deeply
prophylactic play would be preventing ideas that had not even occurred to them.
Once his opponent's active possibilities were neutralized, Petrosian would squeeze
relentlessly."

"While it is a cause for regret that Fischer did not continue to produce scintillating
games, he perhaps had a greater impact on chess than any other twentieth century
player."

"Chess is to a considerable extent about pattern recognition. The more
patterns you have firmly fixed in your memory, the more effective you are
likely to be at the chessboard."

John Simon
"Chess is a cold bath for the mind."

John Van der Wiel (GM)
"When you absolutely don't know what to do anymore, it is time to panic."

John Watson
"It is one of the insights of modern players, and especially of the best ones,
that one has to play the position itself, not some abstract idea of the position."

John Zimmerman
"When in doubt…take more time."

"When in doubt…exchange."

Jon Speelman (GM)
"…the initial position is decisive zugzwang."

Jonathan Brewer
"Modern-day super computers and Super GMs are playing such near-perfect chess
that the game is losing some of its romance."

Jonathan Levitt (GM)
"The Platovs have been called fathers of the modern endgame study. Perhaps the
term 'brothers of the modern endgame study' is being reserved for a later generation
of study composers from Harlem."

"A sophisticated aesthetic sense and appreciation of chess beauty go hand in hand
with top class play."

Jonathan Rowson (GM)
"I see chess in my future but I don't see my future in chess."

"Let's face it, it's a difficult game and it consumes a lot of time. Perhaps we
shouldn't try too hard to market the game as a popular pursuit. Those who love
chess tend to love it deeply precisely because of its depth. Much of the game's
charm is lost if we simplify or dilute it, and this may not be a price worth paying
for making chess more popular."

Jonathan Schaeffer
"As a competitive chess player in my younger days, when I played a beautiful game,
I wanted to frame it and put it on the wall. Chess is also a sport because it is in-
credibly mentally and physically demanding. That computers play it better does not
lessen any of the enjoyment that we can get from the game."

Joorge
"Chess is not my life. Life is chess, so you have to play a good game."

Jose Raul Capablanca (GM)
"In order to improve your game, you must study the endgame before everything
else, for whereas the endings can be studied and mastered by themselves, the
middle game and the opening must be studied in relation to the endgame."

"A good player is always lucky."

"Chess books should be used as we use glasses: to assist the sight, although
some players make use of them as if they thought they conferred sight."

"I see only one move ahead, but it is always the correct one."

"I always play carefully and try to avoid unnecessary risks I consider my method
to be right as any superfluous 'daring' runs counter to the essential character of
chess, which is not a gamble but a purely intellectual combat conducted in
accordance with the exact rules of logic."

"A passed pawn increases its strength as the number of pieces on the board
diminishes."

"As one by one I mowed them down, my superiority soon became apparent."

"You may learn much more from a game you lose than from a game you win.
You will have to lose hundreds of games before becoming a good player."

"I have not given any drawn or lost games, because I thought them inadeqaute
to the purpose of the book."

"Keep freedom of manouvre while hampering your opponent."

"My opponent should have considered that a player of my experience and
strength could never allow such a move if were good." (on a powerful looking
move made against him)

"Even with a good position, a player, no matter how strong, cannot afford to relax
his attention even for one move."

"The game might be divided into three parts, the opening, the middle-game and
the end-game. There is one thing you must strive for, to be equally efficient in
the three parts."

Josef Krejcik
"If you chop wood or write novels instead of playing chess, it is sometimes much
more useful to humanity."

Joseph Blackburne (GM)
"Draughts is a less attractive game, infinitely less, but it is more scientific. You
see, a step at draughts is irreparable. At chess, however, you can get back,
change the disposition of your men, and possibly win."

"Chess is a kind of mental alcohol. It inebriates the man who plays it constantly.
He lives in a chess atmosphere, and his dreams are of gambits and endgames.
I have known many an able man ruined by chess"

Joseph Heller
"The captain was a good chess player, and the games with him were always
interesting. Yossarian had stopped playing chess with him because the games
were so interesting that they were foolish."

Joseph Platz
"Fischer is under obligation to nobody."

Joseph Siroker
"Every moment in life is precious; that's why I play chess."

Josh Waitzkin
"No sport makes me sweat as much as chess."

"The problem with chess is that it can mess with your mind."

Josif Dorfman (GM)
"In chess, as in life, we are constantly subjected to tests. We are immersed in a
world of struggle, which demands that we be constantly on the alert. We need to be
able to carry out our ideas, to achieve recognition."

Joubert
"He who has imagination without learning, has wings and no feet."

J. Ross
"If drink is the curse of the working classes and work is the curse of the drinking
classes then chess is the curse of the thinking classes."

Judith Polgar (GM)
"For me chess is certainly more than a game - it is my profession. Chess em-
bodies art and creativity. Twenty years ago it was much more of a creative activity
than it is today. In those days you had to mainly rely on your own creativity but
today there are many other factors such as computers and trainers, which can
outweigh that creativity."

"Chess is thirty to forty percent psychology. You don't have this when you play a
computer. I can't confuse it."

Juliana
"Playing chess without an opponent is no fun! Feel free to ignore if you hate chess
though."

Julius Breyer
"After 1.e2-e4 White's game is in its last throes!"

Justin Brown
"The day I beat a GM with 1. h4…, I know I have truly arrived."

"Chess is full of sharp objects -- forks; pins. You never hear of someone winning
by virtue of the 'fluffy pillow attack'."

Karl Meninger
"Chess is a more highly symbolic game, but the aggressions are therefore even
more frankly represented in the play. It probably began as a war game; that is,
the representation of a miniature battle between the forces of two kingdoms."

Kawas
"Be true to your own style, meaning, don't try to imitate Tal or Kasparov if in your
heart you are a Petrosian."

Keith Hayward
"Play over every game you see in any magazine or book. I do mean "every"
game. Give up sleep if you have to. Then play more games." (on how to improve)

Kelly Atkins
"Chess is to the mind, what physical exercise is to the body."

"Who says chess isn't a violent game? You make one slip sometimes, and you
get the bat inserted post haste, splinters and all."

"Some openings walk the line between leading to easy equality, and wiping the
opponent off the board. They have an element of risk. A lot of the gambits fall into
this category. If you know how to meet them, then you get to equalize easily. If
not, bend over baby, here comes the A-train."

"How can I respect a man who doesn't play chess?"

"I have not returned from Hell empty-handed!" (on coming out of a long, wild tactical
melee with a material advantage)

"Do not be in a hurry to do something you can't undo."

Ken Whlyd
"Forgive your enemies; nothing annoys them so much."

Khusros II - Sassanian King of Kings
"If a ruler does not understand chess, how can he rule over a kingdom?"

Kirsan Ilyumzhinov
"If FIDE returns to Karpov and Kasparov, it would mean regress and return to
the past." (on interview, 1998)

"All new attempts to split the Chess World are doomed to failure."

Kurt Richter
"What would chess be without silly mistakes?"

Kyle Munson
"Chess is for those who would like to reign in life's frustrating chaos with a regular
dose of logic."

Lajos Portisch (GM)
"Your only task in the opening is to reach a playable middlegame."

Larry Evans (GM)
"He wanted to give the Russians a taste of their own medicine." (on Fischer)

"For a game which is a monument to skill, chess has its moments which, for lack
of a better word, can only be described as luck."

"Refrain from useless checks."

"Trying to win with Black always requires a certain degree of risk."

"Chess is different today. Now players have databases at their fingertips and openings
have been so analyzed that many games really begin at move 10 instead of move 1."

"Fischer became paranoid about giving away his secrets."

"The better player will win with either color, but it takes longer with Black."

"Fischer is a law unto himself."

"He just wouldn't listen to reasons." (on Bob Fischer)

"Women play chess worse because they have no subconscious urge to kill their
father."

"Tal's genius consists of posing his opponents with tempting ways to go wrong."

"Now that Bobby's chess game was superb, his bowling deteriorated. In 10 games
he averaged only 137."

Larry Parr
"Spassky and Fischer were chess artists each trying to paint the Mona Lisa
while grabbing at the other's brush."

"Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Portisch labored unremittingly, gaining a
reputation as Caissa’s ultimate anal retentive - the Herr Sitzfleisch of Chess."

"He was smart and strong enough to become world chess champion, making him
a good winner who merited respect. And he was still smarter and stronger
to lose gracefully, making him an even better loser, who retains our respect."
(on Spassky)

"He was the nice guy who finished first by coming second in the most celebrated
chess competition in the 1,500-year history of the royal game." (on Spassky)

"Among the great post-WWII Soviet grandmasters, Tigran Petrosian came under
the influence of Archil Ebralidze, for whom the Father, Son and Holy Ghost
of chess were Aaron Nimzowitsch, Capablanca and the Caro-Kann Defense."

"At the chess board he replaced Keres as Caissa’s consummate poker-face,
typically sitting sideways at the table with legs crossed, cigarette in right hand,
head held back and eyebrows arched. He gave an impression of slightly bored
detachment." (on Spassky)

Lazy Pawn
"Don't believe people who say that quitting chess is difficult once you're addicted
to it. It's not true, I've done it at least 20 times so far."

Lennox Lewis
"Chess takes the stress away, which is why I enjoyed playing when I was
training. The sport is similar in one-on-one, and in boxing, it helped me prepare
a strategy to beat my opponent."

Leonard Barden
"To win a K+B+N v K ending in 5 minute chess then drive your opponents king to the
corner of the board furthest away from the clock."

Leonid Sandler
"Rest in peace, my dear friend Sasha. You will be sadly missed around the chess
world." (on the death of his good friend GM Aleksander Wojtkiewicz)

Leonid Shamkovich (GM)
"There is no more happy a moment for a chess player than a win."

Lev Alburt (GM)
"A diabolical concoction! Alekhine serves up his b-pawn, but if White partakes,
he dies of indigestion."

"Soviet Grandmasters privately scoffed at Karpov’s chances in 1975. Most
pundits believed he would lose… and lose badly. (on Karpov’s chances
against Fischer)

"Karpov knew he could hardly draw a game with Fischer, never mind winning
one or two games. His only chance was to disrupt the match. So a whole
arsenal of tricks was worked out, designed to upset the sensitive American
unaccustomed to such methods."

"99 grandmasters out of 100 select victories over famous adversaries with little
regard for the intrinsic value of the wins."

"I loved Russia, the people, my family…the life was very good for a chessplayer,
but I hated the regime. I could have defected a few years before…I was holding
up hope that the regime would improve or collapse."

"If there are two moves of seeming equal value, one of which is slightly crooked
and the other which is straightforward, I'll pick the crooked one."

Lev Grossman
"A curvaceous grandmaster who may be the chess world's answer to Anna
Kournikova." (on Kosteniuk)

Lev Khariton
"The chess heroes nowadays should not forget that it was owing to Fischer that
they are living today in four and five star hotels, getting appearance fees, etc."

Lev Polugaevsky (GM)
"Damn! No sooner had I a good hand, it looks like the plane is going to crash!"
(on a card game that was interrupted due to an emergency landing)

"All forced opening lines favor White!"

"A sensation, hidden in the depths of my emotional memory, was suddenly revived:
what if... what if for me The Variation is not dead? If The Variation is alive?!"

"The greatest master of the initiative." (on Nezhmetdinov)

Lewis Carroll
"It's a great game of chess that's being played all over the world." (Through The
Looking Glass)

Lisa Lane
"I hate anyone who beats me."

"There's never before been a chess player with such a thorough knowledge of the
intricacies of the game and such an absolutely indomitable will to win. I think Bobby
is the greatest player that ever lived."

Lodewijk Prins
"The only thing chess players have in common is chess." (interview with Max
Pam, 1972)

Louis Gerstner (IBM Chairman)
"I just think we should look at this as a match game…between the world's greatest
chess player and Garry Kasparov." (about the Deeper Blue - Kasparov 1997 match
where Kasparov lost)

Ludek Pachman (GM)
"Every imporatant exchange of material alters in some way the character of the
position and necessitates a change in the strategical and tactical conduct of the
game."

M. Turov
"You should drink a glass of russian vodka every day, and you will crush your
opponents like bugs…like insects…"

Madame Flash
"The middle game, where the struggle is really fought, will take a variable number
of moves, and will be named so until the certainty of mate for one of the two players
is ninety percent."

Mao Tse Tung
"We must despise our opponents strategically, yet respect them tactically."

Marcel Duchamp
"Chess is a sport. A violent sport. This detracts from its most artistic connections.
One intriguing aspect of the game that does not imply artistic connotations is the
geometrical patterns and variations of the actual set-up of the pieces in the com-
binative, tactical, strategical, and positional sense. It is a sad means of expresion
though - somewhat like religious art - it is not very gay. If it is anything, it is a
struggle."

"The chess pieces are the block alphabet which shapes thoughts; and the chess
thoughts, although making a visual design on the chessboard, express their
beauty abstractly, like a poem…I have come to the personal conclusion that
while all artists are not chess players, all chess players are artists."

"I am still a victim of chess. It has all the beauty of art and much more. It cannot
be commercialized. Chess is much purer than art in its social position."

"Chess players are madmen of a certain quality, the way the artist is supposed
to be, and isn't, in general."

Marion Tinsley
"Chess is like the ocean; draughts is like a deep well."

Mark Dvoretsky (GM)
"Most commentaries in chess magazines and books are superficial and
sometimes just awful. Once a certain experienced master explained to me
how he worked. You put two fingers to the page with text on it and see
that there are only moves under them - in other words, it is time to make
a comment. You write something like "The Ruy Lopez always leads to a
tense, complicated struggle." - and your fee goes up by a ruble."

"Black is now in desperate need of a good idea. Or, to put it standard chess
notation, + -."

Mark Pasternak
"Chess is not like life… it has rules!"

"When in doubt…find a new hobby."

Mark Twain
"I played chess with him and would have beaten him sometimes, only he always
took back his last move, and ran the game out differently."

"It ain't what you don't know that gets you into trouble. It's what you know for
sure that just ain't so."

Max Euwe (GM)
"Strategy requires thought, tactics require observation."

"Alekhine is a poet who creates a work of art out of something that would hardly
inspire another man to send home a picture post card."

"A combination is a short part of the game, within which a certain purpose is
attained by force."

"Whoever sees no other aim in the game than that of giving checkmate to one's
opponent will never become a good chess player."

"The position is incredibly complicated, and everything is suspended in mid-air; but
Alekhine dominates the proceedings. He pulls the wires, and it is to his bidding that
the marionettes dance."

"Chess is a sport. The main objective in the game of chess remains the achievement
of victory."

"Poor Capablanca! Thou wert a brilliant technician, but no philosopher. Thou wert not
capable of believing that in chess, another style could be victorious than the
absolutely correct one."

"I have white; I made no mistake, so I should have some advantage."

Maurice Ashley (GM)
"Look at Garry Kasparov. After he loses, invariably he wins the next game. He
just kills the next guy. That's something we have to learn to be able to do."

"Forget the prize money. The fate of humanity is on the line, at least in Garry
Kasparov's head." (on the final game of the ’97 Kasparov-Deep Blue match)

"African continent GMs do exist; but, according to the system of racial classification,
I am the first Black GM in history...it matters, and doesn't matter, all at the same time."

Michael Anthony
"If you lose a piece on your side of the board, it is called a blunder, but if you
lose a piece on your opponent's side of the board, you can call it a sacrifice."

Michael Foot
"Second only to chess, it is the best game I know. Variations are infinite; there is
always something new to learn. But, as with chess too, participation is possible
at quite different levels." (on politics)

Michael Gelb
"As well as teaching you about your own strengths and weaknesses, chess can
develop you ability to understand others. To succeed at chess, you must learn to
think like your opponent, even if your opponent’s style of thinking is very different
from your own."

Michael Rohde (GM)
"Just a damn draw!" (Rohde shouted when he could not win his game against
Michael Brooks at the Eastern Class Championship in Woburn)

Michael Stean (GM)
"The most important feature of the chess position is the activity of the pieces. This
is absolutely fundamental in all phases of the game: opening, middlegame and es-
pecially endgame. The primary constraint on a piece's activity is the pawn structure."

"You can retreat pieces….but not pawns. So always think twice about pawn moves."

"Open files can be used by both players. The chess player, not being an unselfish
advocate of equal opportunity, naturally prefers a one-way system."

"Where are their new objectives? If each player is capable of quick development,
castling, and of not blundering any pieces away, what is there to separate the
two sides?"

Michael Walsh
"Most addicts lament about how their addictions have interfered with their lives.
We lament about how our lives have interfered with our chess."

"Rook endgames a pawn up are drawn. Rook endgames a pawn down are lost."

Mig Greengard
"Find some really weak players and crush the life from them. No, really. It will make
you feel better almost immediately! Be merciless. Take their hanging pieces, em-
ploy the fool's mate, hack, maim, destroy. I'm not talking about taking no prisoners,
I'm talking about taking prisoners and then forcing them to listen to Britney Spears
albums over and over."

"Time trouble does terrible things to all of us, and when your flag is hanging
you get the chance to ruin all of your previous work. Of course, if both players
are in, zeitnot things can get really entertaining."

"The plankton is eaten by the little fish, the little fish is eaten by the big fish, the big
fish is eaten by the dolphin, the dolphin is scooped up in a big net, chopped up into
little pieces, put into cans of tuna, mixed with mayonnaise and made into tasty little
sandwiches. Such is the life cycle, and it finds a parallel over the chessboard. The
beginners are the plankton and are recognizable by their many little legs, transparent
carapaces, and shiny new chess pieces. The club players are the little fish, dis-
tinguished by the way they swim around in large, unruly schools. The masters are
the big fish and are easily detected by their sharp teeth and strong smell. The IMs
and GMs are the dolphins who feed on everything and go, "Eeek! Eeek! Eeek!" when
they are winning. Then we have the super GMs who play the role of the diner in a
posh café wiping the mayo off his chin and washing his sandwich down with a fine
Sauvignon Blanc."

"Chess writing has always been by Grandmasters for Grandmasters, about Grand-
masters. They all write about each other so they tread very lightly. The guy you
criticize today is going to be writing about you tomorrow."

"Those of you who spent a large portion of your time in high school imagining what
the cute members of your math class looked like naked will be particularly good at
this." (on playing over entire games without a board or diagrams)

"Do we really remember anything Dvoretsky, Nunn, and Pandolfini have to say while
we're actually playing? Hell, I'm lucky to remember how to spell Dvoretsky, let alone
recall the "rule of eighteen weaknesses" until I already have seventeen in my position."

"The word 'obvious' in analysis is a good sign that the author is a GM and very
happy with his immense brain."

"Grischuk, proving himself a fast learner, immediately demanded a recount of his
2.5-1.5 defeat by Shirov."

"Lord knows it seems like what goes on at the board these days is the sideshow
and what goes on off it the main event."

Miguel Najdorf (GM)
"Fischer prefers to enter chess history alone."

"I won't play with you anymore. You have insulted my friend." (at a blitz, when an
opponent cursed himself for a blunder)

"When Spassky offers you a piece, you may just as well resign, but when Tal offers
you a piece, go on playing, he may sacrifice another, and then ... who knows?

"Bobby just drops the pieces and they fall on the right squares."

Mike Franett
"True, but it's well to remember that losing at chess, like rejection, like Barry
Manilow, has the power to make men unhapy."

Mikhail Botvinnik (GM)
"Everything is in a state of flux, and this includes the world of chess."

"Chess is no whit inferior to the violin, and we have a large number of professional
violinists."

"Chess is a part of culture and if a culture is declining then chess too will decline."

"Chess, like any creative activity, can exist only through the combined efforts of
those who have creative talent, and those who have the ability to organize their
creative work."

"Chess is the art of analysis."

"The chessplayers' greatest art lies in creating positions in which the normal
relative values cease to exist."

"Chess mastery essentially consists of analyzing chess positions correctly."

"The boy doesn't have a clue about chess, and there's no future at all for him in
this profession." (he said about a young 12 year old boy named Anatoly Karpov)

"Chess is the art which expresses the science of logic."

"Once man starts designing 'electronic brains' analogous to human chess players,
the inadequacies of 'chess thinking' will be revealed, and the checking of the
various methods of programming will tell us how the live players really think."

"Of course, the essence of chess is not to be found in the opening of the game.
The basic ingredient of chess is that in a complex, original situation, where no
source of help is apparent, a player must find the correct solution or move. Any-
one who is able to do this can feel confident at the board."

"Chess is a game for strong people with strong character."

"Chess is first of all a game, but if any succeeds in producing a game which keeps on
living and is played over and over again for many years, chess becomes an art."

"Yes, I have played a blitz game once. It was on a train, in 1929." (interviewed by
Genna Sosonko in 1989)

"We don't have such dogs in the Soviet Union." (upon seeing a rare breed while
on a walk with Euwe in England in 1936). No I suppose your people have eaten
them all. – Max Euwe (this caused a rift with Botvinnik that lasted for years, but
was eventually healed)

"I can only think when I am calm."

"It gradually becomes clear that White has no plan and merely concerns himself with
developing his pieces. You might have been able to play that fifty years ago, but now-
adays, when every master makes a plan after the first to eight moves of the game,
there is no better way of getting into a cramped and passive position than thinking
of development alone." (on a game vs. Sokolsky)

"In my opinion, the process of chess is based essentially on interlinking exchanges
The objective of these interlinking exchanges is a relative gain of material or of
positional value."

"Young man, remember this: I never played chess for pleasure." (on having it
suggested to him in his latter years, that he play blitz chess for fun)

"When big money comes in, chess goes out." GM Mikhail Botvinnik (Kasparov's
greatest mentor) refering to big-time high-stake tournaments

"Don't worry, kids. You'll find work. After all, my machine will need strong chess
player-programmers. You will be the first." (to Kasparov and other chess students,
c.1963, regarding his computer chess program which he claimed would eventually
defeat the World Champion)

"His mastery of open positions was so vast that little new has been learned about
such positions after him." (on Paul Morphy)

"He is a master of complicated and doubled-edged positions. He, undoubtedly,
was one of the strongest representatives of the younger generation of chess
masters. He loved chess passionately and he was a very pleasant man. When our
fierce tournament battle was over, he congratulated me in a very sportsmanlike manner
manner." (referring to Nikolai Riumin)

Mikhail Tal (GM)
"Later, I began to succeed in decisive games. Perhaps because I realized a very
simple truth: not only I was worried, but also my opponent."

"Some sacrifices are sound; the rest are mine."

"There are two types of sacrifices: correct ones and mine."

"You must take your opponent into a deep dark forest where 2+2=5, and the path
leading out is only wide enough for one."

"Chess, first of all, is art."

"Chess is a storm against man."

"It is difficult to play against Einstein's theory." (on his first loss to Fischer)

"…Just as one's imagination is stirred by a girl's smile, so is one's imagination
stirred by the possibilities of chess."

"Yes! Tarzan does not play chess, but Bobby knows that if Tarzan did play chess,
he would beat Cheetah!"

"Pal Benko, who suspected me of hypnotizing him, took out of his pocket a pair
of dark glasses and put them on. This innovation was met by a counter-stroke -
I borrowed some enormous dark glasses from Petrosian, and following Benko,
put them on."

"The state against vodka? I'll be on the side of vodka." (on being told that the
Soviet authorities were launching a campaign against alcoholism)

"If you wait for luck to turn up, life becomes very boring."

"Mother, I have just become Ex-World Champion." (on returning home after losing
the 1961 rematch to Botvinnik)

"When I lost the title to Botvinnik, chess could be played quietly again!"

"I like to grasp the initiative and not give my opponent peace of mind."

“The greatest of the champions was, of course, Emanuel Lasker.”

"Chess is my world. Not a house, nor a castle where I can hide from life's
troubles, but precisely a world. A world where I can express myself."

"He can only take them one at a time." (when someone asked how he could
leave so many pieces hanging)

Mme de Sevigne
"Chess is the most beautiful and reasonable of all games."

Moritz Henneberger
"Previously, Oberhansli was practically unknown even in his own country."
('Alpine Chess', 1921)

Mortimer Collins
"There are two classes of men; those who are content to yield to circumstances
and who play whist; those who aim to control circumstances, and who play chess."

New York Morning Telegraph
"It has been said -- and is probably not true -- that every great man has been a
chess player. But was there ever a chess player who was also a great man? Of
course not and never will be. It is impossible. Great skill at chess is not a mark
of greatness of intellect but of a great intellect gone wrong."

Newsweek Magazine
"First he loses to a computer, now to a human protégé. Next stop: Washington
Square." (on Kasparov)

"The game of chess is actually easy enough to learn, but the finer aspects can take
years to master."

Ngoc Truongson Nguyen (GM)
"I haven't figure out why I usually play badly in Vietnam. May be I will change my
method when playing with familiar opponents. It's very hard to play in Vietnam."

Nigel Davies (GM)
"If the point of playing chess is as a battle of the intellect then most people
would say that the memorization of other peoples ideas is something that is
anathema to the spirit of chess. "

"You will spend the next 30 years of your life living out of suitcases and fighting
for control of the d5 square." (on being a chess professional)

"When the spectators make too much noise, the solution is earplugs. If your
roommate snores, earplugs are the answer. Had Bobby Fischer thought of
buying a pair he might have withdrawn from fewer tournaments and become
World Champion several years sooner. One can only guess at the massive
innate advantage possessed by the deaf World Champion Tigran Petrosian,
who simply turned off his hearing aid if the noise level rose too high."

"There are a number of top professionals (e.g. Morozevich & Korchnoi) who have
expressed the view that White's supposed advantage in chess does not actually exist."

"I see the division between tactics and strategy as being artificial; they should be
interweaved at every moment of the thinking process."

"Prudent commentators would say `unclear', which in plain English means `it
would take me a long time to work out what is happening'. Thus `very unclear'
means that it would take a `very long time'."

"I might add that if a gnat studies in the right way, he may eventually become
an elephant."

Nigel Short (GM)
"Modern chess is too much concerned with things like pawn structure. Forget it,
checkmate ends the game."

"Chess is ruthless: you've got to be prepared to kill people."

"If your opponent offers you a draw, try to work out why he thinks he's worse off."

"Some years ago I ceased to be Britain's leading player when Michael Adams
came to the fore. Railing against this is as pointless as railing against the
changing of the seasons."

"I've really been crushing testicles these last few rounds."

"I'm going to give him a good rogering."

"Oh yeah. She's very nice, very tasty… Yes. They have very beautiful girls here in
India. Very nice, indeed." (on meeting Miss World, Priyanka Chopra)

"In my opinion Fischer is a much stronger speed chess player than Kasparov,
which is incredible when one considers that at 58 he is virtually a geriatric in terms
of the modern age."

"Fischer is like Zeus; he is the God of the gods."

"It's one of the great difficulties of chess because there's nobody telling you what
is the problem in a given position. You may be worrying about your pawn formation
when actually you've got mate in three."

"It will be spoken of centuries to come - as long as people are still playing chess.
Thank you, San Luis."

"In a recent conversation with Ukrainian WIM, the girl mentioned that she knew
of only 1 of her friends who had obtained the title legitimately: everyone else had
bought it."

Norbert Friedrich
"Well, hmmm, endgames, yes, they are important, Yaaaaawwwwnnnnn!"

Norman Reider
"Not without reason is it the one game that, since its invention around A.D. 600,
has been played in most of the world, has captivated the imagination and interests
of millions, and has been the source of great sorrows and great pleasures."

Oberon
"I look at my pawns and I see little queens twirling towards freedom."

"Think like a tree, not a potted plant!"

Oleg Romanishin (GM)
"Draws make me angry."

Oliver Dimakiling
"I don't smoke. I'm not into alcoholic drinks. I just play internet games. I play
pinball when I get the chance. I try to keep myself busy. I don't read books though
because I'm lazy at it. I'm more of an action player. I get to discover new moves
on my own."

Orrin Hudson
"This game is great because it teaches you responsibility. You only have yourself to
blame if you lose the game. The same is true in life. If you want to win, you have to
throw your blame book out the window and take responsibility for yourself."

"In my 23 years experience with the game, I've found that students who learn to play
chess perform better academically. Chess helps children improve their mathematics,
physics, and independent research. It also helps kids develop common sense,
concentration, planning, and following rules, ultimately giving them confidence in
other areas, and skills for a lifetime."

Oscar Panno (GM)
"Whenever you have to make a rook move and both rooks are available for said
move - you should evaluate which rook to move and, once you have made up
your mind - move the other one."

Ossip Bernstein (GM)
"I have always been a sworn enemy of draws and ruined many games by playing
sharply for a win in drawn positions. In one tournament the veteran master Burn,
who was a good friend of mine, offered me a draw on the twelfth move. I refused,
played for a win and ended up in a completely lost position. For the fun of it, I
then offered Burn a draw myself. With his eyes flashing slyly at me through his
glasses, he replied frowningly: 'Had you accepted my offer then, I would accept
yours now', upon which I resigned."

"Am I not a chess idiot?" (he had a quasi-legal document drawn up stating this
and then had it endorsed by Lasker)

Overheard in a Gambling Dive (dialogue of skittles chess players)
"First I will take your pawn, then the rook and your king, then your car, your wife
and your job, and where will you be then, me boy? Checkmate!"

Pal Benko (GM)
"Bobby was afraid that if he had defended against Karpov in 1975, the Russians
would have had him murdered."

"I think I blunder more than other Grandmasters. Mostly I specialize in Rook Blunders,
which I have done at least a dozen times!"

"Kibitzer's don't play, they kibitz; they always know what you should have played,
and they will tell you without being asked... it's almost impossible to shut them up.

"He's a tactician, a calculator and this is the cause of his endless time pressure."
(referring to GM Walter Browne)

"Everything had a wonderful glow to it, the food tasted like nectar and women seemed
so beautiful that I had to date as many as possible."

"I had created a monster. I found it necessary to turn to other openings in the mid-
seventies."

Paul Keres (GM)
"The older I grow, the more I value pawns."

"Chess is a test of wills."

"Endgames with Queens and pawns on both sides are among the most difficult in
chess."

"Petrosian was a player who spent more time considering his opponent’s possibilities
than his own."

"The creative side of the game does not matter, the point is the king."

"In complicated positions, Bobby hardly had to be afraid of anybody."

Paul Kollar
"The Unknown remains, probably forever inexplicable, regardless of how many
yellowed game scores, cracked newspaper clippings, and curled and faded old
photos are uncovered. My appreciation, even awe at his chess talent aside, the
nicest thing I can say about Bob Fischer is that he's a genuine enigma."

Paul Morphy (GM)
"Help your pieces so they can help you."

"Chess is eminently and emphatically the philosopher's game."

"Checkers is for tramps."

Perseus
"Too much blitz undermines the proper mentality needed for thoughtful analysis."

Peter Lee
"Fischer watched myself and Larry Evans play bridge. He watched for about 20
minutes and left the room. Only later was I told that he didn't know how to play
the game."

Peter Romanovsky (GM)
"Believe me, playing in such a style, this guy has no chess future." (on a young Tal)

Peter Svidler (GM)
"There were only two cockroaches in our room." (on conditions at a tournament)

"The chess world is a mess!"

"It is remarkable what lenghts the human mind will go to justify doing what it wanted
in the first place."

Pierre Mac Orlan
"There are more adventures on a chessboard than on all the seas of the world."

Piet Van Der Weide
"The experienced traveler arrives on time, but not too early. And so I thought
that an experienced chessplayer has to make forty moves before the time
control, and not nervously one extra to be quite sure." (on losing a game due
to mistakenly making only 39 moves before the time control)

Ralph Charell
"Avoid the crowd. Do your thinking independently. Be the chess player, not the
chess piece."

Ralph L. Hall
"Chess is a game of quiet intensity."

Randy Carson (and thousands of other married online chess players)
"Yes, I'm still playing chess, and no, I don't know when I'm coming to bed."

Randy Pals
"In general, it can be established that there are two defenses against 1.e4, which
make it absolutely impossible for the first player to take any initiative, and which
give black such an even game, without any difficulties at all, that it has now become
useless in practice, since these defenses are generally known. They are the Caro-
Kann Defense and the variation of the French Game: 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6
4.Bg5 dxe4."

Raymond Boger
"As the power of personal computers increases, the tactical possibilities (in
correspondence games) will almost vanish - games will be decided because of
long-term strategic choices."

Raymond Chandler (GM)
"Chess is as elaborate a waste of human intelligence as you can find outside an
advertising agency."

"Chess is a battle without armour and a war without blood."

"It was night. I went home and put my old house clothes on and set the chessmen
out and mixed a drink and played over another Capablanca. It went fifty-nine moves.
Beautiful, cold, remorseless chess, almost creepy in its silent implacability. When
it was done I listened at the open window for a while and smelled the night. Then I
carried my glass out to the sink sipping it and looking at my face in the mirror.
You and Capablanca,' I said."

Raymond Keene (GM)
"There's something in the British psyche. We're very good at being buccaneers
and pirates, and we're very good at being merchant bankers. Chess is very much
like that, a sort of piracy of the mind, a sort of opportunism."

"I avoided open Sicilians because I want to play chess, not get involved in a
memory championship."

"Games like this [Penrose-Botvinnik] (and there were plenty in this tournament)
impressed on me that 'wanting to win' was perhaps more important than 'playing
good moves'."

Raymond Stonkus
"Analyzing blitz is like eating popcorn for nutritional content."

"Bad Bishop: one that is trapped behind his own pawns. Sometimes that bishop
isn't bad, he's just a little misunderstood."

Renaud and Khan
"Chess is played with the mind and not with the hands."

Reuben Fine (GM)
"Combinations have always been the most intriguing aspect of chess. The
masters look for them, the public applauds them, the critics praise them. It is
because combinations are possible that chess is more than a lifeless mathematic-
al exercise. They are the poetry of the game; they are to chess what melody is
to music. They represent the triumph of mind over matter."

"Discovered check is the dive bomber of the chessboard."

"What others could not see in a month's study, Capablanca saw in a glance."

"I'd rather have a pawn than a finger."

"The profuse phallic symbolism of chess provides some fantasy gratification of
the homosexual wish, particularly the desire for mutual masturbation."

"The first principle of attack -- Don't let the opponent develop!"

"The real lives of dazzlingly brilliant chess geniuses are sometimes hopelessly dull."

"The King is a strong piece. Use it."

"Do not place your pawns on the color of your bishop."

"Thirty years ago (this was written in 1942), Teichmann said that chess is
99% tactics. And despite the enormous strides of chess theory since then,
his percentage can only be reduced a few points."

"Pawns symbolize children, particularly little boys. They can grow up (promote)
but it is again significant that they may not become King."

"Three pieces versus two Rooks (with equal pawns) is normally a draw, but in favor
of the pieces because they have more play."

"Spielmann's main concern in life, apart from Chess, was to accumulate enough
money to buy limitless quantities of beer!"

Richard Dawkings
"Personally I rather look forward to a computer program winning the world chess
championship. Humanity needs a lesson in humility."

Richard Eales
"If it is so difficult to reconstruct the history of chess in India after 600, by which
time it had already begun its journey to the West, it must seem quite impossible to
reach any conclusions about the game's actual invention, before 600."

Richard Fenton
"A man that will back a move at chess will pick a pocket."

Richard Forster
"Oops. As Black wins a piece after 17...Qxb5, Bogoljubow decided to switch
fully to his breakfast." (on a game Bogoljubow resigned in his match against
Spielmann. He'd arrived late for the game and played the opening very quickly
while finishing his breakfast)

Richard Reti (GM)
"It is the aim of the modern school, not to treat every position according to one
general law, but according to the principle inherent in the position."

"Chess was Capablanca's mother tounge."

"The scheme of a game is played on positional lines; the decision of it, as a
rule, is affected by combinations."

"A knowledge of combination is the foundation of position play."

"Chess is a fighting game which is purely intellectual and excludes chance."

"Now we see wherein lies the pleasure to be derived from a chess combination.
It lies in the feeling that a human mind is behind the game, dominating the inanimate
pieces with which the game is carried on, and giving them the breath of life."

"We perceive after a careful consideration of the evolution of the chess mind
that such evolution has gone on, in general, in a way quite similar to that in
which it goes on with the individual chess player, only with the latter more rapidly."

"The truth in chess is much more in the ideas than in the variations."

"Those chess lovers who ask me how many moves I usually calculate in advance,
when making a combination, are always astonished when I reply, quite truthfully,
'as a rule not a single one'."

"In open positions the safety of the King should be the first consideration."

"It is a profound mistake to imagine that the art of combination depends only on
natural talent, and that it cannot be learned."

"Anything may happen in a chess game."

"While in all of Schlechter's beautiful games there is to be found playful delight
comparable to the joyful dance, and while with Lasker a dramatic struggle captivates
the onlooker, with Rubinstein all is refined tranquility."

Richard Teichmann (GM)
"Chess is 99 percent tactics."

Rick Kennedy
"Pawns are born free, yet are everywhere in chains..."

Rob Sillars
"Only sissies castle."

"Castle early and often."

Robert Benchley
"I once heard of a murderer who propped his two victims up against a chess board in
sporting attitudes and was able to get as far as Seattle before his crime was discovered.

Robert Browning
"All we have gained then by our unbelief is a life of doubt diversified by faith, for
one of faith diversified by doubt: we called the chess-board white, we call it black."

Robert "Bobby" Fischer (GM)
"There's no one alive I can't beat."

"They asked me what year it was, what month it was, etc. I easily answered these
stupid questions." (I was tortured in the Pasadena Jailhouse, 1982)

"All that matters on the chessboard is good moves."

"There’s something wrong with that man. He’s too normal." (on Max Euwe)

"They have nothing on me, those guys. They can't even touch me. Some people
rate them better than me. That really bugs me. They think that no Americans play
chess. When I met those Russian Patzers, I'll put them in their place."

"I to be a playboy like Benko one day!"

"Sometimes girls write me. One girl in Yugoslavia sent me a whole slew of love
letters. I don't know how she got my address. She was in a crowd watching me
play. She says when I left there the stars fell out of the sky over Yugoslavia."

"Chess is life."

"Alekhine is a player I've never really understood; yet, strangely, if you've seen one
Alekhine game you've seen them all. He always wanted a superior center; he
maneuvered his pieces towards the King's-side, and around the twenty-fifth move
began to mate his opponent."

"Morphy was probably the greatest genius of them all."

"Chess demands total concentration and a love for the game."

"All women are weak. They are stupid compared to men. They shouldn't play chess,
you know. They are like beginners. They lose every single game against a man."

"I don't believe in psychology. I believe in good moves."

"Chess is war over the board. The object is to crush the opponent's mind."

"Spassky can blunder away a piece, and you are never sure whether it's a blunder
or a fantastically deep sacrifice. He sits at the board with the same dead expres-
sion whether he's mating or being mated."

"All I want to do, ever, is just play chess."

"I think it's almost definite that the game is a draw thoretically."

"I usually never stay at the board after a game. Especially against Spassky. I made
a dumb suggestion and he refuted it instantly! I know I'm going to have to play him
someday and it was really stupid to look like such a jerk in front of him." (on a 1966
post mortem)

"You can only get good at chess if you love the game."

"I like to make them squirm."

"Genius. It's a word. What does it really mean? If I win, I'm a genius. If I don't, I'm not."

"As Olafsson showed me, white can win…It's hard to believe. I stayed up all night
analysing, finally convincing myself, and, incidentally, learning a lot about rook
and pawn endings in the process."

"Normally we'd draw the curtain here, but I just wanted to see what he'd play next."
(on delaying resignation)

"Concentrate on material gain. Whatever your opponent gives, you take, unless you
see a good reason not to."

"I give 98% of my mental energy to chess. Others give only 2%."

"Your body has to be in top condition. Your chess deteriorates as your body does.
You can't separate body from mind."

"I prepare myself well. I know what I can do before I go in. I'm always confident."

"Psychologically, you have to have confidence in yourself and this confidence should
be based on fact."

"People have been playing against me below their strength for fifteen years."

"It's just you and your opponent at the board and you're trying to prove something."

"I play honestly and I play to win. If I lose, I take my medicine."

"You have to have fighting spirit. You have to force moves and take chances."

"That's what chess is all about. One day you give your opponent a lesson, the next
day he gives you one."

"I like the moment when I break a man's ego."

"There are tough players and nice guys, and I'm a tough player."

"I am the best player in the world and I am here to prove it."

"You know, I can beat all those guys."

"Let's play. I'm willing to play anywhere."

"I add status to any tournament I attend."

"Patzer sees check, Patzer makes check."

"When I was eleven. I just got good."

"The turning point in my career came with the realization that Black should play to
win instead of just steering for equality."

"If I win a tournament, I win it by myself. I do the playing. Nobody helps me."

"If you don't win, it's not a great tragedy - the worst that happens is that you lose
a game."

"Don't even mention losing to me. I can't stand to think of it."

"Chess is a matter of delicate judgment, knowing when to punch and how to duck."

"A strong memory, concentration, imagination, and a strong will." (on what it takes
to become a strong chess player)

"I know people who have all the will in the world, but still can't play good chess."

"I really love the dark of the night. It helps me to concentrate."

"It's pretty tough because of all the tension and all the concentration, sitting there
hour after hour. It's…exhausting."

"It's like taking a five hour final examination." (on chess)

"Different people feel differently about resigning."

"It doesn't pay to be petty like they are."

"They've almost ruined chess."

"The Russians have fixed world chess."

"You know I'm finished with the old chess because it's all just a lot of book and
memorization you know."

"The old chess is too limited. Imagine playing cards, blackjack for example,
and everytime the dealer has the same starting hand you have the same starting
hand. What's the point?"

"I have nothing to do with politics. I came here (Yugoslavia) to play chess and
nothing else."

"I despise the media."

"Is it against the law to kill a reporter?"

"I'm not as soft or as generous a person as I would be if the world hadn't changed me."

"They like to write only bad things about me."

"Tactics flow from a superior position."

"Best by test." (on 1.e4)

"It's not what leaves the board but what is left that counts."

"Just because a man was champion for many years does not necessarily mean
that he was a good player."

“Emanuel Lasker was a coffeehouse player.”

"Winning feels like you're sucking blood from other guy's neck."

"I think my subconscious mind is working on chess all the time --- even when I am
not playing or studying chess." (GM Larry Evans remembered Bob as saying)

"I don't remember one thing I learned in school. I don't listen to weakies."

"My sister bought me a set at a candy store and taught me the moves."

"It will probably be the greatest sports event in history, bigger even than the
Frazier-Ali fight." (on his match with Boris Spassky in 1972)

"For the first lesson, I want you to play over every column of Modern Chess
Openings, including the footnotes. And for the next lesson, I want you to do
it again."

Robert Burton
"It is a game too troublesome for some men's braines, too full of anxiety, all out
as bad as study; and besides it is a testy cholericke game and very offensive to
him that looseth the mate."

Robert Huebner (GM)
"Those who say they understand chess, understand nothing."

"Chess is thriving. There are ever less round robin tournaments and ever more
World Champions." (on Schach, December 2000)

Robert Robinson
"I've played chess all my life, but these days I can only spare the time for
postal play."

Robin Jackson
"Don't speak to me of Polgars. Don't mention Vera M. (I really don't play very
much like any one of them.) Don't talk to me of hormones, or math and science
scores. I've hearf the line from Darwin and the one from Freud on wars. I'm just
another player, with another game to play; the round's in seven minutes and I
haven't time to stay. So ask me out to dinner, and maybe I'll say, 'Yes'… but
please don't ask me anymore why women don't play chess!" (from Biological Clock)

Roger Langen
"The notion that chess is a diversion for math wizards or a refuge for eccentrics
is a misconception. The ranks of the grandmaster player are filled with all manner
of people from musicians to hot-dog salesmen."

"The problems that arise in the 70-90 positions of the average chess game are,
moreover, new. Contexts are familiar, themes repeat, but game positions never
do. This makes chess good grist for the problem-solving mill."

Roman Dzindzichashvili (GM)
"It all depends: which pawn and which finger!"

"Now I have the pawn and the compensation."

Ron Gross
"I guess a certain amount of temperament is expected of geniuses." (on Fischer)

Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam
"Tis all a chequer board of nights and days where destiny with men for pieces plays:
hither and tither moves, and mates, and slays, and one by one in the closet lays."

Rudolph Spielmann (GM)
"A good sacrifice is one that is not necessarily sound but leaves your opponent
dazed and confused."

"Play the opening like a book, the middle game like a magician, and the endgame
like a machine."

"From Anderssen I learned the art of making combinations; from Tarrasch how
advantageously to avoid making them."

"I can comprehend Alekhine's combinations well enough; but where he gets his
attacking chances from and how he infuses such life into the very opening --
that is beyond me."

Ruslan Ponomariov (GM)
"Whatever chess players might say, there always is a chessboard, and only over the
chessboard may you prove that you are better than somebody!"

Russek
"I have seen two things in GM play: 1- They know very well typical positions (for
example by pawn structure) and the plans and tactics behind them. 2- They always
play very concentrated with great ambition and confidence."

Russian Proverb
"A wood-pusher overlooks the ranks."

"Chess and vodka are born brothers."

"There are many moves, but only one mate."

Rustam Kamsky (GM)
"My name is Rustam Kamsky. You annoyed my son. Prepare to die."

Salo Flohr (GM)
"Chess, like love, is infectious at any age."

"Is Fischer quite sane?"

Sam Loyd
"Take care of the pawns and the queens take care of themselves."

Samuel Boden (GM)
"In a gambit you give up a pawn for the sake of getting a lost game."

"Analysis: irrefutable proof that you could have won a game that you lost."

Samuel Reshevsky (GM)
"My style is somewhere between that of Tal and Petrosian."

"To a chess master, there is no such thing as an "obvious" move. Experience
has shown repeatedly that wins or draws are thrown away by thoughtless
play. Careful planning is the essence of chess strategy. Every move must
be scrutinized with care. Each must be analyzed in the light of the plan under
consideration. Nowhere is waste of time more severely punished than in chess."

"You play war. I play chess." (to a German officer whom the child prodigy had just
defeated in a game)

"Always one more than my opponent!" (on being asked how many moves ahead
he sees)

Sarah Hurst
"It's an alternative lifestyle."

Saudin Robovic
"Chess is a terrific way for kids to build self image and self steem."

"Chess opens and enriches your mind."

"Becoming successful at chess allows you to discover your own personality.
That's what I want for the kids I teach."

Savielly Tartakower (GM)
"The mistakes are there, waiting to be made."

"All chess players should have a hobby."

"A game is always won through a mistake, either the opponent's or one's own."

"Chess is a fairy tale of 1001 blunders."

"A chess game is divided into three stages: the first, when you hope you have
the advantage, the second when you believe you have an advantage, and the
third… when you know you're going to lose!"

"To avoid losing a piece, many a person has lost the game."

"It's always better to sacrifice your opponent's men."

"The tactician must know what to do whenever something needs doing; the
strategist must know what to do when nothing needs doing."

"The winner of the game is the player who makes the next-to-last mistake."

"Some part of a mistake is always correct."

"No game was ever won by resigning."

"Any opening is good enough to be played if it's reputation is bad enough."

"In chess there is only one mistake: over-estimation of your opponent. All else is
either bad luck or weakness."

"Tactics is what you do when there is something to do; strategy is what you do
when there is nothing to do."

"If chess is an art, Alekhine. If chess is a science, Capablanca. If chess is a
struggle, Lasker." (on who was the greatest chess player)

"The great master places a knight at e5; mate follows by itself."

"Some knights don't leap - they limp."

"I had a toothache during the first game. In the second game I had a headache.
In the third game it was an attack of rheumatism. In the fourth game, I wasn't
feeling well. And in the fifth game? Well, must one have to win every game?"

"The player who plays best in a tournament never wins first. He finishes second
behind the guy with he most luck."

"I just keep the window open." (on how he got any writing done during a particularly
cold winter with no heat in his room)

"There are only two kinds of moves in the opening: moves which are wrong and
moves which could be wrong."

"Let 'S' be the strength that a player professes, and 's' represent what in fact he
possesses. From a small calculation we reach the conclusion that 'S' minus 's'
must equal Illusion."

"The world's chess percentage structure: one master, two chess journalists,
three young eager talents and 100 understanding commentators."

"Sacrifices only prove that someone has blundered."

"Moral victories do not count."

"Only a strong player knows how weakly he plays."

"This move (1.b4), which has so bizarre an aspect, occupies a place of
honor amongst the `freak' openings. Later, at the New York Tournament of
1924, I termed this the `Orangutan' Opening, not only because I employed
it there against Maroczy -- after a previous consultation with a young
orangutan (during a visit by all the masters to the New York Zoo on the eve
of the game in question) but also since the climbing movement of the pawn to b4
and then b5 is reminiscent of that inventive animal. The name has stuck."

"The existence of chess can only be justified by the necessity of making errors."

"Forced, therefore correct."

"Combination is a possible impossibility! It is a divine spark which exists independent-
ly of all the other chess ideas and illuminates the chess game as a meteor."

"Chess is the art of battle for the victorious battle of art."

Scott Kerns
"Chess is the greatest game ever invented, because it only looks like a game."

Shelley Smith
"Life is like a game of chess, in which there are an infinite number of complex
moves possible. The choice is open, but the move made contains within it all
future moves. One is free to choose, but what follows is the result of one's choice.
From the consequences of one's action there is never any escape."

Siegbert Tarrasch (GM)
"Many have become chess masters, no one has become master of chess."

"Before the endgame, the Gods have placed the middle game."

"He who fears an isolated queen's pawn should give up chess."

"I already came upon the world as a extraordinary human being; to my parents'
great horror, I was equipped with a clubfoot which, however, did not hamper my
rapid progress."

"It is not enough to be a good player…you must also play well."

"Chess, like love, like music, has the power to make men happy."

"One doesn't have to play well, it's enough to play better than your opponent."

"The winner of the game is the one who has made the next to last blunder."

"A thorough understanding of the typical mating continuations makes the most
complicated sacrificial combinations leading up to them not only not difficult,
but almost a matter of course."

"The object of playing a gambit opening is to acquire a reputation of being a
dashing player at the cost of losing a game."

"Mistrust is the most necessary characteristic of the chess player."

"First-class players lose to second-class players because second-class players
sometimes play a first-class game."

"When the win is in sight -- sit on your hands!"

"Chess is a form of intellectual productiveness, therein lies its peculiar charm.
Intellectual productiveness is one of the greatest joys -- if not the greatest one --
of human existence. It is not everyone who can write a play, or build a bridge, or
even make a good joke. But in chess everyone can, everyone must be intellectually
productive, and so can share in this select delight. I have always a slight feeling of
pity for the man who has no knowledge of chess, just as I would pity the man who
has remained ignorant of love."

"I look only one move ahead…the best!"

"If the defender is forced to give up the center, then every possible attack follows
almost of itself."

"Chess is a terrible game. If you have no center, your opponent has a freer
position. If you do have a center, then you really have something to worry about."

"When you don't know what to do, wait for your opponent to get an idea; it is
sure to be bad."

"White lost because he failed to remember the right continuation and had to think
up the moves himself."

"Weak points or holes in the opponent's position must be occupied by pieces,
not pawns."

"Up to this point White has been following well-known analysis. But now he makes
a fatal error: he begins to use his head."

"Let the opponent have the pawn center, and I will attack him."

"The greatest mistake in chess is to overestimate your opponent."

Silver Dragon
"Play forcing openings and defences to make the opponent do battle on your
chosen ground."

Sneaky
"He's one of my favorites. The way he plays, you really start to think that 1.e4 is
a forced win for White." (referring to Joseph Blackburne)

Soren Kierkegaard
"I feel as if I were a piece in a game of chess, my opponent says of it: that piece
cannot be moved."

"If the defender is forced to give up the center, then every possible attack follows
almost of itself."

Soviet Encyclopedia
"Chess is an art appearing in the form of a game."

Stan Mikita
"If you play to win, as I do, the game never ends."

Stanley Ellin
"The way he plays chess demonstrates a man's whole nature."

Stanley Kubrick
"You sit at the board and suddenly your heart leaps. Your hand trembles to pick
up the piece and move it. But what chess teaches you is that you must sit
there calmly and think about whether it's really a good idea and whether there
are other better ideas."

"Chess teaches you to control the initial excitement you feel when you see some-
thing that looks good and it trains you to think objectively when you're in trouble."

Stefan Zweig
"How hard it is to understand a man who, through using a new opening,
moving the knight instead of the pawn, achieves a feat, and his tiny
little scrap of immortality tucked away in a chess book reference – a man,
an intelligent man, who without losing his reason, for 10, 20, 30, 40 years,
concentrates all his mental energy over and over again on the ludicrous
exercise of maneuvering into a corner a wooden king on a wooden board!"

"Such a unique, such an ingenious game must produce its own special matadors."

Stephan Gerzadowicz
"Openings teach you openings. Endgames teach you chess!"

Stephen Leacock
"Chess is one long regret."

Steve Fesperman
"It's not blitz, it's "en prise, sil vous plez."

Steve Lopez
"Chess really is a universal game that cuts across all of those artificial boundaries
we set up to segregate ourselves from our fellow human beings."

Steven Winer
"Fortune favors the good."

"I want to keep playing until I win one."

"Yeah, chess is like a silverware convention."

"I've been demoted from FIDE master to tasty dessert."

Sun Tzu
"All men can see the tactics whereby I conquer, but what none can see is the
strategy out of which victory is evolved."

Sunday Telegraph
"There are more than 300 places to play chess on the internet but, as with
nightclubs, there is only one place the 'A List' gravitates to: the Internet Chess
Club."

Susan Polgar
"I firmly believe that chess can help children develop mental disciplines, analytical
skills, strategic thinking skills, and will help children excel in schools and in life."

Swami Shankaranda
"It may look as though two chess players are sitting at the board peacefully
calculating possibilities, but in actuality they are seething with a kaleidoscope
of emotions."

Sytze Faber
"We must make sure that chess will not be like a dead language, very interesting,
but for a very small group." (Top Chess Commissioner in the Dutch Chess Federation)

Technical Draw
"I played GM Najdorf in a simul in Bangkok in 1972. I lost via a splendid Queen
sacrifice. I congratulated him in Spanish and he was happily surprised to hear
Spanish in Thailand. He spoke fluent Spanish and was able to play back all the
moves in our game an hour after it was over! He was really such a nice guy."

Ted Danson
"Chess is an amazing game: it's a ferocious battle, it's a war, it's a contact sport."

Teimour Radjabov (GM)
"I saw fear in his eyes." (on Kasparov, who was presenting the 11 year old a trophy)

Tevis
"When in doubt…play chess!"

The Princess Bride
"Never go in against a Sicilian when *death* is on the line!"

The Times, November 2000
"Chess returns man to the noblest ideas of contest."

Thomas Browne
"Thus the devil played at chess with me, and yielding a pawn, thought to gain a
queen of me, taking advantage of my honest endeavours."

Thomas Codispoti
"Best play for white against the Sicilian? 1.d4!"

Thomas Cogan
"Chess is an earnest exercise of the mind."

Thomas Huxley
"The chessboard is the world, the pieces are the phenomena of the universe,
the rules of the game are what we call the laws of nature and the player on the
other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just and
patient. But we also know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or
makes the smallest allowance for ignorance."

Thomas Jefferson
"We should talk over the lessons of the day, or lose them in music, chess, or
the merriments of our family companions. The heart thus lightened, our pillows
would be soft, and health and long life would attend the happy scene."

Tigran Petrosian (GM)
"Those who rely on chance should play cards and roulette. Chess is something
quite different."

"Grandmasters are not gladiators."

"Even the most distinguished players have in their careers experienced severe
disappointments due to ignorance of the best lines or suspension of their own
common sense."

"I know I am not on form when the best move is not the one that first comes to
my mind."

"They say my chess games should be more interesting. I could be more interesting -
and also lose."

"It does not really matter, as long as it is an extra one." (on which was his favorite
chess piece)

"One must be aware of unnecessary excitement."

"Looking back, I rarely recall vexations and disappointments. Compared with the joys
which chess has generously given me, they are mere trifles."

Tim Harding
"Think before you make your moves! Chess is above all a game of skill. Its beauty
and subtlety can only be fully understood by those who take the time and see --
not only the clever moves that actually appear on the board but also the hidden
ideas and threats which the players had to avoid. Blitz and rapid chess do not
allow much time for thought, but you can still use what time you have to plan and
calculate."

"The sad truth seems to be that, so far as the Vienna is concerned, the era of
heroes and monsters has given way to rational defense."

Tim Krabbe
"Anyone can hang a piece, but a good blunder requires thought."

Tim Redman
"The reason for assigning two white games in a row is, however, crystal clear, for
I have never known anyone to question that pairing."

Tim Robbins
"Chess - now there's a game for kings. Civilized, strategic."

Tom Wiswell
"To lose is human, to win is divine, to draw is an art."

Tony Miles (GM)
"I think I can safely conclude that there is not a lot to be said for playing chess
while on Valium."

"On the chessboard, first we seek the truth."

"I thought I was playing the world champion, not some 27-eyed monster who sees
everything in all positions."

Tony Santasiere
"The Queen's Gambit is like a piece of dead fish kept overlong on ice, tool of a
coward than an adventurer."

Trevor English
"You may knock your opponent down with the chessboard, but that does not prove
that you are the better player."

"If when you play chess with a fellow Human, you find you have no anxiety, no
chest pains, no sweaty brow, no uncontrollable shaking hands, give up… you're
not enjoying it!"

Tuomas Sandholm
"This element of uncertainty, and the vagaries of luck inherent in randomly dealt
cards, make poker a better test of artificial intelligence than chess."

Ulf Andersson (GM)
"Chess used to have class."

Unidentified Grandmaster
"I wish Benko was here so that he could show us some chess magic!" (at one
tournament)

Unknown
"A man surprised is half beaten."

"A bad day of chess is better than any good day at work."

"My favorite piece is the one that wins."

"If chess is a science, it's a most inexact one. If chess is an art, it's too exacting
to be seen as one. If chess is a sport, it's too esoteric. If chess is a game, it's
too demanding to be just a game. If chess is a mistress, she's a demanding one.
If chess is a passion, it's a rewarding one. If chess is life, it's a sad one."

"Chess is not an equation."

"When in doubt…develop."

"When in doubt…attack."

"Playing chess gives us a chance to start out life over again, and this time, no one
has more money than us, no one is more beautiful, no one lives in a better neighbor-
hood, and we all go to the same school. Other than having the first move, and this
benefit is shared equally, no one starts with any unfair advantage.

"When in doubt…retreat."

"Chess is too much to be merely a game but too little to be anything more."

"Chess is just a rhyme without a reason."

"Chess - a tragedy in one tempo!"

"Creating an undesired stalemate is the height of stupidity."

"If you can't beat your computer at chess, try kickboxing."

"Never move a piece twice before you have moved every piece once."

"He who takes the queen's knight's pawn will sleep in the streets!"

"A well-played chess game, like a woman, is music to the soul."

"If you resign, then thank you for the game." (this was an "if" move in a CC game)

"Even God cannot win a drawn position against a supergrandmaster."

"Non-titled players can often come up with new moves, but they aren't able to
correctly evaluate the positional results."

"If a garden is nature perfected, then a study might be described as a game of
chess perfected."

"You may knock your opponent down with the chessboard, but that does not
prove that you are the better player."

"The Achilles' heel of a chess position." (on f7)

"Once a King, always a King. Once a Queen, always a Queen, but once a
Knight is enough."

"Lost game: something your opponent had before he won."

"The reason they call it chess, is that all the four-letter words were taken."

“Good Enough" is the enemy of excellence.

"If you're too busy to play chess... you're too busy."

Unknown Amateur
"He said check to my Queen and so, of course, I had to resign."

"I not only lost my shirt at this tournament, but I left my coat as well." (on why he
returned to the tournament hall after losing three straight games to lower rated
players)

"What went wrong with your plan? He didn't follow it!" (during the post mortem
after a Korchnoi simul)

Unknown Soviet Grandmaster
"We have no grandmasters weaker than Raymond Keene."

Unknown Grandmaster at the 1974 Ft. Wayne Open
"Masters? Masters are sh*theads!"

V.B. Malkin
"Mikhail Gromov, the outstanding Soviet Pilot, wrote that if one wants to become
a good pilot one must learn the art of self-control. Those words may apply equally
to chess and to every chessplayer."

Varuzhan Akobian (GM)
"From the very beginning, I was different from other chess kids. It was never just
a game for me. I always wanted to be a Grandmaster, and I knew I would do what
it takes."

"This is one way in which Armenia is very different from the US. If I went to high
school here in the US, I never could have spent so much energy on chess."

"Don't expect to see constant improvement. You build knowledge and work hard,
and after a while, you'll see a big breakthrough." (advice to aspiring players)

Vasily Panov (GM)
"The loser is always at fault."

"Everyone who pays his membership fees to his club should be awarded the
master's title. Although I shall personally consider everybody to be a master
unless he proves me the opposite."

Vasily Smyslov (GM)
"A chess game is a work of art between minds, which need to balance two some-
times - desparate goals - to win, and to produce beauty."

"I have always lived between chess and music."

"Simple positions give an inexperienced an opportunity not only to understand,
but also to feel deeply what each piece is able to do."

Vassily Ivanchuk (GM)
"Well in the Ukraine many people know me and when I am walking in the
street they often recognize me. One day I was walking in the park and a
person was sitting there playing chess. He challenged me to a game and
wanted to play for money. I refused and he kept on taunting me with,
"You don’t know how to play chess? Come I will teach you!" So he started
to teach me … until some people came along and told him who I was …
this was very amusing."

Veselin Topalov (GM)
"I find it fun playing computers. The only problem is that the psychological duel
doesn't exist. You can't bluff. You can't count on unforced errors."

Viacheslav Ragozin (GM)
"Tal doesn't move the pieces by hand; he uses a magic wand."

Viennese Coffeehouse Player
"It seems like I am losing more money at chess than I am making in stealing."

Viktor Korchnoi (GM)
"The human element, the human flaw, and the human nobility, those are the
reasons that chess matches are won or lost."

"Skeletons of mice are often to be found in coconuts, for it is easier to get in,
slim and greedy, than to get out, appeased but fat."

"When a player decides to change his openings, it's a sign that he's growing up!"

"No chess grandmaster is normal; they only differ in the extent of their madness."

"You have little understanding about chess!" (said angrily to a much lower rated
player he'd just lost to)

"Chess you don't learn….chess you understand!"

"When I was a child, I had three main passions. I wanted to play the piano but I
could not afford to buy one. I also wanted to be an actor but my pronunciation was
not pure enough. So I settled for chess."

"All obvious moves look dubious in analysis after the game."

"I don’t study; I create." (on being asked how he studied)

"Bobby is not crazy like they say. And believe me, I know crazy. He simply failed
to keep up a normal relations." (on Fischer)

"I have to face the opening preparation of the whole family." ( on having to face
Kramnik and his training partner Dolmatov in successive rounds of a tournament)

"My chess hero." (on Emanuel Lasker)

"The only positive contribution to chess from Fischer in the last 20 years." (on the
Fischer clock)

"Every time I win a tournament I have to think that there is something wrong with
modern chess."

Viswathan Anand (GM)
"Nowadays, when you're not a grandmaster at 14, you can forget about it."

"These days I understand there are two kinds of equal positions - equal positions
you like to play and equal positions you can't stand the sight of."

"I'll take my five positions per second any day, thank you." (comparing humans
with chess computers)

"Intuition in chess can be defined as the first move that comes to mind when you
see a position."

Vladimir Kramnik (GM)
"That would be pointless. He is much too strong." (on Steinitz challenging God
to a chess game)

"Between GMs we have this saying: there are only two styles: the losing or the
winning one."

"Chess is so deep. I simply feel lost."

"Chess is an incredibly emotional game. If everything around you is harmonious,
when you are feeling good, you are in a creative mood. If something is disturbing
you and you are in a bad mood, then it is difficult to be creative. So you have to
create the right atmosphere."

"Work on my chess is permanent."

"I don't think about my place in chess history. It’s not a good way to think. I want to
play chess well, win and play good games. But this doesn't bother me."

Vladimir Lenin
"Chess is only a recreation and not an occupation."

Vladimir Nabokov (GM)
"Chess problems demand from the composer the same virtues that characterize
all worthwhile art: originality, invention, conciseness, harmony, complexity, and
splendid insincerity."

"Of all my Russian books, the defense contains and diffuses the greatest warmth
which may seem odd seeing how supremely abstract chess is supposed to be."

"The game of the Gods. Infinite possibilities."

Vladimir Putin
"Chess does make a man wiser and clear-sighted."

Vladimir Simagin (GM)
"A game conducted logically and finished off with a beautiful combination - that
is my chess ideal."

Vladimir Zak
"At that age (ten), the odd piece here or there often makes little difference.
Rather, ingenuity and the will to win may prove decisive."

"Combinative vision manifests itself at an early age, and children are quick to notice
execute combinations, which chance to turn up. Preparing combinations, however,
is more difficult for them."

Vlastimil Hort (GM)
"I believe that chess possesses a magic that is also a help in advanced age. A
rheumatic knee is forgotten during a game of chess and other events can seem
quite unimportant in a comparison with a catastrophe on the chessboard."

"In blitz, the knight is stronger than the bishop."

Walter Browne (GM)
"I am always happy to buy my opponent a steak dinner right before we play!"

"I recently heard De Firmian say that he got better when he realized that nobody was
any good. What he meant was that he was no longer intimidated by the top players.

Walter Lippmann
"Where all men think alike, no one thinks very much."

Walter Scott
"Surely chess is a sad waste of brains."

Walter Shipman
"It began to feel as though you were playing against chess itself." (on playing
against Fischer)

Weldon McDonald
"I see chess as an allegory for life. The point is it's a contest between two
opponents."

Wilhelm Steinitz (GM)
"A win by an unsound combination, however showy, fills me with artistic horror."

"Only the player with the initiative has the right to attack."

"I have never in my life played the French Defence, which is the dullest of all openings."

"A sacrifice is best refuted by accepting it."

"Fame, I have already. Now I need the money."

"Some sacrifices are sound; the rest are mine."

"Chess is so inspiring that I do not believe a good player is capable of having an
evil thought during the game."

"Chess is not for timid souls."

"Chess is intellectual gymnastics."

"The progress of age can no more be disputed than Morphy's extraordinary genius."

"Have you ever seen a monkey examining a watch?" (responding with impatience
to an inquirer)

"…I cannot imagine anything that puts such a strain on all the vital organs - brain,
heart, kidneys, and liver - at once, as the excitement when playing chess…"

"My King likes to go for a walk."

"In this game, there occurs almost a continuity of brilliancies, every one of which bears
the stamp of intuitive genius that could have been little assisted by calculations, as the
combination-point arises only at the very end of the game." (on the Immoratal Game)

"For successful defence, you should use minimum possible number of defenders."

Will Rogers
"Even if you're in the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there."

Will Smith
"It is cool to play chess!"

Willard Fiske
"The world is not likely to tire of an amusement which never repeats itself, of a game
which presents today features as novel and charms as fresh as those with which it
delighted, in the morning of history, the dwellers on the banks of the Ganges and the
Indus."

William Ewart Napier
"Of chess it has been said that life is not long enough for it, but that is the
fault of life, not chess."

"The pawn move is a capital investment. Every one of the forty-eight should, from
the beginning, be spent as if it were one of the forty-eight apprehensive and
responsible dollars between yourself and starvation."

"Some of Marshall's most sparkling moves look at first like typographical errors."

William Goldman
"When he hunted, the Prince was relentless. He neither ate nor slept. It was death
chess, and he was international grandmaster."

William Hartston (GM)
"J'adoube: an expression denoting an unwillingness to move the piece touched."

"Wilhelm Steinitz was the first man to appreciate the inherent logic behind the game
of chess."

William James
"The deepest principle in human nature is the craving to be appreciated."

"…the instinct of workmanship the thrill of vicarious struggle."

William Lombardy (GM)
"All openings are sound below master level."

"I remember when Bobby was 11 or so, he misspelled the word "resign" on
scoresheet. It was as if he never wanted to use the woed."

William Napier
"It is astonishing how much hot water a master can wade into in the first dozen
moves, despite a century of opening study."

"In the laboratory, gambits all test unfavorably; but the old rule wears well, that all
gambits are sound over the board."

"Castle when you will, or if you must, but not when you can."

"Of chess it has been said that life is not long enough for it - but that is the fault
of life, not chess."

Willliam Norwood Potter
"Misfortune is clearly coming up the avenue, but this move saves the unwelcome
visitor from knocking at the door."

"This is throwing the soup overboard altogether, and Black dispatches himself
happily."

"There is a strong taste of Prussic acid about this move."

"And now Hope says she has an appointment elsewhere."

"This game, now an obvious draw, was prolonged for 45 moves. Winawer should
make his pedantic experiments at home and not insist on his opponents taking
part in such uninteresting twaddle."

"The Tournament Opthalmia has evidently set in."

"Just the kind of blunder with which this very wretched specimen of a game
ought to finish."

William Nulf
"When in doubt…offer a draw."

"Chess is what it's all about."

William Pollock
"The King should not be checked to death, or it may escape alive."

"It is no easy matter to reply correctly to Lasker's bad moves."

William Winter
"For in the perfect chess combination, as in a first rate short story, the whole plot
and counter-plot should lead up to a striking finale, the interest not being allayed
until the very last moment."

Wolfgang Unzicker (GM)
"One is permitted to lose to Karpov with Black."

Woody Allen
"…heaven knows, we all make mistakes. That's life -- and chess."

"p.s. I am enclosing a diagram showing exactly how the board now looks, for your
edification in your closing play. As you can see, your King is trapped, unguarded
and alone in the center. Best to you."

Yasser Seirawan (GM)
"Though most people love to look at the games of the great attacking masters,
some of the most successful players in history have been the quiet positional
players. They slowly grind you down by taking away your space, tying up your
pieces, and leaving you with virtually nothing to do!"

"Let the perfectionist play postal."

"Bobby Fischer is the most misunderstood, misquoted celebrity walking the face
of this earth."

"One has to be extraordinarily handsome!" (on what it takes to rise to the top in chess)

"There's a tremendous beauty in chess. The simplest thing is just the love of the
game. You've got to enjoy it."

"A flaccid idea that justifies black's play."

"An opening novelty is to the chess Grandmaster what a slick draw is to the
gunfighter. You gotta have one or you're gonna die!"

"Chess has a great future. It is a marvelous tool of the mind that transfers skills
such as reasoning, planning, strategic thinking, responsibility and discipline to
everyday life."

"Every player has experienced the feeling of elation, that in reaching the time control,
the last move was a mistake. I dare say more mistakes have been made on the last
move of time control than any other."

"With my huge endgame edge, I can generally draw with him." (in praise of Victor
The Terrible' Korchnoi)

"The world championship is a disputed title. You've got a situation like boxing.
Speaking as a member of the chess world, it's extremely undignified."

Yates and Winter
"In the perfect chess combination as in a first-rate short story, the whole plot
and the counter-plot should lead up to a striking finale, the interest not being
allayed until the very last moment."

Yogi Berra
"Chess is 90% mental, and the other half is physical."

"Slump? I ain't in no slump. I just ain't winning."

"If you can't imitate a GM, don't copy him."

"You got to be very careful if you don't know where you're going, because you might
not get there."

"How can you play "chess", and think at the same time?"

"In theory there is no difference between theory and practice. In practice there is."

"If people don't want to "play chess", how are you going to stop them?"

"I don't want to make the wrong mistake"

Yuri Averbakh (GM)
"A combination is a rearrangement of the connection of pieces of both sides, which
forces a coordinated connection of contacts, which is advantageous to one side."

Yuri Balashov (GM)
"Do you realize, Fischer almost never has any bad pieces. He exchanges them,
and the bad pieces remain with his opponents."

Yuri Razuvayev (GM)
"Only a good bishop can be sacrificed, a bad bishop can only be lost."

"Have you ever seen a chess article without a brilliant example of the author's
own play? 'Silly question,' you will say. Quite."

Zoltan Ribli (GM)
"After World War 2, the chess scene was dominated by the Soviet Union, or rather
by the Russians. The only exception, the only person who managed to put an end
to Russian dominance was Fischer, which testifies to his genius."


Part 16: FAMOUS CHESSPLAYERS' OCCUPATION

Alexander = code breaker
Berliner = computer scientist
Bernstein = lawyer
Bird = accountant
Botvinnik = electrical engineer
Burger, Karl = M.D.
Byrne, R. = college instructor
Castaldi = dentist
Commons = real estate
Euwe = math professor
Evans, William = sea captain
Fine = psychoanalyst
Fomranek = math professor
Grob = portrait painter
Gulko = psychologist
Harmonist = ballet dancer
Huebner = papyrologist
Kevitz = pharmicist
Kotov = mechanical engineer
Lasker, Ed = mechanical engineer
Lombardy = priest
Maroczy = math teacher
Mednis = chemical engineer
Morphy = lawyer
Najdorf = insurance salesman
Noa, Josef = judge
Nunn = math professor
Olafsson = lawyer
Pfleger = M.D.
Philidor = musician
Reshevsky = accountant
Rogoff = Federal Reserve Board
Ruy Lopez = priest
Schallopp = stenographer
Soltis = news reporter
Staunton = Shakespeare scholar
Stoltz = car mechanic
Taimanov = concert pianist
Tarrasch = M.D.
Tartakower = lawyer
Troitsky = forester
Yermolinsky = chemist
Znosko-Borovsky = music critic


Part 17: MONICKERS OF FAMOUS CHESSPLAYERS

Adams, Michael = Mickey
Akobian, Varuzhan = Var
Alekhine, Alexander = Ale-and-Wine
Alexander Pichushkin = Crazy Chess Player
Anand Viswanathan = Tiger of Madras;Lightning Kid;Fast Breeder
Areshchenko, Alexander = The Monster
Ashley, Maurice = Mo
Badilles, Glicerio = Chess Lion
Bachmann, Ludwig = Chess Herodotus
Beliavsky, Alexander = Big Al
Benko, Pal = King of Opens
Blackburne, Joseph Henry = Black Death
Botvinnik, Mikhail = The Great Stone Face; The Engineer
Browne, Walter = Mr. 6-time
Burn, Amos = Bulldog; The Highwayman
Byrne, Robert = Rapid Robert
Capablanca, Jose = The Chess Machine
Carlsen, Magnus = The Mozart of Chess
Curdo, John = The Doctor
Doel, Erik van den = The Flying Dutchman
Dokhyan, Yuri = Defcom Man
Dzindzichashvili, Roman = Dzindzy
Evans, Larry D = Larry "the other" Evans
Fedorowicz, John = Fed; Rocky
Fine, Reuben = Kid Gafaehrlich (Kid Dangerous)
Flohr, Salo = King of Draws
Fraenkel, Heinrich = Assiac
Furman, Semyon = The Walking ECO
Gligoric, Svetozar = Gliga
Goletiani, Rusudan = Rusa
Greco, Gioacchino = The Calabrese
Gufeld, Eduard = Goofy
Havasi, Kornel = The White Horse
Helms, Hermann = Dean of American Chess
Ivanchuk, Vassily = Chucky
Jefferson, Thomas = The King Chess Player
Kamsky, Gata = Siberian Tiger
Karpov, Anatoly = Baby Snake
Kashdan, Isaac = The Little Capablanca
Kasparov, Garry = Beast of Baku; Gazza; Garry the Terrible
Keene, Raymond = The Penguin
Keres, Paul = Great Stone Face
Khalifman, Alexander = The Maestro; Sasha
Kholmov, Ratmir = Central Defender
Koltanowski, George = Dean of American Chess
Korchnoi, Victor = Iron Victor; Victor the Terrible
Kramnik, Vladimir = Vlad the Impaler;Volodya;Ovik;The Iceberg
Kritz, Leonid = "Fritz"
Larsen, Bent = The Great Dane
Leonardo, Giovanni = The Boy
Loyd, Sam = The Puzzle King
Matulovic, Milan = J'Adoubovic
Miles, Tony = Beast of Birmingham
Mitkov, Nikolai = The Client
Morozevich, Alexander = The Berserker
Morphy, Paul = The Pride and Sorrow of Chess
Morrison, William = The Terminator
Najdorf, Miguel = El Grande; Don Miguel
Nakamura, Hikaru = Star Wars; Smallville
Naranja, Renato = Nats
Negi, Parimarjan = Batu
Nimzovich, Aron = Crown Prince of Chess
Novikov, Igor = The Grinder
Nunn, John = The Good Doctor
Onischuk, Alexander = The Invincible
Owen, John = Alter
Petroff, Alexander = The Northern Philidor
Petrosian, Tigran = The Iron Tigran; The Python; Iron Logician
Petrosian, Tigran L. = Petrosian The Tal
Pillsburr, Harry = Hero of Hastings
Polgar, Judith = Lassie
Polgar, Susan = Sugar
Portisch, Lajos = D Hungarian Petrosian; D Little Botvinnik
Richter, Kurt = Executioner of Berlin
Rubinstein, Akiba = The Uncrowned King
Sarratt, Jacob = Professor of Chess
Schlechter, Karl = The Drawing Master
Schmaltz, Roland = Hawkeye
Scrivener, Robert = Uncle Bob
Seirawan, Yasser = Yaz
Shabalov, Alexander = Shabba
Sherzer, Alex = The Surgeon
Shirov, Alexei = Giraffe; The Matador
Showalter, Jackson = The Kentucky Lion
Smith, Ken = Top Hat
Spielmann, Rudolf = The Last Knight of the King's Gambit
Steinitz, Wilhelm = The Austrian Morphy
Szen, Joseph = Hungarian Philidor
Tal, Mikhail = The Magician of Riga; Mischa
Tarrasch, Siegbert = Praeceptor Germaniae
Tate, Emory = E.T.
Teichmann, Richard = Richard The Fifth
Tuvshintugs, Batchimeg = Chimi
Unzicker, Wolfgang = World Champion of Amateurs
Velimirovic, Dragoljub = Yugoslavian Tal
Vladimirov, Evgeny = KGB
Wojtkiewicz, Alex = Wojt; Wojo; Sasha
Xie, Xiashun = Centurian Chess King
Yermolinsky = The Yerminator
Yusupov, Mikhail = The Wall
Zaitsev, Igor = Tactical Maniac
Zuckerman, Bernard = The Book; Zuk


Part 18: CHESS HOROSCOPE

ARIES (Mar 21 - Apr 19)
You are the pioneer type and hold most people in contempt. You are quick tempered,
impatient, and scornful of advice. You are not very nice. You play chess with dead
people. People can't wait until you are dead. You like to take back moves and don't
like touch move rules unless it's your opponent who tries to take back a move. You
should sell insurance. Buy WorldCom stock. Avoid passed pawns. (Korchnoi,
Smyslov, Portisch, Kasparov, Najdorf)

TAURUS (Apr 20 - May 20)
You are practical and persistent in your chess games. You show no original thought.
You have a dogged determination and work like hell to win, but you lose a lot of
games. Most people think you are stubborn and bull headed. Sometimes you play
chess with God. You are not very good at the endgame. You get into time pressure
alot. You think astrology is a bunch of Taurus. Move your pawns with caution.
Avoid back rank mate. Let others risk thier own pieces. (Spielmann, Steinitz, Euwe)

GEMINI (May 21 - June 20)
You are a quick and intelligent thinker and like to play speed chess. People say you
are too boring. You are inclined to expect too much for too little. This means you are
cheap. You have this hidden desire to beat up your father for pushing you into chess.
Most of your games are won by swindles. Pick up the pieces from the floor when
you lose and the game is over. Go home and start collecting stamps. (Karpov, Reti,
Short, Kamsky, Petrosian)

CANCER (June 21 - July 22)
You are sympathetic and understanding to your opponents and you give up draws
to easily. Your opponents think you are a sucker. You are always putting things off.
That's why you'll never make anything of yourself. You like to take poisoned pawns.
You think playing 1.f4 is for the birds. You like gambits. You like to be pushed to
the limit. Push back and push your pawns forward. Tune out advice from others;
it will only get you mated sooner. (Bird, Benko, Gelfand, Anderssen)

LEO (July 23 - Aug 22)
Your determination and sense of humor will come to the fore. Your ability to laugh
at your opponents for making bad moves will be a blessing because you've got a
day coming you wouldn't believe. You consider yourself a born leader. Others think
you are pushy. Most Leo people are bullies. You are vain and dislike honest
criticism. Your arrogance is disgusting. Leo people are thieves. You expect people
to throw gold coins at you everytime you win a game. You don't like to analyze
your games with your opponents. Leave the blitz games to others. Laugh, love,
and learn. Let others blow smoke in your face while you turn the other cheek.
Castle long. (Judit Polgar, Marshall, Botvinnik)

VIRGO (Aug 23 - Sept 22)
You are the logical type and hate disorder. This nitpicking is sickening to your friends.
You are always adjusting your pieces. You are cold and unemotional and sometimes
fall asleep while making love. You are good at blindfold chess, but have a poor memory
at everything else. Resentment and jealousy will only turn obligation into torture.
New chess strategies will soon become apparent after you lose all your games.
Take up music and remember, pawns are the soul of chess, but queens are more fun.
(Philidor, Zukertort, Koltanowski)

LIBRA (Sept 23 - Oct 22)
You are the artistic type and have a difficult time with reality. It's hard for you to
accept losses or that you won't make it as a chessplayer. Your desire to play good
chess is overshadowed by your desire to be nasty and a decent meal. Someone is
watching you, so stop staring back at your chess opponents. You suffer from penis
envy. You are obsessed by flies on your head. Trust that your seconds will be there
for you and analyze your position while you are sleeping. Explore your romantic side.
See a shrink. Fianchetto your bishops. (Fine, Rubinstein, Ehlvest)

SCORPIO (Oct 23 - Nov 21)
You are shrewd and cannot be trusted. You will achieve some success at the chess
board. You may develop a drinking problem later in life. You lose games to idiots
because you get too over-confident. You like to accept gambits, but you always lose
being a pawn down. Avoid the endgame. You have many secrets to share with only
a few people. Like being a Nazi. Answer questions with other questions until your
curiosity is satisfied or when you pass out drunk. Remember, a knight on the rim
is dim, but a rook on a7 is heaven. (Alekhine, Nimzovich, Tal, Tchigorin, Capablanca)

SAGITTARIUS (Nov 22 - Dec 21)
You are optimistic and enthusiastic when you play chess. You have a reckless
tendency to rely on luck since you lack talent. People laugh at you a great deal
because you play so poorly. You collect chess books but don't read them. You
prefer comic books, especially from Mexico. You do not know how to win with knight
and bishop vs king endgame, so avoid endgames and sudden death events. You are
a fast player and a fast lover. Get away for the weekend. Go shopping at K-Mart for
Martha Stewart checkered table cloths and play chess during a romantic dinner.
(Reshevsky, Pillsbury, Blackburne, Timman, Anand)

CAPRICORN (Dec 23 - Jan 19)
You are conservative and afraid of taking risks. You hate gambits. You don't do much
of anything and are lazy. This is why you lose games on time. Opponents will win
brilliancy prizes from you. You always end up in 2nd place and never take 1st place.
You are a loner, but seem to like it that way. Some areas of your chess life are better
left unexplained. Like all the games you threw to those Russians. Friends respect
you for saying j'adoube when you adjust your pieces. Indulge yourself. Play in blitz
events. (Keres, Browne, Em Lasker, Teichmann)

AQUARIUS (Jan 20 - Feb 18)
You have an inventive mind and are inclined to play original openings. That's because
you hate to study openings. You lie a great deal. On the other hand, you are inclined
to be careless and impractical, causing you to make the same chess mistakes over
and over again. People think you are stupid. You like to kick people under the table.
You are a poor loser and easily lose your temper. Go write a chess book. Or a hundred
books. No one will read them anyway. Speak up for the timid chessplayer. Say "check"
real loud when you get your opponent in check. Avoid isolated pawns. (Spassky,
Mecking, Reinfeld, Chernev, Loyd, Gligoric, Taimanov)

PISCES (Feb. 19 to Mar. 20)
Look for the good things in life. Carry the American Express card and a weapon.
The chess world is yours today, as nobody else wants it. You have a vivid imagination
and often think you are being followed by the CIA, FBI or State Department. You have
minor influence over your opponents and people resent your flaunting of your chess
games. You lack confidence and you are generally a coward. You hate to lose, so
give up the game and invent another one. Make random chess moves if you can.
Give radio interviews when you can. Help a Jew and remember that moment the next
time you feel lonely and useless (which is a lot lately). Take control and find strength
with the revelation of your skills, talents, and potential. Go on a diet, but don't eat you
chess pieces. You have a tendency of always getting in a bind. Accept all gambits.
(Bronstein, Tartakower, Mieses, Schlechter, Geller, Maroczy, Tarrasch, Fischer)


Part 19: USSR CHESS HISTORY CHAMPIONS

01.) 1920 Moscow Alekhine
02.) 1923 Petrograd Romanovsky
03.) 1924 Moscow Bogoljubow
04.) 1925 Leningrad Bogoljubow
05.) 1927 Moscow Bohatirchuk, Romanovsky
06.) 1929 Odessa Verlinksy
07.) 1931 Moscow Botvinnik
08.) 1933 Leningrad Botvinnik
09.) 1934 Leningrad Levenfish, Rabinovich
10.) 1937 Tbilisi Levenfish
11.) 1939 Leningrad Botvinnik
12.) 1940 Moscow Lilienthal, Bondarevsky
13.) 1944 Moscow Botvinnik
14.) 1945 Moscow Botvinnik
15.) 1947 Leningrad Keres
16.) 1948 Moscow Bronstein, Kotov
17.) 1949 Moscow Bronstein, Smyslov
18.) 1950 Moscow Keres
19.) 1951 Moscow Keres
20.) 1952 Moscow Botvinnik
21.) 1953 Kiev Averbakh
22.) 1955 Moscow Geller
23.) 1956 Leningrad Taimanov
24.) 1957 Moscow Tal
25.) 1958 Riga Tal
26.) 1959 Tbilisi Petrosian
27.) 1960 Leningrad Korchnoi
28.) 1961 Moscow Petrosian
29.) 1961 Baku Spassky
30.) 1962 Yerevan Korchnoi
31.) 1963 Leningrad Stein
32.) 1964 Kiev Korchnoi
33.) 1965 Tallinn Stein
34.) 1966 Tbilisi Stein
35.) 1967 Kharkov Polugaevsky, Tal
36.) 1968 Alma Ata Polugaevsky
37.) 1969 Moscow Petrosian
38.) 1970 Riga Korchnoi
38.) 1971 Leningrad Savon
40.) 1972 Baku Tal
41.) 1973 Moscow Spassky
42.) 1974 Leningrad Beliavsky, Tal
43.) 1975 Yerevan Petrosian
44.) 1976 Moscow Karpov
45.) 1977 Leningrad Leningrad Gulko, Dorfman
46.) 1978 Tbilisi Tal, Czeshkovsky
47.) 1979 Minsk Geller
48.) 1980 Vilnius Psakhis, Beliavsky
49.) 1981 Frunz Kasparov, Psakhis
50.) 1983 Moscow Karpov
51.) 1984 Lvov Sokolov
52.) 1985 Riga Gavrikov, M. Gurevich, Chernin
53.) 1986 Kiev Czeshkovsky
54.) 1987 Minsk Beliavsky
55.) 1988 Moscow Karpov, Kasparov
56.) 1989 Odessa Vaganian
57.) 1990 Leningrad Beliavsky, Yudasen, Bareev, Vyzmanavin
58.) 1991 Moscow Minasian


Part 20: USA CHESS HISTORY CHAMPIONS

1840-1845 Rousseau
1845-1857 Stanley
1857-1871 Morphy
1871-1876 Mackenzie
1876 Mason
1877-1887 Mackenzie
1888 Cincinnati Showalter
1890 St. Louis Showalter
1891 Lexington Lipschutz
1892-1894 Showalter
1894-1895 Hodges
1895-1897 Showalter
1897-1906 Pillsbury
1909-1936 Marshall
01.) 1936 NY Reshevsky
02.) 1938 NY Reshevsky
03.) 1940 NY Reshevsky
04.) 1942 NY Reshevsky
05.) 1944 NY Denker
06.) 1946 NY Reshevsky
07.) 1948 NY Steiner
08.) 1951 NY Evans, Steiner
09.) 1954 NY Bisguier
10.) 1957/58 NY Fischer (at age 14)
11.) 1958/59 NY Fischer
12.) 1959/60 NY Fischer
13.) 1960/61 NY Fischer
14.) 1961/62 NY Evans
15.) 1962/63 NY Fischer
16.) 1963/64 NY Fischer
17.) 1965 NY Fischer
18.) 1966/67 NY Fischer
19.) 1968 NY Evans
20.) 1969 NY Reshevsky
21.) 1972 NY Byrne, Kavalek, Reshevsky
22.) 1973 TX Kavalek, Grefe
23.) 1974 IL Browne
24.) 1975 OH Browne
25.) 1977 OH Browne
26.) 1978 CA Kavalek
27.) 1980 PA Browne, Christiansen, Evans
28.) 1981 IN Browne, Seirawan
29.) 1983 PA Christiansen, Dzindziashvili, Browne
30.) 1984 CA Alburt
31.) 1985 CO Alburt
32.) 1986 CO Seirawan
33.) 1987 CO Benjamin, deFirmian
34.) 1988 PA Michael Wilder
35.) 1989 CA Seirawan, Dzindzihashvili, Rachels
36.) 1990 FL Lev Alburt
37.) 1991 CA Kamsky (at age 17)
38.) 1992 CO Patrick Wolff
38.) 1993 CA Shabalov, Yermolinsky
40.) 1994 FL Gulko
41.) 1995 CA Patrick Wolff, De Firmian, A. Ivanov
42.) 1996 NJ Yermolinsky
43.) 1997 CO Benjamin, Chandler
44.) 1998 CO De Firmian
45.) 1999 WA Gulko
46.) 2000 WA Benjamin, Shabalov, Seirawan
47.) 2002 WA Christiansen
48.) 2003 WA Shabalov
49.) 2005 CA Nakamura (at age 16)
50.) 2006 CA Onischuk


Part 21: 10 GAMES INVOLVING QUEEN SACRIFICES

01.) Nunn - Portisch, Reykjavik 1988
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 d6 5.Bxc6+ bxc6 6.d4 exd4 7.Qxd4 Nf6 8.O-O Be7
9.Nc3 O-O 10.Re1 Bg4 11.Qd3 Bxf3 12.Qxf3 Nd7 13.b3 Bf6 14.Bb2 Re8 15.Rad1 Re6
16.Qh3 Qe8 17.f4 Rd8 18.Qe3 Nb6 19.e5 dxe5 20.f5 Rxd1 21.Rxd1 Re7 22.Ne4 Rd7
23.Nxf6+ gxf6 24.Re1 Qd8 25.Qe4 Nd5 26.Qg4+ Kh8 27.Bc1 Qf8 28.c4 Nb4 29.Qh4
Qd6 30.Qh6 Rd8 31.h3 c5 32.Re4 Rg8 33.Qxh7+ 1-0

02.) Paulsen - Morphy, New York 1857
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Bc5 5. O-O O-O 6. Nxe5 Re8 7. Nxc6
dxc6 8. Bc4 b5 9. Be2 Nxe4 10. Nxe4 Rxe4 11. Bf3 Re6 12. c3 Qd3 13. b4
Bb6 14. a4 bxa4 15. Qxa4 Bd7 16. Ra2 Rae8 17. Qa6 {Morphy took twelve
minutes over [his next] move, probably to assure himself that the combination
was sound and that he had a forced win in every variation. -- Chernev}
Qxf3! 18. gxf3 Rg6+ 19. Kh1 Bh3 20. Rd1 {Not 20 Rg1 Rxg1+ 21 Kxg1 Re1+}
Bg2+ 21. Kg1 Bxf3+ 22. Kf1 Bg2+ {The "quiet" 22...Rg2! would have won
more quickly: 23.Qd3 Rxf2+ 24.Kg1 Rg2+ 25.Kh1 Rg1 -- Zukertort} 23.Kg1 Bh3+
24. Kh1 Bxf2 25. Qf1 {Absolutely forced.} Bxf1 26. Rxf1 Re2 27.Ra1 Rh6 28.d4
Be3 0-1

03.) Fischer - Miagmasuren, Sousse 1967
1. e4 e6 2. d3 d5 3. Nd2 Nf6 4. g3 c5 5. Bg2 Nc6 6. Ngf3 Be7 7. O-O O-O
8. e5 Nd7 9. Re1 b5 10. Nf1 b4 11. h4 a5 12. Bf4 a4 13. a3 bxa3 14. bxa3
Na5 15. Ne3 Ba6 16. Bh3 d4 17. Nf1 Nb6 18. Ng5 Nd5 19. Bd2 Bxg5 20. Bxg5
Qd7 21. Qh5 Rfc8 22. Nd2 Nc3 23. Bf6 Qe8 24. Ne4 g6 25. Qg5 Nxe4
26. Rxe4 c4 27. h5 cxd3 28. Rh4 Ra7 29. Bg2 dxc2 30. Qh6 Qf8 31. Qxh7+ 1-0

04.) Bird - Pinkerley, London 1850
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.O-O Nf6 5.c3 O-O 6.d4 exd4 7.cxd4 Bb6 8.e5 d5
9.exf6 dxc4 10.Bg5 g6 11.d5 Nb8 12.b3 cxb3 13.Qxb3 Bg4 14.Nbd2 Bxf3 15.Nxf3
Qd7 16.Bc1 c6 17.Ne5 Qc7 18.Bb2 Nd7 19.Ng4 Nc5 20.Qe3 Ne6 21.Qh6 cxd5
22.Qg7+ Nxg7 23.Nh6+ Kh8 24.fxg7# 1-0

05.) Kasparov - Karpov, Moscow 1985
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Nf3 O-O 5.Bg5 c5 6.e3 cxd4 7.exd4 h6 8.Bh4 d5
9.Rc1 dxc4 10.Bxc4 Nc6 11.O-O Be7 12.Re1 b6 13.a3 Bb7 14.Bg3 Rc8 15.Ba2 Bd6
16.d5 Nxd5 17.Nxd5 Bxg3 18.hxg3 exd5 19.Bxd5 Qf6 20.Qa4 Rfd8 21.Rcd1 Rd7
22.Qg4 Rcd8 23.Qxd7 Rxd7 24.Re8+ Kh7 25.Be4+
{...g6 26.Rxd7 Ba6 27.Bxc6 Qxc6 28.Rxf7#} 1-0

06.) Euwe - Filep, Amsterdam 1921
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. h4 Nc6 7. Be3 f6
8. Bd3 fxe5 9. Qh5+ Kf8 10. dxe5 Ndxe5 11. O-O-O Bd7 12. Nh3 Be8 13.
Qe2 Bf7 14. Ng5 h6 15. Nxf7 Nxf7 16. Bg6 Nce5 17. h5 Bf6 18. Bc5+ Be7
19. Bd4 Bd6 20. Bxf7 Nxf7 21. Qxe6 c6 22. Rh3 Qg5+ 23. Kb1 Qxg2 24. Re1
a6 25. f4 Qd2 26. Rhe3 Kg8 27. Rd1 Qh2 28. Qg6 Rh7 29. Rg1 Bxf4 30. Re7
Rf8 31. Qxh7+ 1-0

07.) Hoffman - Petrov, Warsaw 1844
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d4 exd4 6.e5 Ne4 7.Bd5 Nxf2 8.Kxf2 dxc3+
9.Kg3 cxb2 10.Bxb2 Ne7 11.Ng5 Nxd5 12.Nxf7 O-O 13.Nxd8 Bf2+ 14.Kh3 d6+
15.e6 Nf4+ 16.Kg4 Nxe6 17.Nxe6 Bxe6+ 18.Kg5 Rf5+ 19.Kg4 h5+ 20.Kh3
Rf3# 0-1

08.) Fox - Bauer, Antwerp 1901
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6 4. O-O Nxe4 5. Re1 Nd6 6. Nxe5 Be7 7. Bf1
O-O 8. d4 Nf5 9. c3 d5 10. Qd3 Re8 11. f4 Nd6 12. Re3 Na5 13. Nd2 Nf5
14. Rh3 Nh4 15. g4 Ng6 16. Rh5 Nc6 17. Ndc4 dxc4 18. Qxg6 hxg6 19. Nxg6
fxg6 20. Bxc4+ Kf8 21. Rh8# 1-0

09.) Tal - Koblents, 1965
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 d6 6.Be3 Nc6 7.f4 Be7 8.Qf3 O-O
9.Be2 Bd7 10.O-O-O Nxd4 11.Bxd4 Bc6 12.g4 Qa5 13.g5 Nd7 14.Rhg1 b5
15.Qh5 b4 16.Rd3 bxc3 17.Bxc3 Qxa2 18.Rh3 Bxe4 19.g6 Bxg6 20.Qxh7+ Bxh7
21.Rxg7+ Kh8 22.Rhxh7# 1-0

10.) Anderssen - Kieseritzky, Immortal Game 1851
1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Bc4 Qh4+ 4.Kf1 b5 5.Bxb5 Nf6 6.Nf3 Qh6 7.d3 Nh5
8.Nh4 Qg5 9.Nf5 c6 10.g4 Nf6 11.Rg1 cxb5 12.h4 Qg6 13.h5 Qg5 14.Qf3 Ng8
15.Bxf4 Qf6 16.Nc3 Bc5 17.Nd5 Qxb2 18.Bd6 Bxg1 19. e5 Qxa1+ 20. Ke2 Na6
21.Nxg7+ Kd8 22.Qf6+ Nxf6 23.Be7# 1-0


Part 22: BILL WALL'S BEST 100 CHESS PLAYERS OF ALL TIMES

No. Player Peak Year Age
1 Fischer 1972 29
2 Kasparov 1999 36
3 Kramnik 2001 26
4 Anand 1998 28
5 Topalov 2005 30
6 Karpov 1994 43
7 Leko 2005 25
8 Ivanchuk 2005 36
9 Svidler 2004 27
10 Capablanca 1927 39
11 Botvinnik 1948 37
12 Lasker 1909 41
13 Alekhine 1931 39
14 Tal 1979 43
15 Spassky 1971 33
16 Smyslov 1957 36
17 Morphy 1858 21
18 Petrosian 1963 34
19 Adams 2000 28
20 Morozevich 1991 21
21 Shirov 2000 27
22 Kamsky 1996 22
23 Ponomariov 2002 18
24 Euwe 1935 34
25 Steinitz 1886 50
26 Bareev 2003 36
27 Polgar, Judit 2005 28
28 Bacrot 2005 22
29 Gelfand 2005 37
30 Korchnoi 1979 47
31 Timman 1990 48
32 Short 2004 38
33 Reshevsky 1953 42
34 Kasimdzhanov 2001 21
35 Bronstein 1951 27
36 Keres 1948 32
37 Lautier 2002 28
38 Yusupov 1995 35
39 Fine 1938 24
40 Beliavsky 1997 43
41 Portisch 1980 42
42 Geller 1962 37
43 Khalifman 2001 35
44 Ehlvest 1996 33
45 Boleslavsky 1950 31
46 Sokolov 2004 35
47 Vaganian 2005 36
48 Andersson 1997 45
49 Huebner 1981 33
50 Larsen 1968 33
51 Rubinstein 1912 30
52 Polugaevsky 1979 45
53 Mecking 1976 24
54 Ribli 1988 37
55 Pillsbury 1900 28
56 Nunn 1988 33
57 Kavalek 1974 31
58 Hort 1977 33
59 Taimanov 1970 44
60 Stein 1970 36
61 Maroczy 1906 36
62 Gelfand 2005 37
63 Nimzovich 1926 40
64 Seirawan 1988 28
65 Gulko 1988 41
66 Miles 1984 29
67 Bogoljubow 1928 39
68 Tarrasch 1908 46
69 Gligoric 1970 47
70 Najdorf 1947 37
71 Flohr 1937 29
72 Schlechter 1910 36
73 Salov 1995 30
74 Dreev 2003 34
75 Duras 1908 26
76 Krasenkow 2000 36
77 Bernstein 1907 25
78 Chigorin 1889 39
79 Zukertort 1886 44
80 Grischuk 2003 19
81 Akopian 2005 33
82 Smirin 2001 33
83 Azmaiparashvili 2003 43
84 Onischuk 2001 25
85 Kaidanov 2002 42
86 Yermolinksy 1998 39
87 Van Wely 2001 28
88 Piket 1995 25
89 Tiviakov 2005 32
90 Glek 1996 34
91 Gheorghiu 1980 36
92 Byrne, R. 1973 45
93 Balashov 1980 31
94 Kholmov 1963 38
95 Szabo 1956 39
96 Averbakh 1954 32
97 Kotov 1952 39
98 Furman 1947 27
99 Vidmar 1926 41
100 Nakamura 2005 17


Part 23: JEFF SONA'S BEST 100 CHESS PLAYERS OF ALL TIMES

Between 1840 to 2005
No. Most Dominant Player (Yrs.) Highest Rated Player (ELO)
1 Emanuel Lasker 24.3 Bobby Fischer 2895
2 Garry Kasparov 21.9 Garry Kasparov 2886
3 Wilhelm Steinitz 14.4 Mikhail Botvinnik 2885
4 Mikhail Botvinnik 10.9 Emanuel Lasker 2878
5 Alexander Alekhine 10.2 Jose Capablanca 2877
6 Bobby Fischer 9.1 Alexander Alekhine 2860
7 Anatoly Karpov 8.3 Anatoly Karpov 2848
8 Jose Capablanca 7.1 Viswanathan Anand 2833
9 Howard Staunton 6.3 Vladimir Kramnik 2826
10 Vassily Smyslov 4.9 Wilhelm Steinitz 2826
11 Johannes Zukertort 4.7 Siegbert Tarrasch 2824
12 Louis Paulsen 3.3 Geza Maroczy 2820
13 Paul Morphy 3.3 Harry Pillsbury 2816
14 Mikhail Tal 3.2 Viktor Korchnoi 2814
15 Daniel Harrwitz 3.2 Vassily Ivanchuk 2804
16 Tigran Petrosian 2.8 Vassily Smyslov 2800
17 Geza Maroczy 2.5 Mikhail Tal 2799
18 Serafino Dubois 2.5 Johannes Zukertort 2798
19 Akiba Rubinstein 2.1 Miguel Najdorf 2797
20 Lionel Kieseritzky 1.9 Mikhail Chigorin 2797
21 Berthold Suhle 1.7 Tigran Petrosian 2796
22 David Bronstein 1.6 David Bronstein 2792
23 Gustav Neumann 1.5 Akiba Rubinstein 2789
24 Ignatz Kolisch 1.4 Paul Keres 2786
25 Harry Pillsbury 1.3 Samuel Reshevsky 2785
26 Tassilo von der Lasa 1.3 Aron Nimzowitsch 2780
27 Samuel Reshevsky 1.2 Gata Kamsky 2779
28 Max Euwe 1.2 Valery Salov 2776
29 James Mason 0.9 Dawid Janowsky 2776
30 Adolf Anderssen 0.6 Veselin Topalov 2773
31 Reuben Fine 0.5 Boris Spassky 2773
32 Boris Spassky 0.5 Max Euwe 2769
33 Dawid Janowsky 0.4 Jan Timman 2768
34 Viktor Korchnoi 0.3 Alexander Morozevich 2768
35 John Cochrane 0.3 Efim Bogoljubow 2768
36 Viswanathan Anand 0.2 Peter Leko 2768
37 Efim Bogoljubow 0.2 Alexei Shirov 2768
38 Henry Buckle 0.2 Efim Geller 2765
39 Isidor Gunsberg 0.1 Carl Schlechter 2764
40 Siegbert Tarrasch 0 Boris Gelfand 2763
41 Joseph Blackburne 0 Gideon Stahlberg 2762
42 Paul Keres 0 Frank Marshall 2762
43 Pierre Saint-Amant 0 Reuben Fine 2762
44 Miguel Najdorf 0 Lev Polugaevsky 2761
45 Vladimir Kramnik 0 Rafael Vaganian 2761
46 Isaac Kashdan 0 Isaak Boleslavsky 2760
47 Mikhail Chigorin 0 Leonid Stein 2759
48 Jules de Riviere 0 Michael Adams 2757
49 Szymon Winawer 0 Artur Jussupow 2757
50 Salo Flohr 0 Lajos Portisch 2757
51 Johann Lowenthal 0 Alexander Beliavsky 2756
52 Aron Nimzowitsch 0 Bent Larsen 2755
53 Vassily Ivanchuk 0 Evgeny Bareev 2755
54 Lev Polugaevsky 0 Ignatz Kolisch 2755
55 Carl Schlechter 0 Salo Flohr 2754
56 Efim Geller 0 Peter Svidler 2754
57 Henry Bird 0 Ruslan Ponomariov 2753
58 Cecil de Vere 0 Alexander Kotov 2753
59 Berthold Englisch 0 Alexander Grischuk 2750
60 Frank Marshall 0 Nigel Short 2750
61 Amos Burn 0 Joseph Blackburne 2748
62 John Schulten 0 Judith Polgar 2746
63 Elijah Williams 0 Alexander Graf 2745
64 Alexander Beliavsky 0 Adolf Anderssen 2744
65 Bernhard Horwitz 0 Richard Teichmann 2744
66 Rafael Vaganian 0 Isidor Gunsberg 2744
67 Jan Timman 0 Ulf Andersson 2743
68 J. Budzinsky 0 Paul Morphy 2743
69 Artur Jussupow 0 Andrey Sokolov 2743
70 Boncourt 0 Oldrich Duras 2743
71 George Mackenzie 0 Svetozar Gligoric 2743
72 Lajos Portisch 0 Isaac Kashdan 2742
73 Miksa Weiss 0 Samuel Lipschutz 2742
74 Bent Larsen 0 Gustav Neumann 2742
75 Ulf Andersson 0 Mark Taimanov 2742
76 Gideon Stahlberg 0 Leonid Yudasin 2741
77 Leonid Stein 0 Henrique Mecking 2740
78 Isaak Boleslavsky 0 Jonathan Speelman 2737
79 Adolf Schwarz 0 Ratmir Kholmov 2736
80 John Wisker 0 Vladimir Makogonov 2735
81 Valery Salov 0 Oleg Romanishin 2735
82 Alexander Kotov 0 Predrag Nikolic 2735
83 Saviely Tartakower 0 Ljubomir Ljubojevic 2735
84 Hans von Minckwitz 0 Rezso Charousek 2734
85 Boris Gelfand 0 Lionel Kieseritzky 2734
86 Milan Vidmar Sr. 0 Erich Eliskases 2733
87 Peter Leko 0 Mikhail Gurevich 2732
88 Alexander Morozevich 0 Robert Hubner 2732
89 Samuel Rosenthal 0 Vladimir Savon 2732
90 Alexie Shirov 0 Berthold Suhle 2731
91 Veselin Topalov 0 Jaan Ehlvest 2731
92 George Walker 0 Milan Vidmar Sr. 2731
93 Philipp Hirschfeld 0 Evgeny Vladimirov 2730
94 Ernst Grunfeld 0 Zoltan Ribli 2730
95 Franciscus Janssens 0 Sergei Rublevsky 2729
96 Ruslan Ponomariov 0 Georgy Agzamov 2728
97 Peter Svidler 0 Amos Burn 2728
98 Osef Szen 0 Miksa Weiss 2727
99 Robert Brien 0 Laszlo Szabo 2726
100 Joseph Campbell 0 Vlastimil Hort 2725


Part 24: CHESS OLYMPIAD WINNERS

No. Year Place Teams Winners (Gold, Silver, Bronze)
1924 Paris 18 Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Switzerland
1926 Budapest 4 Hungary, Yugoslavia, Romania
01 1927 London 16 Hungary, Denmark, England
02 1928 The Hague 17 Hungary, United States, Poland
03 1930 Hamburg 18 Poland, Hungary, Germany
04 1931 Prague 19 USA, Poland, Czechoslovakia
05 1933 Folkestone 15 USA, Czechoslovakia, Sweden
06 1935 Warsaw 20 USA, Sweden, Poland
1936 Munich 21 Hungary, Poland, Germany
07 1937 Stockholm 19 US, Hungary, Poland
08 1939 Buenos Aires 26 Czechoslovakia, Poland, England
09 1950 Dubrovnik 16 Yugoslavia, Argentina, West Germany
10 1952 Helsinki 25 USSR, Argentina, Yugoslavia
11 1954 Amsterdam 26 USSR, Argentina, Yugoslavia
12 1956 Moscow 34 USSR, Yugoslavia, Hungary
13 1958 Munich 36 USSR, Yugoslavia, Argentina
14 1960 Leipzig 40 USSR, USA, Yugoslavia
15 1962 Varna 37 USSR, Yugoslavia, Argentina
16 1964 Tel Aviv 50 USSR, Yugoslavia, West Germany
17 1966 Havana 52 USSR, USA, Hungary
18 1968 Lugano 53 USSR, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria
19 1970 Siegen 60 USSR, Hungary, Yugoslavia
20 1972 Skopje 62 USSR, Hungary, Yugoslavia
21 1974 Nice 73 USSR, Yugoslavia, USA
22 1976 Haifa 48 USA, Netherlands, England
1976 Tripoli 37 El Salvador
23 1978 Buenos Aires 66 Hungary, USSR, USA
24 1980 Malta 82 USSR, Hungary, Yugoslavia
25 1982 Lucerne 91 USSR, Czechoslovakia, USA
26 1984 Thessaloniki 88 USSR, England, USA
27 1986 Dubai 108 USSR, England, USA
28 1988 Thessaloniki 107 USSR, England, Netherlands
29 1990 Novi Sad 108 USSR, USA, England
30 1992 Manila 102 Russia, Uzbekistan, Armenia
31 1994 Moscow 124 Russia I, Bosnia, Russia II
32 1996 Yerevan 114 Russia, Ukraine, USA
33 1998 Elista 110 Russia, USA, Ukraine
34 2000 Istanbul 136 Russia, Germany, Ukraine
35 2002 Bled 135 Russia, Hungary, Armenia
36 2004 Calvia 129 Ukraine, Russia, Armenia
37 2006 Turin 148 Armenia, China, USA
38 2008 Dresden
39 2010 Khanti Mansiysk




Part 25: YOUNGEST GRANDMASTERS


Years Months Days Year
Sergey Karjakin = 12 7 0 2002
Parimarjan Negi = 13 3 22 2006
Magnus Carlsen = 13 3 27 2004
Bu Xiangzhi = 13 10 13 1999
Teimour Radjabov = 14 0 14 2001
Ruslan Ponomariov = 14 0 17 1997
Etienne Bacrot = 14 2 0 1997
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave = 14 4 0 2005
Peter Leko = 14 4 22 1994
Yuri Kuzubov = 14 7 12 2004
Nguyen Ngoc Truong Son = 14 10 0 2004
Hikaru Nakamura = 15 2 19 2003
Pentala Harikrishna = 15 3 5 2001
Koneru Humpy = 15 4 28 2002
Judit Polgar = 15 4 28 1991
Alejandro Ramirez = 15 5 14 2003
Bobby Fischer = 15 6 1 1958


Part 26: FIDE CATEGORY TOURNAMENTS

Cat 01 2250-2275
Cat 02 2275-2300
Cat 03 2300-2325
Cat 04 2325-2350
Cat 05 2350-2375
Cat 06 2375-2400
Cat 07 2400-2425
Cat 08 2425-2450
Cat 09 2450-2475
Cat 10 2475-2500
Cat 11 2500-2525
Cat 12 2525-2550
Cat 13 2550-2575 – Wijk aan Zee 1988
Cat 14 2575-2600 – Bugojno 1978
Cat 15 2600-2625 – Belgrade 1989
Cat 16 2625-2650 – Johannesburg 1981
Cat 17 2650-2675 – Linares 1991
Cat 18 2675-2700 – Reggio Emilia 1991-2;2004 Russian Ch;Dortmund 2003;Corus 2003
Cat 19 2700-2725 – Dos Hermanes 1997; Corus 2004 and 2005
Cat 20 2725-2750 – Linares 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005; Mtel Masters 2005; Sofia 2005
Cat 21 2750-2775 – Las Palmas 1996; Dortmund 2001


Part 27: PRONUNCIATION OF CHESS PLAYERS AND TERMS

Adorjan (A-door-yan), Andras - Hungarian Grandmaster
Alekhine (Al-YECK-in), Alexander - former world champion
Barcza (BAR-tza), Gedeon - Hungarian Grandmaster
Bernstein (BERN-shtyne), Ossip - Russian Grandmaster
Bisguier (BIS-gire), Arthur - American Grandmaster
Bogojubow (Bo-go-LYU-bov), Efim - German Grandmaster
Book (Bek), Eero - Finnish Grandmaster
Botvinnik (bot-VIN-ik), Mikhail - former world champion
Caissa (Ki-E-sa) – goddess of chess
Caro Kann (KAH-ro KAHN) - opening named after Horatio Caro and Marcus Kann
Chajes (KHAH-yes) – strong master
Charousek (Kha-ROO-sek), Rudolf - Hungarian master
Chiburdanidze (Tchee-boor-dah-NID-zay), Maya - former women's world champion
Colle (KAW-lee), Edgard - Belgium champion
Csom (Chom), Istvan - Hungarian Grandmaster
En passant (ahn pah-SAHNT) - special method of capturing
En prise (ahn preez) - piece hanging
Euwe (UHR-vuh), Max - former world champion
Fedorowicz (Fe-do-RO-vich), John - American Grandmaster
Fianchetto (fee-an-KET-toe) - development of the bishop on b2, g2, b7, or g7
Gligoric (Glee-GO-rich), Svetozar - Yugoslav Grandmaster
Grunfeld (GREWN-feld), Ernst - Austrian Grandmaster
Giuoco Piano (JOKE-o Pee-AH-no) - Italian Opening
Ivanchuk, (Ee-VAHN-chook) Vassily (vass-silly) - Russian Grandmaster
J'adoube (Zha-DOOB) - I adjust
Jaenisch (YAY-nish), Carl - Russian player and author
Janowsky (Yan-OF-sky), Dawid - Polish master
Kasparov (Kahs-SPAHR-off), Garry - PCA world champion
Kavalek (kuh-VAHL-ek), Lubomir - American grandmaster
Keres (KEHR-uhs), Paul - Soviet Grandmaster
Kmoch (k-MOTCH), Hans – chess master and writer
Korchnoi (KORCH-noy), Viktor - Swiss Grandmaster
Labourdonnais (lah-boor-do-NAY), Louis - 19th century player
Lange (LAHN-guh), Max - German player and author
Lein (Lane), Anatoly - American Grandmaster
Ljubojevic (Luh-BOY-yuh-vitch), Ljubomir - Yugoslav Grandmaster
Lucena (Lou-CHAYN-uh), Luis - 15th century chess author
Maroczy (muh-ROT-see), Geza - Hungarian Grandmaster
Najdorf (NIGH-dorf), Miguel - Argentine Grandmaster
Petroff (PEHT-roff), Alexander - Russian master
Pirc (Peerts), Vasja - Yugoslav Grandmaster
Planinc (PLAN-ints), Albin - Yugoslav Grandmaster
Ponomariov (Ponn-no-MAH-rre-ov), Ruslan (Roos-lanh) - Russian Grandmaster
Przepiorka (Pshe-purer-ka), David – Polish master
Reti (RAY-tee), Richard - Hungarian master
Robatsch (RO-bahtsch), Karl - Austrian Grandmaster
Ruy Lopez (Rue-y Lopeth) - 16th century Spanish priest and player
Saemisch (SAME-ish), Friedrich - German Grandmaster
Schevenigen (sheh-VEN-i-gen) - pairing system and Sicilian Defense variation
Schliemann (SHLEE-mon), Adolf - German player and opening analyst
Spassky (SPAHS-kee), Boris - former world chess champion
Stean (Steen), Michael - British Grandmaster
Stein (Shtayne), Leonid - Soviet Grandmaster
Steinitz (Styne-itz), William - former world champion
Tal (Tahl), Mikhail - former world champion
Tarrasch (tuh-ROSH), Siegbert - German master
Timman (TEE-mahn), Jan - Dutch Grandmaster
Winawer (WIN-ah-wer), Szymon - Polish master
Xie Jun (She-a June) - former world women’s champion
Zugzwang (TSOOKS-vahng), position in which the move makes a worse result
Zukertort (SOOK-er-tort), Johann - German master
Zvjiginsev (Zvya-GIN-tsev), Vdim – Russian grandmaster
Zwischenzug (TSVEYE-shun-tsook) - in-between move


Part 28: ALL ABOUT ELO RATINGS



The Elo rating is a relative measure of a player's skill. What does Elo stand for?

"I'm 1875. What's your rating?" is a typical greeting from one chessplayer meeting
another for the first time. The other player, rated 1750, knows immediately that a game
between them will be a tough battle. A draw will be a satisfactory result and a win will
be a small upset.

What is a rating and how is it calculated? Perhaps most importantly, a rating is only
meaningful relative to other ratings. In July 1989, when Garry Kasparov became the
first player to break the 2800 barrier, his accomplishment was by comparison with all
other ratings, current and historical.

The rating system may seem mysterious, but it is grounded in statistical theory.
Obviously, two players with the same rating should have an equal chance of winning
against each other. Less obviously, the same rating difference implies the same chance
of winning. A player rated 2400 playing against a player rated 2200 has the same
chance of winning as a 1400 against a 1200. The rating difference is 200 points in
both cases.

The most widely used rating system is known as the Elo system. Arpad E. Elo,
born 1903 in Hungary, emigrated to the United States at age 10. From 1935 to 1965,
he was professor of physics and astronomy at Marquette University.

From 1935 to 1937, Elo was administrator of the American Chess Federation which
merged in 1939 with the National Chess Federation to become the USCF. He was
nine times champion or co-champion of Wisconsin.

In the preface to his book The Rating of Chessplayers, Past and Present (Batsford
1978), Elo wrote:
In 1959 the late Jerry Spann, then president of the United States Chess Federation
(USCF) named a committee to review the federation's rating system and to revise
and improve its technical and administrative features. It fell upon the writer, as
chairman, to examine the basic theory and rationale of the rating systems of the
chess world and the sports world in general.

The Elo system was adopted by the USCF in 1960, and by FIDE in 1970. Elo served
as Chairman of the USCF Rating Committee from 1959 to 1976. He was inducted into
U.S. Chess Hall of fame in 1988 and died in 1992.

From The Rating of Chessplayers:

Few chessplayers are totally objective about their positions on the board, and even
fewer can be objective about their personal capacities and ratings. Most of them
believe they are playing "in form" only when far above normal form, and they tend
to forget that an outstanding tournament success is just as likely the result of off
form performances by opponents as superior play by themselves. There is truth in
the paradox that "every chessplayer believes himself better than his equal".

How are ratings calculated? Already in 1959, the USCF rating system arbitrarily
used 2000 as the upper level for strong club players and 200 point divisions to assign
players to classes. Elo kept these measures because they were 'steeped in tradition'.

The table at the bottom of this page relates expected game results to rating differences.
The P column is the expected Percentage for the result of a single game. The D column
is the rating Difference corresponding to that expected result.

For example, two players with the same rating (D=0) each have a 50% (P=.50) chance
of winning a game. Similarly, a player with a rating 100 points greater than an opponent
(D=102 is the closest value in the table) has a 64% (P=.64) chance of winning a game.

Let's say you score +3-2=1 (three wins, two losses and a draw) against opposition
with an average rating of 1500. Your score is 3.5-2.5, for a percentage of 58% (P=0.58).
The value for P=0.58 in the table corresponds to D=57. Your performance is calculated
as 1500 + 57 = 1557. If you had achieved the same score against opponents with an
average rating of 2000, your performance would be 2057.

This method is used to calculate an initial rating for a previously unrated player. The
more games used in the calculation, the more accurate the initial rating will be.
Established players are rated using the following formula.

Rn = Ro + K (W - We)

Rn = new rating
Ro = old rating
K = value of a single game
W = score; 1.0 for a win, 0.5 for a draw
We = expected score based on Ro

The formula says that after an event has finished, a player's new rating is calculated
from the old rating adjusted by the result of the event. The adjustment is the difference
between the player's actual result and the expected result, which is based on the
old rating.

The difference is multiplied by a coefficient ('K'), which is a number between 10 and 40.
A lower coefficient gives more weight to previous events and changes the rating at a
slower rate. A higher coefficient gives more weight to the most recent events and
changes the rating faster.

Ratings allow for more competitive subdivisions of players. For example, the USCF
class system is structured as follows.

Range Class

2400 = Senior Master
2200 - 2399 = Master
2000 - 2199 = Expert
1800 - 1999 = Class A
1600 - 1799 = Class B
1400 - 1599 = Class C
1200 - 1399 = Class D
1000 - 1199 = Class E

This class system permits tournaments and prizes restricted to players of similar ability.
A Class E player, competing in a Class E event, has just as much chance of winning
the event as the world's best players have of winning Linares.

No system is perfect, and that there are some problems with the rating system. Rating
deflation is a natural phenomenon caused by young improving players entering the
rating pool and old stable players leaving the pool. Rating manipulation happens when
unscrupulous organizers submit fraudulent reports to a rating agency.

These problems are a small price to pay for the great benefits that Elo's rating system
has provided to the chess world. His induction into the Chess Hall of Fame was an
appropriate expression of his great contribution to chess.

Rating expectancies vs. differences
P D P D P D
.99 677 .66 117 .33 -125
.98 589 .65 110 .32 -133
.97 538 .64 102 .31 -141
.96 501 .63 95 .30 -149
.95 470 .62 87 .29 -158
.94 444 .61 80 .28 -166
.93 422 .60 72 .27 -175
.92 401 .59 65 .26 -184
.91 383 .58 57 .25 -193
.90 366 .57 50 .24 -202
.89 351 .56 43 .23 -211
.88 335 .55 36 .22 -220
.87 322 .54 29 .21 -230
.86 309 .53 21 .20 -240
.85 296 .52 14 .19 -251
.84 284 .51 7 .18 -262
.83 273 .50 0 .17 -273
.82 262 .49 -7 .16 -284
.81 251 .48 -14 .15 -296
.80 240 .47 -21 .14 -309
.79 230 .46 -29 .13 -322
.78 220 .45 -36 .12 -335
.77 211 .44 -43 .11 -351
.76 202 .43 -50 .10 -366
.75 193 .42 -57 .09 -383
.74 184 .41 -65 .08 -401
.73 175 .40 -72 .07 -422
.72 166 .39 -80 .06 -444
.71 158 .38 -87 .05 -470
.70 149 .37 -95 .04 -501
.69 141 .36 -102 .03 -538
.68 133 .35 -110 .02 -589
.67 125 .34 -117 .01 -677


Part 29: INTERNET CHESS CLUB (ICC) HANDLES OF GRANDMASTERS

Adams, Michael = Adams
Akopian, Vladimir = Vagr
Aronian, Levon = L-Aronian; Wunjin
Bareev, Evgeny = E-Bareev
Carlsen, Magnus = Magnus
Dreev, Alexey = Dreev
Grischuk, Alexander = depressnyak
Guseinov, Gadir = GGuseinov
Harikrisna, Pentala = TomCruise
Ivanchuk, Vassily = mlynky
Izoria, Zviad = Pikaso
Kamsky, Gata = Talion
Karjakin, Sergey = Tavria; SKBluming
Kasparov, Garry = Dahlia, Yotam; Vadik
Kosteniuk, Alexandra = Kosteniuk
Malakhov, Vladimir = Akademik
Mamedov, Rauf = Generalisi; manchester; muisback;
Mamedyarov, Shakhriyaz = azerichess
McShane, Luke = McShane
Mecking, Henrique = lorenzo
Morozevich, Alexander = A-Morozevich; Daos; Benefactor
Movsesian, Sergei = chaozz
Nakamura, Hikaru = SmallVille
Nielsen, Peter Heine = Heine
Nyback, Tomi = FrozenShade
Ponomariov, Ruslan = R-Ponomariov
Radjabov, Teimour = velimirovich; Ubiyca
Rustemov, Alexander = Goldmund
Sasikiran, Krishnan = babloo
Schmaltz, Roland = Hawkeye
Shirov, Alexei = Leon
Short, Nigel = NDShort
Sutovsky, Emil = GMAlex
Svidler, Peter = Tendulkar; P-Svidler
Topalov, Veselin = Irina
Van Wely, Loek = KingLoek
Zhang, Zhong = zhong


Part 30: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHESS OPENINGS (INCOMPLETE))

A00 Anderssen's Opening 1.a3
A00 Polish Gambit, Anderssen's Opening 1.a3 a5 2.b4
A00 Creepy Crawly Formation 1.a3 e5 2.h3 d5
A00 Andersspike 1.a3 g6 2.g4
A00 Ware; Meadow Hay; Crab 1.a4
A00 Wing Gambit, Ware Opening 1.a4 b5
A00 Cologne Gambit, Ware Opening 1.a4 b6 2.d4 d5 2.Nc3 Nd7
A00 Ware Gambit 1.a4 e5 2.a5 d5 3.e3 f5 4.a6
A00 Polish; Orangutan; Sokolsky; Hunt 1.b4
A00 Birmingham Gambit, Polish 1.b4 c5
A00 Outflank Variation, Polish 1.b4 c6
A00 Schuhler Gambit, Polish 1.b4 c6 2.Bb2 a5 3.b5 cxb5 4.e4
A00 Myers Variation, Polish 1.b4 d5 2.Bb2 c6 3.a4
A00 Bugayev Attack, Polish 1.b4 e5 2.a3
A00 Wolferts Gambit, Polish 1.b4 e5 2.Bb2 c5
A00 Schiffler-Sokolsky; Tartakower Gambit 1.b4 e5 2.Bb2 f6 3.e4 Bxb4
A00 Brinckmann Variation, Polish 1.b4 e5 2.Bb2 f6 3.e4 Bxb4 4.Bc4 Nc6
5.f4 Qe7 6.f5 g6
A00 Bucker Defense, Polish 1.b4 Na6
A00 Grigorian Variation, Polish 1.b4 Nc6
A00 Polish Spike 1.b4 Nf6 2.Bb2 g6 3.g4
A00 Karniewski; Tubingen Variation, Polish 1.b4 Nh6
A00 Saragossa; Hempel's Opening 1.c3
A00 Hanham; Hayward 1.c3 e5 2.Qc2
A00 Mieses; Valencia; Venezuelan Opening 1.d3
A00 Venezolana 1.d3 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3
A00 Reversed Rat 1.d3 e5
A00 Spike Deferred; Myers Spike Attack 1.d3 g6 2.g4
A00 Keoni-Hiva Gambit 1.e3 d5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.a3 e5 4.f4 exf4 5.Nf3
A00 Van't Kruijs Opening 1.e3 e5
A00 Bouncing Bishop Variation 1.e3 e5 2.Bc4 b5 3.Bb3
A00 Amsterdam Attack 1.e3 e5 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 Nc6 4.b3 Nf6
A00 Ekolu Variation 1.e3 e5 2.Nc3 d5 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3
A00 Alua Variation 1.e3 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3
A00 Akahi Variation 1.e3 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3
A00 Barnes; Gedult-Gunderam; Walkerling 1.f3
A00 King's Head Opening 1.f3 e5 2.e4
A00 Hammerschlag; Pork Chop Opening 1.f3 e5 2.Kf2
A00 Benko; Barczay; Bilek; Hungarian 1.g3
A00 Gambit 59 1.g3 d5 2.Bg2 e5 3.b4
A00 Regan Variation 1.g3 d5 2.Bg2 e5 3.d4
A00 Reversed Alekhine 1.g3 e5 2.Nf3
A00 Lasker Simul Special 1.g3 h5
A00 Grob; Ahlhausen;Colibri;Fric;Genoa;Spike 1.g4
A00 Grob Gambit 1.g4 d5 2.Bg2 Bxg4
A00 Romford Counter-Gambit, Grob 1.g4 d5 2.Bg2 Bxg4 3.c4 d4
A00 Spike, Grob 1.g4 d5 2.Bg2 c6 3.g5
A00 Short Spike, Grob 1.g4 d5 2.Bg2 c6 3.h3
A00 Zilbermints Gambit, Grob 1.g4 d5 2.e4
A00 Keene Defense, Grob 1.g4 d5 2.h3 e5
A00 Hurst Attack, Grob 1.g4 e5 2.Bg2 d5 3.c4
A00 Alessi Gambit, Grob 1.g4 f5
A00 Double Grob 1.g4 g5
A00 Spike Deferred 1.g4 g6 2.d3
A00 Bucker Defense, Grob 1.g4 Nh6
A00 Clemenz Opening 1.h3
A00 Kadas Opening 1.h4
A00 Despres Opening 1.h4
A00 Koola-Koola 1.h4 a5
A00 Wulumulu 1.h4 e5 2.d4
A00 Durkin's Opening; Sodium Attack 1.Na3
A00 Dunst; Heinrichsen; Will Bull; Kotrc 1.Nc3
A00 St. George Defense, Dunst 1.Nc3 a6
A00 Novosibirsk Variation, Dunst 1.Nc3 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.Qxd4 Nc6 4.Qh4
A00 Twyble Attack, Dunst 1.Nc3 c5 2.Rb1
A00 Dunst Gambit 1.Nc3 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.d3
A00 Pseudo-Diemer Gambit, Dunst 1.Nc3 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.f3 exf3 4.Qxf3
A00 Amazon, Dunst 1.Nc3 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nxe4 Qd5
A00 Reversed Nimzovich 1.Nc3 e5
A00 Battambang, Dunst 1.Nc3 e5 2.a3
A00 Irish Attack; Polish Attack 1.Nc3 e5 2.f4
A00 Napoleon Attack, Dunst 1.Nc3 e5 2.Nf3
A00 Glasscoe Gambit, Dunst 1.Nc3 f5 2.g4
A00 Anti-Pirc Variation, Dunst 1.Nc3 g6 2.h4
A00 Tubingen Gambit, Dunst 1.Nc3 Nf6 2.g4
A00 Amar; Paris Opening 1.Nh3
A00 Drunken Knight Opening 1.Nh3
A00 Krazy Kat 1.Nh3 e5 2.f3 d5 3.Nf2

A01 Larsen; Queen's Fianchetto; 1.b3
Nimzo-Larsen Attack A01
A01 Symmetrical Variation, Larsen 1.b3 b6
A01 English Variation, Larsen 1.b3 c5
A01 Classical Variation, Larsen 1.b3 d5
A01 Modern Variation, Larsen 1.b3 e5
A01 Ringelbach Gambit, Larsen 1.b3 e5 2.Bb2 f5 3.e4
A01 Paschmann Gambit, Larsen 1.b3 e5 2.Bb2 Nc6 3.f4
A01 Dutch Variation, Larsen 1.b3 f5
A01 Indian Variation, Larsen 1.b3 Nf6
A01 Spike Variation, Larsen 1.b3 Nf6 2.Bb2 g6 3.g4

A02 Bird's Opening; Dutch Attack 1.f4
A02 From's Gambit, Bird 1.f4 e5
A02 Canard Formation; Double Duck 1.f4 f5 2.d4 d5
A02 Pawn Thrust Attack, Bird 1.f4 f5 2.d4 d5
A02 Swiss Gambit, Bird 1.f4 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.g4
A02 Hobbs Gambit, Bird 1.f4 g5
A02 Batavo Polish Attack, Bird 1.f4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.b4

A03 A03 1.f4 d5
A03 Sturm; Mujannah 1.f4 d5 2.c4
A03 Prokofiev Gambit, Bird 1.f4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.d3
A03 Williams Gambit, Bird 1.f4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3
A03 Horsefly Defense, Bird 1.f4 Nh6
A03 Reti; Zukertort; A04 1.Nf3
A03 Wade Defense 1.Nf3 d6
A03 Lisitsin Gambit; Polish Gambit 1.Nf3 f5 2.e4
A03 Rydel-Bloodgood Gambit 1.Nf3 f5 2.e4 exf4 3.Ne5
A03 Polish G; Dalesio G; Pirc-Lisitsin G 1.Nf3 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.Ng5
A03 Herrstrom Gambit, Reti 1.Nf3 g5
A03 Oberndorfer Gambit; Reti 1.Nf3 g5
A03 Lessing Defense 1.Nf3 Nc6

A04 Reti; Zukertort; A04 1.Nf3
A04 Wade Defense 1.Nf3 d6
A04 Lisitsin Gambit; Polish Gambit 1.Nf3 f5 2.e4
A04 Rydel-Bloodgood Gambit 1.Nf3 f5 2.e4 exf4 3.Ne5
A04 Polish G; Dalesio G; Pirc-Lisitsin G 1.Nf3 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.Ng5
A04 Herrstrom Gambit, Reti 1.Nf3 g5
A04 Oberndorfer Gambit; Reti 1.Nf3 g5
A04 Lessing Defense 1.Nf3 Nc6

A05 King's Indian Attack; Reti; Zukertort; A05 1.Nf3 Nf6

A06 A06 1.Nf3 d5
A06 Nimzovich Opening, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.b3
A06 Bloodgood Gambit, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.b3 c5 3.e4 dxe4 4.Ne5
A06 Santasiere's Folly, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.b4
A06 Old Indian Attack 1.Nf3 d5 2.d3
A06 Tennison G; Lemberg G; Abonyi G 1.Nf3 d5 2.e4
A06 Reversed Mexican Defense, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.Nc3
A06 Ampel Variation, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.Rg1
A06 Improved Lisitsin G, Reti 1.Nf3 f5 2.d3

A07 Barcza Opening, Reti; A07 1.Nf3 d5 2.g3

A08 A08 1.Nf3 d5 2.g3 c5

A09 Reti; Landstrasser G; Wolf G; A09 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4
A09 London V; New York V, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 c6 3.b3 Nf6 4.Bg2 e6
5.Bb2 Nbd7
A09 Benoni Reversed; Wing Blumenfeld 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 d4
A09 Reti Polonaise 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 d4 3.b4
A09 Penguin Variation, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 d4 3.Rg1
A09 Reti Gambit Accepted 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 dxc4
A09 Neo-Catalan, Reti 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 e6 3.g3

A10 English Opening; A10 1.c4
A10 Halibut Gambit, English 1.c4 b5
A10 Anglo Scandanavian Defense, English 1.c4 d5
A10 Loehn Gambit, English 1.c4 d5 2.cxd5 e6
A10 Schulz Gambit, English 1.c4 d5 2.cxd5 Nf6
A10 Malvinas Variation, English 1.c4 d5 2.cxd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5
A10 Anglo-Dutch Defense 1.c4 f5
A10 Anglo-Polish Dutch 1.c4 f5 2.b4
A10 Hickmann Gambit, English 1.c4 f5 2.e4
A10 Hickmann Gambit, English 1.c4 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.d3
A10 Porcupine Variation, English 1.c4 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.g4
A10 Wade Gambit, English 1.c4 f5 2.g4
A10 English Spike 1.c4 f5 2.g4
A10 Chabanon Gambit, English 1.c4 f5 2.Nf3 d6 3.e4
A10 Myers Defense, English 1.c4 g5 2.d4 Bg7
A10 Zilbermints Gambit, English 1.c4 g5 2.d4 e5
A10 Great Snake, English 1.c4 g6
A10 Adorjan System, English 1.c4 g6 2.e4 e5
A10 Beefeater 1.c4 g6 2.Nc3 Bg7 3.d4 c5 4.d5 Bxc3
5.bxc3 f5
A10 Anglo-Lithuanian Variation, English 1.c4 Nc6

A11 Anglo-Slav, English; A11 1.c4 c6

A12 A12 1.c4 c6 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3
A12 Bled Variation, English 1.c4 c6 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3 Nf6 4.g3 g6

A13 Agincourt; Kurajica Defense, English; A13 1.c4 e6
A13 English Defense 1.c4 e6 2.d4 b6
A13 King's Knight Variation, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5
A13 Wimpy System, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3 Nf6 4.Bb2 c5 e3
A13 Afincourt Variation, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3
A13 Kurajica Defense, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 c6
A13 Neo Catalan, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6
A13 Neo Catalan Accepted, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6 4.Bg2 dxc4
A13 Romanishin Gambit, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.g3 a6 4.Bg2 b5

A14 A14 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6 4.Bg2 Be7
A14 Neo Catalan Declined, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.O-O
A14 Keres Defense, English 1.c4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.g3 Nf6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.O-O
c5 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.Nc3 Nc6

A15 Anglo System, English; A15 1.c4 Nf6
A15 Mikenas-Carls Variation, English 1.c4 Nf6
A15 English Orangutan 1.c4 Nf6 2.b4
A15 Shirazi Shove 1.c4 Nf6 2.g3 h5
A15 King's Knight Variation, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nf3
A15 Romanishin Variation, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 a6

A16 A16 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3
A16 Golombek Defense, English; Anti English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5
A16 Czech Variation, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.g3 g6
5.Bg2 Nb6
A16 Korchnoi's Variation, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.Nf3 g6
5.g3 Bg7 6.Bg2 e5
A16 Stein Attack, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.Nf3 g6
5.Qa4+
A16 Anti-anti-grunfeld 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 g6 3.Nf3 Bg7 4.e4

A17 Smyslov Defense, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.g3 g6
5.Bg2 Nxc3
A17 Hegehog System,Anglo-Indian English;A17 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6
A17 Nimzo-English Opening 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.Nf3 Bb4
A17 Zviagintsev-Krasenkov Attack, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.Nf3 Bb4 4.g4

A18 Flohr-Mikenas-Carls Variation,English;A18 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4
A18 Kevitz Defense, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 Nc6
A18 Queen's Indian Formation, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.Nf3 b6

A19 Floh-Mikenas-Carls Variation, English; A19 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 c5
A19 Nei Gambit, English 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 c5 4.e5 Ng8

A20 King's English; A20 1.c4 e5
A20 Kahiko-Hula Gambit, English 1.c4 e5 2.e3 Nf6 4.f4 exf4 4.Nf3
A20 Double Whammy, English 1.c4 e5 2.f4
A20 Drill Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.g3 h5
A20 Nimzovich Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nf3
A20 Nimzovich-Flohr Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nf3 e4
A20 English Queen 1.c4 e5 2.Qa4

A21 Reversed Sicilian, English; A21 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3
A21 Kramnik-Shirov Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Bb4
A21 Troger Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.g3 Be6 4.Bg2 Nc6
A21 Keres Defense, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.g3 c6
A21 General Variation, King's English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.Nf3
A21 Smyslov Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.Nf3 Bg4
A21 Anglo-Dutch 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 f5

A22 Two Knights Variation, English; A22 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6
A22 Mazedonisch Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4
A22 Bremen; Carls Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3
A22 Kapengut; Smyslov; Modern V, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 Bb4
A22 Bellon Gambit, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4 4.Ng5 b5
A22 Erbenheimer Gambit, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4 4.Ng5 Ng4

A23 Keres Variation, English; A23 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 c6
A23 Reversed Dragon, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 d5

A24 Fianchetto Lines, Two Knights Variation, 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 g6
English; A24
A24 Prickly Pawn Pass System, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
5.d3 d6 6.e4 O-O 7.Nge2 c6 8.O-O a6

A25 Reversed Closed Sicilian, English; A25 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6
A25 Troger Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Be6
A25 Taimanov Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
A25 Hungarian Attack, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 4.Rb1
A25 Closed System, Full Symmetry, 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
King's English 5.d3 d6
A25 Botvinnik System, King's English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
5.d3 d6 6.e4
A25 Bremen-Hort Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
5.e3 d6 6.Nge2 Be6
A25 Botvinnik Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.e4

A26 Closed System, King's English; A26 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.d3

A27 Three Knights System, English; A27 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3

A28 Four Knights Variation, English; A28 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6
A28 Korchnoi Line, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.a3
A28 Flexible Line, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.d3
A28 Bradley Beach Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.d4 e4
A28 Four Knights Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.d4 exd4
5.Nxd4Bb4 6.Bg5 h6 7.Bh4 Bxc3+
8.bxc3 Ne5
A28 Quiet Line, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3
A28 Romanishin Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bb4
5.Qc2 Bxc3
A28 Keene; Stean Variation, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bb4
5.Qc2 O-O 6.Nd5 Re8 7.Qf5
A28 Botvinnik Line, English 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e4

A29 Fianchetto Line, Four Knights English; A29 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.g3

A30 Symmetrical Defense, English; A30 1.c4 c5
A30 Wing Variation, English 1.c4 c5 2.b4
A30 Napolitano Gambit, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.b4
A30 Hedgehog Variation, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.g3 b6 4.Bg2 Bb7
5.O-O e6 6.Nc3 Be7
A30 Double Fianchetto Defense, English 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.g3 b6 4.Bg2 Bb7
5.O-O g6

A31 Two Knights Variation, English 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4

A32 Spielmann Defense, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6
English; A32

A33 A33 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6
5.Nc3 Nc6
A33 Geller Variation, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e6
5.Nc3 Nc6 6.g3 Qb6

A34 Normal Variation, Symmetrical English;A34 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3
A34 Fianchetto Variation, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3
A34 Rubinstein Variation, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5
5.Bg2 Nc7
A34 Asymmetrical Variation, English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5
A34 Keres-Parma System, English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e6 4.g3 Nc6
A34 Four Knights Variation, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 Nf6
English
A35 Two Knights Variation, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6
English; A35

A36 Fianchetto Variation, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3
English; A36
A36 Symmetrical Variation, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
English
A36 Botvinnik System Reversed, 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
Symmetrical English 5.e3 e5
A36 Botvinnik Variation, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.e4

A37 Two Knights Line, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3
English; A37

A38 Full Symmetry Line, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
English; A38 5.Nf3 Nf6
A38 Double Fianchetto, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
5.Nf3 Nf6 6.O-O O-O 7.b3
A38 Duchamp Variation, Symmetrical English 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
5.Nf3 Nf6 6.O-O O-O 7.d3

A39 Mecking Variation, Symmetrical 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7
English; A39 5.Nf3 Nf6 6.O-O O-O 7.d4

A40 Hartlaub Gambit, English 1.c4 b6 2.d4 Bb7 3.Nc3 e6 4.e4 f5 5.exf5 Nf6
A40 Queen Pawn Opening; A40 1.d4
A40 St George's Gambit 1.d4 a6 2.c4 b5 3.e4 e6 4.cxb5 axb5
A40 Polish Defense 1.d4 b5
A40 Spassky Gambit, Polish Defense 1.d4 b5 2.e4 Bb7 3.Bxb5
A40 Queen Fianchetto, Queen Pawn Game 1.d4 b6
A40 Eastbourne Gambit 1.d4 b6 2.c4 Bb7 3.Bxb5
A40 Charlick Gambit; Englund Gambit 1.d4 e5
A40 Englund Gambit Declined 1.d4 e5 2.d5
A40 Diemer Counterattack 1.d4 e5 2.d5 Bc5 3.e4 Qh4
A40 Thuring Gambit; Hartlaub-Charlick Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 d6
A40 Soller; Purchas Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 f6
A40 Englund; Behting Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6
A40 Felbecker Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 Bc5
A40 Soller Gambit Deferred 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 f6
A40 Zilbermints Gambit II, Englund Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 h6
A40 Zilbermints Gambit, Englund Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nge7
A40 Englund Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 Qe7
A40 Stockhom Variation, Englund Gambit 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 Qe7 4.Qd5
A40 Mosquito Gambit, Englund 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Qh4
A40 Horwitz Defense 1.d4 e6
A40 Franco-Indian Defense 1.d4 e6
A40 Seneschaud Variation, Dutch 1.d4 e6 2.Bf4 f5 3.g4
A40 English Defense 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6
A40 Perrin Variation 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6 3.e4 Bb7 4.Bd3 Nc6
A40 Poli Gambit 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6 3.e4 Bb7 4.f3 f5 5.exf5 Nh6
A40 Hartlaub Gambit Declined 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6 3.Nc3 Bb7 4.e4 f5 5.d5
A40 Hartlaub Gambit Accepted 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6 3.Nc3 Bb7 4.e4 f5 5.exf5 Nf6
A40 Keres Defense, Indian; Kangaroo Defense 1.d4 e6 2.c4 Bb4+
A40 Transpositional Variation, Keres Defense 1.d4 e6 2.c4 Bb4+ 3.Nc3
A40 Zilbermints Gambit 1.d4 e6 2.c4 e5
A40 Borg Gambit 1.d4 g5
A40 Queen Pawn Fianchetto 1.d4 g6
A40 Kotov-Robatsch Defense 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7
A40 Pseudo-Saemisch 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.e4 d6 4.Be3 Nf6 5.f3
A40 Rossolimo Variation 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.e4 d6 4.Nf3 Bg4
A40 Neo-Modern Defense 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.e4 e5
A40 Beefeater Variation 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.Nc3 c5 4.d5 Bxc3+
5.bxc3 f5
A40 Modern Defense 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6
A40 Kotov Variation, Modern 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6 4.e4 Nc6
A40 Lizard Defense; Pirc-Diemer Gambit 1.d4 g6 2.h4 Nf6 3.h5
A40 Bogoljubov; Mikenas-Van Geet Defense 1.d4 Nc6
A40 Lundin Defense 1.d4 Nc6
A40 Lithuanian Variation, Mikenas 1.d4 Nc6 2.c4 e5 3.d5 Nce7
A40 Cannstatter Variation, Mikenas 1.d4 Nc6 2.c4 e5 3.d5 Nd4
A40 Pozarek Gambit 1.d4 Nc6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Nxe5 4.Nc3 Nxc4
A40 Montevideo Defense 1.d4 Nc6 2.d5 Nb8
A40 Zaire Defense 1.d4 Nc6 2.d5 Nb8 3.e4 Nf6 5.e5 Ng8
A40 Polish Variation 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Bg7 3.c4 c5 4.Nf3 Qb6
A40 Dunworth Variation, Modern Defense 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Bg7 3.c4 d5 4.exd5 c6
5.dxc6 Bxd4

A41 Anglo-Slav Opening 1.d4 c6 2.c4 d6
A41 Pillsbury Defense; A41; Rat Defense 1.d4 d6
A41 Wade Defense 1.d4 d6 2.Nf3 Bg4
A41 Averbakh Variation, Modern 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6 4.e4
A41 Pterodactyl Variation, Modern 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6 4.e4 c5
5.Nf3 Qa5

A42 A42 1.d4 d6 2.c4
A42 English Rat 1.d4 d6 2.c4 e5
A42 Lisbon Gambit 1.d4 d6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Nc6
A42 Randspringer Variation 1.d4 g6 2.c4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6 4.e4 f5

A43 Staunton Defense; Benoni C-G; A43 1.d4 c5
A43 Zilbermints Gambit; Nakamura Gambit, 1.d4 c5 2.b4 cxb4
Benoni
A43 Old Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 d6
A43 Schmid Variation, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 d6 3.Nc3 g6
A43 Franco-Benoni; Franco-Sicilian 1.d4 c5 2.d5 e6 3.e4
A43 Clarendon Court Variation, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 f5
A43 Benoni-Staunton Gambit 1.d4 c5 2.d5 f5 3.e4
A43 Snail Variation, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Na6
A43 Benoni-Indian Defense 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6
A43 Woozle Defense, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6 3.Nc3 Qa5
A43 Kingside move order, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6 3.Nf3
A43 Habichd; Hawk Variation, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6 3.Nf3 c4
A43 Hawk Variation, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4
A43 Benoni Gambit Accepted 1.d4 c5 2.dxc5
A43 Cormorant Gambit, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.dxc5 b6
A43 Schlenker Defense, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.dxc5 Na6
A43 Zilbermints-Benoni Gambit 1.d4 c5 2.Nf3 cxd4 3.b4
A43 Tamarkin Countergambit, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.Nf3 cxd4 3.b4 e5
A43 Franco-Sicilian Hybrid 1.d4 e6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 exd5 4.cxd5 d6
5.Nc3 g6 6.e4 Bg7 7.Nf3 Ne7

A44 Pawn Thrust, Benoni; A44 1.d4 c5 2.d5 e5
A44 Blockade Variation; Semi-Benoni; 1.d4 c5 2.d5 e5 3.e4 d6
Russian Variation

A45 Indian Defense; A45 1.d4 Nf6
A45 Basque Opening 1.d4 Nf6 2.b3
A45 Trompowsky; Opocensky; Ruth Opening 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5
A45 Poisoned Pawn Variation, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 c5 3.d5 Qb6 4.Nc3
A45 Chepukaitis Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 c5 3.d5 Qb6 4.Nc3 Qxb2
5.Bd2 Qb6
A45 Borg Variation, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 Ne4 3.Bf4 g5
A45 Edge Variation, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 Ne4 3.Bh4
A45 Hergert Gambit #2, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 Ne4 3.Bh4 c6 4.Nd2 Qa5
5.c3 Nxd2 6.Qxd2 d5 7.e4
A45 Hergert Gambit #1, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 Ne4 3.Bh4 d5 4.f3 Nf6
5.Nc3 Bf5 6.e4
A45 Raptor Variation, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 Ne4 3.h4
A45 Hergert Gambit, Trompowsky 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 Ne4 3.h4 Nxg5 4.hxg5 e5
A45 Pawn Push Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.d5
A45 Omega Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.e4
A45 Arafat Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.e4 Nxe4 3.Bd3 Nf6 4.Bg5
A45 Paleface Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3
A45 Webster Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3 c5 3.d5 e6 4.e4 exd5 5.e5
A45 Blackmar-Diemer Gambit Deferred 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3 d5 3.e4
A45 Kraus-Muhlherr Counter Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3 d5 3.e4 e5 4.dxe5 Nxe4
A45 Gedult Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3 d5 3.g4
A45 Gedult-Gunderam System 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3 d5 3.g4
A45 Linder Counter Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.f3 e6 3.e4 Nxe4
A45 Canard Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.f4
A45 Ueberlinger Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.g3 e5
A45 Bullfrog; Weidenhagen; Krabbe; 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4
Ochsenfrosch
A45 Bronstein Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4
A45 Oshima Defense 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4 e5
A45 Gibbins-Wiedehagen Gambit Accepted 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4 Nxg4
A45 Stummer Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4 Nxg4 3.e4 d6 4.Be2 Nf6 5.Nc3
A45 Maltese Falcon 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4 Nxg4 3.f3 Nf6 4.e4
A45 Reversed Chigorin Defense 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nc3 c5
A45 Von Beivorseen 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nc3 c5 3.dxc5
A45 Malich Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.Bg5 c5 4.Bxf6 gxf6
5.e4 dxe4 6.d5
A45 Huebsch Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nc3 d5 3.e4 Nxe4
A45 Maddigan Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e5
A45 Lazard Gambit; Maddigan Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nd2 e5

A46 Knights Variation, Indian Game; A46 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3
A46 Polish Defense 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b5
A46 Spielmann-Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 c5
A46 Pseudo-Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 c5 3.d5 b5
A46 Czech-Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 c6
A46 London System 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bf4
A46 Torre Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bg5
A46 Petrosian Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bg5 c5 4.e3 b6 5.d5
A46 Swiss; Wagner Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bg5 c5 4.e4
A46 Nimzovich Variation, Torre Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bg5 h6
A46 Yusupov-Rubinstein System 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.e3
A46 Dory Defense 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 Ne4

A47 Capablanca Variation, Indian Game; A47 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b6
A47 Torre Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b6 3.Bg5
A47 Schnepper Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b6 3.c3 e5
A47 Marienbad Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b6 3.g3 Bb7 4.Bg2 c5
A47 Berg Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b6 3.g3 Bb7 4.Bg2 c5
5.c4 cxd4 6.Qxd4

A48 Pseudo-King's Indian Variation; A48 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6
A48 London System, Torre Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bf4
A48 London Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bf4 Bg7 4.Nbd2
A48 Fianchetto Defense, Torre Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bg5
A48 Euwe Variation, Torre Attack 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bg5 Bg7 4.Nbd2 c5
A48 King's Indian Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.e3 Bg7 4.Bd3 d6

A49 Przepiorka Variation; A49 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.g3

A50 Normal Variation, Indian Game; A50 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4
A50 Pyrenees Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 b5
A50 Queen's Indian Defense; Saemisch-Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 b6
A50 Medusa Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g5
A50 Van Geet; Kevitz; Trajkovic; Mexican 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 Nc6
A50 Horsefly Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 Nc6 3.d5 Ne5 4.f4

A51 Budapest Defense; A51 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5
A51 Fajarowicz Variation, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ne4
A51 Bonsdorf Variation, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ne4 4.a3 b6
A51 Steiner Variation, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ne4 4.Qc2

A52 Normal Variation, Budapest; A52 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4
A52 Rubinstein Variation, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.Bf4
A52 Kornl Richter Gambit, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.Bf4 Nc6
5.Nf3 Bb4+ 6.Nc3 Bxc3+
A52 Center Play Var., Budapest; Alekhine Var. 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.e4
A52 Balogh; Tartakower C-G, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.e4 d6
A52 Barmina Gambit, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.e4 Nxe5
5.f4 Bc5
A52 Wikstrom Gambit, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.e4 Nxe5
5.f4 Nbc6
A52 Abonyi Variation, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.e4 Nxe5
5.f4 Nec6
A52 Adler Variation, Budapest 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.Nf3

A53 Old Indian Defense; Chigorin Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6
Defense; A53
A53 Aged Gibbon Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.g4
A53 Janowski Variation, Old Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 Bf5
A53 Grinberg Gambit, Old Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 Bf5 4.e4
A53 Ukranian Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5
A53 Duz-Khotimirsky Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 Nbd7 4.e3 e5 5.Bd3
A53 Tartakower-Indian 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nf3 Bg4

A54 Two Knights Variation, Old Indian; A54 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.Nf3

A55 Normal Variation, Old Indian; A55 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.Nf3 Nbd7 5.e4

A56 Vulture Defense, Benoni 1.d4 c5 2.d5 Nf6 3.c4 Ne4
A56 Hromadka Defense; Loose Gambit: A56 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5
A56 Hromadka System, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 d6
A56 Lundin; Bronstein Counter-Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 d6 4.Nc3 g6 5.e4 b5
A56 Petrosian System; Czech Benoni Defense 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5
A56 Czech Variation, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5 4.Nc3 d6 5.e4 Be7
A56 King's Indian System, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5 4.Nc3 d6 5.e4 g6
A56 Vulture Variation; Der Geier 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 Ne4
A56 Weenink Variation, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.dxc5 e6

A57 Benko Gambit; Volga; Opocensky; 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5
Vaitonis; A57
A57 Sosonko Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.a4
A57 Bishop Attack, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.Bg5
A57 Benko Gambit Accepted 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5
A57 Pawn Return Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.b6
A57 Central Storming Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6
5.bxa6 Bxa6 6.Nc3 d6 7.f4
A57 Modern Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.e3
A57 Dlugy Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.f3
A57 Zaitsev System, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.Nc3
A57 Nescafe Frappe Attack, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6
5.Nc3 axb5 6.e4 b4 7.Nb5
A57 Zaitsev Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.Nc3
axb5 6.e4 b4 7.Nb5 d6 8.Nf3 g6 9.Bc4
A57 Benko Gambit Declined; Hjoerring 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.e4
Countergambit
A57 Pseudo-Saemisch, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.f3
A57 Mutkin Countergambit, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.g4
A57 Quiet Line, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.Nd2
A57 Main Line, Benko Gambit Declined 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.Nf3

A58 Fully Accepted Variation, Benko 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6
Gambit; A58
A58 Fianchetto Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6
Bxa6 6.Nc3 g6 7.Nf3 d6 8.g3 Bg7 9.Bg2

A59 A59 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6
5.bxa6 Bxa6 6.Nc3 d6 7.e4
A59 King Walk Variation, Benko Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6
5.bxa6 Bxa6 6.Nc3 d6 7.e4 Bxf1 8.Kxf1
g6 9.g3 Bg7 10.Kg2 O-O

A60 Tal Variation, Modern Variation, 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6
Benoni; A60
A60 Modern Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5
5.cxd5 d6

A61 A61 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3
A61 Snake Variation, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5
5.cxd5 Bd6
A61 Penrose Variation, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5
5.cxd5 d6 6.Nf3 g6 7.Bd3
A61 Uhlmann Variation, Benoni 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5
5.cxd5 d6 6.Nf3 g6 7.Bg5
A61 Nimzovich Variation, Knight's Tour 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5
Variation, Benoni 5.cxd5 d6 6.Nf3 g6 7.Nd2